diff --git a/doc/conf.py b/doc/conf.py
index db40f67..e81e20b 100644
--- a/doc/conf.py
+++ b/doc/conf.py
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 
 import sys
 import os
-on_rtd = os.getenv('READTHEDOCS') == 'True'
+
+on_rtd = os.getenv("READTHEDOCS") == "True"
 if on_rtd:
     import escpos
 else:
@@ -23,52 +24,52 @@ else:
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
 # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../src'))
-root = os.path.relpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath("../src"))
+root = os.path.relpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), ".."))
 
 # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
 
 # If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
-#needs_sphinx = '1.0'
+# needs_sphinx = '1.0'
 
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
 # ones.
 extensions = [
-    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
-    'sphinx.ext.doctest',
-    'sphinx.ext.todo',
-    'sphinx.ext.coverage',
-    'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
-    'sphinx.ext.todo',
-    'sphinx.ext.graphviz',
-    'sphinx.ext.inheritance_diagram',
-    'sphinxcontrib.spelling',
+    "sphinx.ext.autodoc",
+    "sphinx.ext.doctest",
+    "sphinx.ext.todo",
+    "sphinx.ext.coverage",
+    "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
+    "sphinx.ext.todo",
+    "sphinx.ext.graphviz",
+    "sphinx.ext.inheritance_diagram",
+    "sphinxcontrib.spelling",
 ]
 
 # supress warnings for external images
 suppress_warnings = [
-    'image.nonlocal_uri',
+    "image.nonlocal_uri",
 ]
 
 # enable todos
 todo_include_todos = True
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
-templates_path = ['_templates']
+templates_path = ["_templates"]
 
 # The suffix of source filenames.
-source_suffix = '.rst'
+source_suffix = ".rst"
 
 # The encoding of source files.
-#source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
+# source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
 
 # The master toctree document.
-master_doc = 'index'
+master_doc = "index"
 
 # General information about the project.
-project = u'python-escpos'
-copyright = u'2016, Manuel F Martinez and others'
+project = u"python-escpos"
+copyright = u"2016, Manuel F Martinez and others"
 
 # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
@@ -81,45 +82,45 @@ else:
     # locally setuptools_scm should work
     release = get_version(root=root)
 # The short X.Y version.
-version = '.'.join(release.split('.')[:2])  # The short X.Y version.
+version = ".".join(release.split(".")[:2])  # The short X.Y version.
 
 # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
 # for a list of supported languages.
-#language = None
+# language = None
 
 # There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
 # non-false value, then it is used:
-#today = ''
+# today = ''
 # Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
-#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
+# today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
 
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
-exclude_patterns = ['_build']
+exclude_patterns = ["_build"]
 
 # The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all
 # documents.
-#default_role = None
+# default_role = None
 
 # If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
-#add_function_parentheses = True
+# add_function_parentheses = True
 
 # If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
 # unit titles (such as .. function::).
-#add_module_names = True
+# add_module_names = True
 
 # If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
 # output. They are ignored by default.
-#show_authors = False
+# show_authors = False
 
 # The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
-pygments_style = 'sphinx'
+pygments_style = "sphinx"
 
 # A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
-#modindex_common_prefix = []
+# modindex_common_prefix = []
 
 # If true, keep warnings as "system message" paragraphs in the built documents.
-#keep_warnings = False
+# keep_warnings = False
 
 
 # -- Options for HTML output ----------------------------------------------
@@ -127,135 +128,139 @@ pygments_style = 'sphinx'
 # The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
 # a list of builtin themes.
 if on_rtd:
-    html_theme = 'default'
+    html_theme = "default"
 else:
     try:
         import sphinx_rtd_theme
-        html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme'
+
+        html_theme = "sphinx_rtd_theme"
         html_theme_path = [sphinx_rtd_theme.get_html_theme_path()]
     except ImportError:
         print("no sphinx_rtd_theme found, switching to nature")
-        html_theme = 'default'
+        html_theme = "default"
 
 # Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
 # further.  For a list of options available for each theme, see the
 # documentation.
-#html_theme_options = {}
+# html_theme_options = {}
 
 # Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
-#html_theme_path = []
+# html_theme_path = []
 
 # The name for this set of Sphinx documents.  If None, it defaults to
 # "<project> v<release> documentation".
-#html_title = None
+# html_title = None
 
 # A shorter title for the navigation bar.  Default is the same as html_title.
-#html_short_title = None
+# html_short_title = None
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
 # of the sidebar.
-#html_logo = None
+# html_logo = None
 
 # The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
 # docs.  This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
 # pixels large.
-html_favicon = 'pyescpos.ico'
+html_favicon = "pyescpos.ico"
 
 # Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
 # relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
 # so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
-html_static_path = ['_static']
+html_static_path = ["_static"]
 
 # Add any extra paths that contain custom files (such as robots.txt or
 # .htaccess) here, relative to this directory. These files are copied
 # directly to the root of the documentation.
-#html_extra_path = []
+# html_extra_path = []
 
 # If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
 # using the given strftime format.
-#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
+# html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
 
 # If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
 # typographically correct entities.
-#html_use_smartypants = True
+# html_use_smartypants = True
 
 # Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
-#html_sidebars = {}
+# html_sidebars = {}
 
 # Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
 # template names.
-#html_additional_pages = {}
+# html_additional_pages = {}
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#html_domain_indices = True
+# html_domain_indices = True
 
 # If false, no index is generated.
-#html_use_index = True
+# html_use_index = True
 
 # If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
-#html_split_index = False
+# html_split_index = False
 
 # If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
-#html_show_sourcelink = True
+# html_show_sourcelink = True
 
 # If true, "Created using Sphinx" is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
-#html_show_sphinx = True
+# html_show_sphinx = True
 
 # If true, "(C) Copyright ..." is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
-#html_show_copyright = True
+# html_show_copyright = True
 
 # If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
 # contain a <link> tag referring to it.  The value of this option must be the
 # base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
-#html_use_opensearch = ''
+# html_use_opensearch = ''
 
 # This is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
-#html_file_suffix = None
+# html_file_suffix = None
 
 # Output file base name for HTML help builder.
-htmlhelp_basename = 'python-escposdoc'
+htmlhelp_basename = "python-escposdoc"
 
 
 # -- Options for LaTeX output ---------------------------------------------
 
 latex_elements = {
-# The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
-#'papersize': 'letterpaper',
-
-# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
-#'pointsize': '10pt',
-
-# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
-#'preamble': '',
+    # The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
+    #'papersize': 'letterpaper',
+    # The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
+    #'pointsize': '10pt',
+    # Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
+    #'preamble': '',
 }
 
 # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
 # (source start file, target name, title,
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
-  ('index', 'python-escpos.tex', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-   u'Manuel F Martinez and others', 'manual'),
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos.tex",
+        u"python-escpos Documentation",
+        u"Manuel F Martinez and others",
+        "manual",
+    ),
 ]
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
 # the title page.
-#latex_logo = None
+# latex_logo = None
 
 # For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
 # not chapters.
-#latex_use_parts = False
+# latex_use_parts = False
 
 # If true, show page references after internal links.
-#latex_show_pagerefs = False
+# latex_show_pagerefs = False
 
 # If true, show URL addresses after external links.
-#latex_show_urls = False
+# latex_show_urls = False
 
 # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
-#latex_appendices = []
+# latex_appendices = []
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#latex_domain_indices = True
+# latex_domain_indices = True
 
 
 # -- Options for manual page output ---------------------------------------
@@ -263,12 +268,17 @@ latex_documents = [
 # One entry per manual page. List of tuples
 # (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
 man_pages = [
-    ('index', 'python-escpos', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-     [u'Manuel F Martinez and others'], 1)
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos",
+        u"python-escpos Documentation",
+        [u"Manuel F Martinez and others"],
+        1,
+    )
 ]
 
 # If true, show URL addresses after external links.
-#man_show_urls = False
+# man_show_urls = False
 
 
 # -- Options for Texinfo output -------------------------------------------
@@ -277,22 +287,28 @@ man_pages = [
 # (source start file, target name, title, author,
 #  dir menu entry, description, category)
 texinfo_documents = [
-  ('index', 'python-escpos', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-   u'Manuel F Martinez and others', 'python-escpos', 'One line description of project.',
-   'Miscellaneous'),
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos",
+        u"python-escpos Documentation",
+        u"Manuel F Martinez and others",
+        "python-escpos",
+        "One line description of project.",
+        "Miscellaneous",
+    ),
 ]
 
 # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
-#texinfo_appendices = []
+# texinfo_appendices = []
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#texinfo_domain_indices = True
+# texinfo_domain_indices = True
 
 # How to display URL addresses: 'footnote', 'no', or 'inline'.
-#texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
+# texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
 
 # If true, do not generate a @detailmenu in the "Top" node's menu.
-#texinfo_no_detailmenu = False
+# texinfo_no_detailmenu = False
 
 # spellchecker
 spelling_ignore_pypi_package_names = True
diff --git a/examples/barcodes.py b/examples/barcodes.py
index 7e9c242..ef7944b 100644
--- a/examples/barcodes.py
+++ b/examples/barcodes.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from escpos.printer import Usb
 p = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
 
 # Print software and then hardware barcode with the same content
-p.soft_barcode('code39', '123456')
-p.text('\n')
-p.text('\n')
-p.barcode('123456', 'CODE39')
+p.soft_barcode("code39", "123456")
+p.text("\n")
+p.text("\n")
+p.barcode("123456", "CODE39")
diff --git a/examples/codepage_tables.py b/examples/codepage_tables.py
index 5a10ee4..dcec2a3 100644
--- a/examples/codepage_tables.py
+++ b/examples/codepage_tables.py
@@ -6,15 +6,23 @@ import six
 import sys
 
 from escpos import printer
-from escpos.constants import CODEPAGE_CHANGE, ESC, CTL_LF, CTL_FF, CTL_CR, CTL_HT, CTL_VT
+from escpos.constants import (
+    CODEPAGE_CHANGE,
+    ESC,
+    CTL_LF,
+    CTL_FF,
+    CTL_CR,
+    CTL_HT,
+    CTL_VT,
+)
 
 
 def main():
     dummy = printer.Dummy()
 
-    dummy.hw('init')
+    dummy.hw("init")
 
-    for codepage in sys.argv[1:] or ['USA']:
+    for codepage in sys.argv[1:] or ["USA"]:
         dummy.set(height=2, width=2)
         dummy._raw(codepage + "\n\n\n")
         print_codepage(dummy, codepage)
@@ -36,14 +44,14 @@ def print_codepage(printer, codepage):
     sep = ""
 
     # Table header
-    printer.set(font='b')
+    printer.set(font="b")
     printer._raw("  {}\n".format(sep.join(map(lambda s: hex(s)[2:], range(0, 16)))))
     printer.set()
 
     # The table
     for x in range(0, 16):
         # First column
-        printer.set(font='b')
+        printer.set(font="b")
         printer._raw("{} ".format(hex(x)[2:]))
         printer.set()
 
@@ -51,12 +59,12 @@ def print_codepage(printer, codepage):
             byte = six.int2byte(x * 16 + y)
 
             if byte in (ESC, CTL_LF, CTL_FF, CTL_CR, CTL_HT, CTL_VT):
-                byte = ' '
+                byte = " "
 
             printer._raw(byte)
             printer._raw(sep)
-        printer._raw('\n')
+        printer._raw("\n")
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
diff --git a/examples/qr_code.py b/examples/qr_code.py
index 325f845..24b9d60 100644
--- a/examples/qr_code.py
+++ b/examples/qr_code.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ def usage():
     print("usage: qr_code.py <content>")
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     if len(sys.argv) != 2:
         usage()
         sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/examples/software_barcode.py b/examples/software_barcode.py
index 9bbcc09..0fdaaee 100644
--- a/examples/software_barcode.py
+++ b/examples/software_barcode.py
@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ from escpos.printer import Usb
 p = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
 
 # Some software barcodes
-p.soft_barcode('code128', 'Hello')
-p.soft_barcode('code39', '1234')
+p.soft_barcode("code128", "Hello")
+p.soft_barcode("code39", "1234")
diff --git a/examples/weather.py b/examples/weather.py
index 2ba457b..2584a4d 100644
--- a/examples/weather.py
+++ b/examples/weather.py
@@ -33,93 +33,95 @@ printer = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
 # Technically you can use any other weather service, of course :)
 API_KEY = "YOUR API KEY"
 
-LAT = "22.345490"       # Your Location
-LONG = "114.189945"     # Your Location
+LAT = "22.345490"  # Your Location
+LONG = "114.189945"  # Your Location
 
 
 def forecast_icon(idx):
-    icon = data['daily']['data'][idx]['icon']
+    icon = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["icon"]
     image = GRAPHICS_PATH + icon + ".png"
     return image
 
 
 # Dumps one forecast line to the printer
 def forecast(idx):
-    date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(data['daily']['data'][idx]['time']))
+    date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(data["daily"]["data"][idx]["time"]))
     day = calendar.day_name[date.weekday()]
-    lo = data['daily']['data'][idx]['temperatureMin']
-    hi = data['daily']['data'][idx]['temperatureMax']
-    cond = data['daily']['data'][idx]['summary']
+    lo = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["temperatureMin"]
+    hi = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["temperatureMax"]
+    cond = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["summary"]
     print(date)
     print(day)
     print(lo)
     print(hi)
     print(cond)
     time.sleep(1)
-    printer.set(
-        font='a',
-        height=2,
-        align='left',
-        bold=False,
-        double_height=False)
-    printer.text(day + ' \n ')
-    time.sleep(5)           # Sleep to prevent printer buffer overflow
-    printer.text('\n')
+    printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="left", bold=False, double_height=False)
+    printer.text(day + " \n ")
+    time.sleep(5)  # Sleep to prevent printer buffer overflow
+    printer.text("\n")
     printer.image(forecast_icon(idx))
-    printer.text('low ' + str(lo))
+    printer.text("low " + str(lo))
     printer.text(deg)
-    printer.text('\n')
-    printer.text(' high ' + str(hi))
+    printer.text("\n")
+    printer.text(" high " + str(hi))
     printer.text(deg)
-    printer.text('\n')
+    printer.text("\n")
     # take care of pesky unicode dash
-    printer.text(cond.replace(u'\u2013', '-').encode('utf-8'))
-    printer.text('\n \n')
+    printer.text(cond.replace(u"\u2013", "-").encode("utf-8"))
+    printer.text("\n \n")
 
 
 def icon():
-    icon = data['currently']['icon']
+    icon = data["currently"]["icon"]
     image = GRAPHICS_PATH + icon + ".png"
     return image
 
 
-deg = ' C'      # Degree symbol on thermal printer, need to find a better way to use a proper degree symbol
+deg = " C"  # Degree symbol on thermal printer, need to find a better way to use a proper degree symbol
 
 # if you want Fahrenheit change units= to 'us'
-url = "https://api.darksky.net/forecast/" + API_KEY + "/" + LAT + "," + LONG + \
-    "?exclude=[alerts,minutely,hourly,flags]&units=si"  # change last bit to 'us' for Fahrenheit
+url = (
+    "https://api.darksky.net/forecast/"
+    + API_KEY
+    + "/"
+    + LAT
+    + ","
+    + LONG
+    + "?exclude=[alerts,minutely,hourly,flags]&units=si"
+)  # change last bit to 'us' for Fahrenheit
 response = urllib.urlopen(url)
 data = json.loads(response.read())
 
 printer.print_and_feed(n=1)
 printer.control("LF")
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=True)
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=True)
 printer.text("Weather Forecast")
 printer.text("\n")
-printer.set(align='center')
+printer.set(align="center")
 
 
 # Print current conditions
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=False)
-printer.text('Current conditions: \n')
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=False)
+printer.text("Current conditions: \n")
 printer.image(icon())
 printer.text("\n")
 
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='left', bold=False, double_height=False)
-temp = data['currently']['temperature']
-cond = data['currently']['summary']
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="left", bold=False, double_height=False)
+temp = data["currently"]["temperature"]
+cond = data["currently"]["summary"]
 printer.text(temp)
-printer.text(' ')
+printer.text(" ")
 printer.text(deg)
-printer.text(' ')
-printer.text('\n')
-printer.text('Sky: ' + cond)
-printer.text('\n')
-printer.text('\n')
+printer.text(" ")
+printer.text("\n")
+printer.text("Sky: " + cond)
+printer.text("\n")
+printer.text("\n")
 
 # Print forecast
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=False)
-printer.text('Forecast: \n')
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=False)
+printer.text("Forecast: \n")
 forecast(0)
 forecast(1)
 printer.cut()
diff --git a/src/escpos/__init__.py b/src/escpos/__init__.py
index 73e7644..bf739e5 100644
--- a/src/escpos/__init__.py
+++ b/src/escpos/__init__.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ try:
     from .version import version as __version__  # noqa
 except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
     raise ImportError(
-        'Failed to find (autogenerated) version.py. '
-        'This might be because you are installing from GitHub\'s tarballs, '
-        'use the PyPI ones.'
+        "Failed to find (autogenerated) version.py. "
+        "This might be because you are installing from GitHub's tarballs, "
+        "use the PyPI ones."
     )
diff --git a/src/escpos/capabilities.py b/src/escpos/capabilities.py
index c57acfa..02ae57b 100644
--- a/src/escpos/capabilities.py
+++ b/src/escpos/capabilities.py
@@ -16,48 +16,53 @@ from typing import Any, Dict
 logging.basicConfig()
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-pickle_dir = environ.get('ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_PICKLE_DIR', gettempdir())
-pickle_path = path.join(pickle_dir, '{v}.capabilities.pickle'.format(v=platform.python_version()))
+pickle_dir = environ.get("ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_PICKLE_DIR", gettempdir())
+pickle_path = path.join(
+    pickle_dir, "{v}.capabilities.pickle".format(v=platform.python_version())
+)
 # get a temporary file from pkg_resources if no file is specified in env
-capabilities_path = environ.get('ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE',
-                                pkg_resources.resource_filename(__name__, 'capabilities.json'))
+capabilities_path = environ.get(
+    "ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE",
+    pkg_resources.resource_filename(__name__, "capabilities.json"),
+)
 
 # Load external printer database
 t0 = time.time()
-logger.debug('Using capabilities from file: %s', capabilities_path)
+logger.debug("Using capabilities from file: %s", capabilities_path)
 if path.exists(pickle_path):
     if path.getmtime(capabilities_path) > path.getmtime(pickle_path):
-        logger.debug('Found a more recent capabilities file')
+        logger.debug("Found a more recent capabilities file")
         full_load = True
     else:
         full_load = False
-        logger.debug('Loading capabilities from pickle in %s', pickle_path)
-        with open(pickle_path, 'rb') as cf:
+        logger.debug("Loading capabilities from pickle in %s", pickle_path)
+        with open(pickle_path, "rb") as cf:
             CAPABILITIES = pickle.load(cf)
 else:
-    logger.debug('Capabilities pickle file not found: %s', pickle_path)
+    logger.debug("Capabilities pickle file not found: %s", pickle_path)
     full_load = True
 
 if full_load:
-    logger.debug('Loading and pickling capabilities')
-    with open(capabilities_path) as cp, open(pickle_path, 'wb') as pp:
+    logger.debug("Loading and pickling capabilities")
+    with open(capabilities_path) as cp, open(pickle_path, "wb") as pp:
         CAPABILITIES = yaml.safe_load(cp)
         pickle.dump(CAPABILITIES, pp, protocol=2)
 
-logger.debug('Finished loading capabilities took %.2fs', time.time() - t0)
+logger.debug("Finished loading capabilities took %.2fs", time.time() - t0)
 
 
-PROFILES: Dict[str, Any] = CAPABILITIES['profiles']
+PROFILES: Dict[str, Any] = CAPABILITIES["profiles"]
 
 
 class NotSupported(Exception):
     """Raised if a requested feature is not supported by the
     printer profile.
     """
+
     pass
 
 
-BARCODE_B = 'barcodeB'
+BARCODE_B = "barcodeB"
 
 
 class BaseProfile(object):
@@ -76,37 +81,35 @@ class BaseProfile(object):
         """Return the escpos index for `font`. Makes sure that
         the requested `font` is valid.
         """
-        font = {'a': 0, 'b': 1}.get(font, font)
+        font = {"a": 0, "b": 1}.get(font, font)
         if not six.text_type(font) in self.fonts:
             raise NotSupported(
-                '"{}" is not a valid font in the current profile'.format(font))
+                '"{}" is not a valid font in the current profile'.format(font)
+            )
         return font
 
     def get_columns(self, font):
-        """ Return the number of columns for the given font.
-        """
+        """Return the number of columns for the given font."""
         font = self.get_font(font)
-        return self.fonts[six.text_type(font)]['columns']
+        return self.fonts[six.text_type(font)]["columns"]
 
     def supports(self, feature):
-        """Return true/false for the given feature.
-        """
+        """Return true/false for the given feature."""
         return self.features.get(feature)
 
     def get_code_pages(self):
-        """Return the support code pages as a ``{name: index}`` dict.
-        """
+        """Return the support code pages as a ``{name: index}`` dict."""
         return {v: k for k, v in self.codePages.items()}
 
 
-def get_profile(name: str=None, **kwargs):
+def get_profile(name: str = None, **kwargs):
     """Get the profile by name; if no name is given, return the
     default profile.
     """
     if isinstance(name, Profile):
         return name
 
-    clazz = get_profile_class(name or 'default')
+    clazz = get_profile_class(name or "default")
     return clazz(**kwargs)
 
 
@@ -120,9 +123,8 @@ def get_profile_class(name: str):
     if name not in CLASS_CACHE:
         profile_data = PROFILES[name]
         profile_name = clean(name)
-        class_name = '{}{}Profile'.format(
-            profile_name[0].upper(), profile_name[1:])
-        new_class = type(class_name, (BaseProfile,), {'profile_data': profile_data})
+        class_name = "{}{}Profile".format(profile_name[0].upper(), profile_name[1:])
+        new_class = type(class_name, (BaseProfile,), {"profile_data": profile_data})
         CLASS_CACHE[name] = new_class
 
     return CLASS_CACHE[name]
@@ -130,13 +132,13 @@ def get_profile_class(name: str):
 
 def clean(s):
     # Remove invalid characters
-    s = re.sub('[^0-9a-zA-Z_]', '', s)
+    s = re.sub("[^0-9a-zA-Z_]", "", s)
     # Remove leading characters until we find a letter or underscore
-    s = re.sub('^[^a-zA-Z_]+', '', s)
+    s = re.sub("^[^a-zA-Z_]+", "", s)
     return str(s)
 
 
-class Profile(get_profile_class('default')):
+class Profile(get_profile_class("default")):
     """
     For users, who want to provide their profile
     """
diff --git a/src/escpos/cli.py b/src/escpos/cli.py
index c9f9125..98487c0 100644
--- a/src/escpos/cli.py
+++ b/src/escpos/cli.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ It requires you to have a configuration file. See documentation for details.
 
 
 import argparse
+
 try:
     import argcomplete
 except ImportError:
@@ -24,14 +25,14 @@ from . import version
 
 # Must be defined before it's used in DEMO_FUNCTIONS
 def str_to_bool(string):
-    """ Used as a type in argparse so that we get back a proper
+    """Used as a type in argparse so that we get back a proper
     bool instead of always True
     """
-    return string.lower() in ('y', 'yes', '1', 'true')
+    return string.lower() in ("y", "yes", "1", "true")
 
 
 # A list of functions that work better with a newline to be sent after them.
-REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ('qr', 'barcode', 'text', 'block_text')
+REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ("qr", "barcode", "text", "block_text")
 
 
 # Used in demo method
@@ -39,40 +40,46 @@ REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ('qr', 'barcode', 'text', 'block_text')
 #   manual translation is done in the case of barcodes_a -> barcode.
 # Value: A list of dictionaries to pass to the escpos function as arguments.
 DEMO_FUNCTIONS = {
-    'text': [
-        {'txt': 'Hello, World!\n', }
+    "text": [
+        {
+            "txt": "Hello, World!\n",
+        }
     ],
-    'qr': [
-        {'content': 'This tests a QR code'},
-        {'content': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/'}
+    "qr": [
+        {"content": "This tests a QR code"},
+        {"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/"},
     ],
-    'barcodes_a': [
-        {'bc': 'UPC-A', 'code': '13243546576'},
-        {'bc': 'UPC-E', 'code': '132435'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN13', 'code': '1324354657687'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN8', 'code': '1324354'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE39', 'code': 'TEST'},
-        {'bc': 'ITF', 'code': '55867492279103'},
-        {'bc': 'NW7', 'code': 'A00000000A'},
+    "barcodes_a": [
+        {"bc": "UPC-A", "code": "13243546576"},
+        {"bc": "UPC-E", "code": "132435"},
+        {"bc": "EAN13", "code": "1324354657687"},
+        {"bc": "EAN8", "code": "1324354"},
+        {"bc": "CODE39", "code": "TEST"},
+        {"bc": "ITF", "code": "55867492279103"},
+        {"bc": "NW7", "code": "A00000000A"},
     ],
-    'barcodes_b': [
-        {'bc': 'UPC-A', 'code': '13243546576', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'UPC-E', 'code': '132435', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN13', 'code': '1324354657687', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN8', 'code': '1324354', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE39', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'ITF', 'code': '55867492279103', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'NW7', 'code': 'A00000000A', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE93', 'code': 'A00000000A', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE93', 'code': '1324354657687', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128A', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128B', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128C', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1-128', 'code': '00123456780000000001', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Omnidirectional', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Truncated', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Limited', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Expanded', 'code': '00AAAAAAA', 'function_type': 'B'},
+    "barcodes_b": [
+        {"bc": "UPC-A", "code": "13243546576", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "UPC-E", "code": "132435", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "EAN13", "code": "1324354657687", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "EAN8", "code": "1324354", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE39", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "ITF", "code": "55867492279103", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "NW7", "code": "A00000000A", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE93", "code": "A00000000A", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE93", "code": "1324354657687", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128A", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128B", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128C", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1-128", "code": "00123456780000000001", "function_type": "B"},
+        {
+            "bc": "GS1 DataBar Omnidirectional",
+            "code": "0000000000000",
+            "function_type": "B",
+        },
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Truncated", "code": "0000000000000", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Limited", "code": "0000000000000", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Expanded", "code": "00AAAAAAA", "function_type": "B"},
     ],
 }
 
@@ -84,356 +91,355 @@ DEMO_FUNCTIONS = {
 # arguments: A list of dicts of args for subparser.add_argument
 ESCPOS_COMMANDS = [
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'qr',
-            'help': 'Print a QR code',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "qr",
+            "help": "Print a QR code",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'qr',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "qr",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--content',),
-                'help': 'Text to print as a qr code',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--content",),
+                "help": "Text to print as a qr code",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--size',),
-                'help': 'QR code size (1-16) [default:3]',
-                'required': False,
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--size",),
+                "help": "QR code size (1-16) [default:3]",
+                "required": False,
+                "type": int,
+            },
+        ],
+    },
+    {
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "barcode",
+            "help": "Print a barcode",
+        },
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "barcode",
+        },
+        "arguments": [
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--code",),
+                "help": "Barcode data to print",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--bc",),
+                "help": "Barcode format",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--height",),
+                "help": "Barcode height in px",
+                "type": int,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Barcode width",
+                "type": int,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--pos",),
+                "help": "Label position",
+                "choices": ["BELOW", "ABOVE", "BOTH", "OFF"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--font",),
+                "help": "Label font",
+                "choices": ["A", "B"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--align_ct",),
+                "help": "Align barcode center",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--function_type",),
+                "help": "ESCPOS function type",
+                "choices": ["A", "B"],
+            },
+        ],
+    },
+    {
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "text",
+            "help": "Print plain text",
+        },
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "text",
+        },
+        "arguments": [
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--txt",),
+                "help": "Plain text to print",
+                "required": True,
             }
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'barcode',
-            'help': 'Print a barcode',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "block_text",
+            "help": "Print wrapped text",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'barcode',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "block_text",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--code',),
-                'help': 'Barcode data to print',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--txt",),
+                "help": "block_text to print",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--bc',),
-                'help': 'Barcode format',
-                'required': True,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--height',),
-                'help': 'Barcode height in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Barcode width',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--pos',),
-                'help': 'Label position',
-                'choices': ['BELOW', 'ABOVE', 'BOTH', 'OFF'],
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--font',),
-                'help': 'Label font',
-                'choices': ['A', 'B'],
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--align_ct',),
-                'help': 'Align barcode center',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--function_type',),
-                'help': 'ESCPOS function type',
-                'choices': ['A', 'B'],
+                "option_strings": ("--columns",),
+                "help": "Number of columns",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'text',
-            'help': 'Print plain text',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "cut",
+            "help": "Cut the paper",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'text',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "cut",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--txt',),
-                'help': 'Plain text to print',
-                'required': True,
-            }
-        ],
-    },
-    {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'block_text',
-            'help': 'Print wrapped text',
-        },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'block_text',
-        },
-        'arguments': [
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--txt',),
-                'help': 'block_text to print',
-                'required': True,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--columns',),
-                'help': 'Number of columns',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--mode",),
+                "help": "Type of cut",
+                "choices": ["FULL", "PART"],
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'cut',
-            'help': 'Cut the paper',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "cashdraw",
+            "help": "Kick the cash drawer",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'cut',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "cashdraw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--mode',),
-                'help': 'Type of cut',
-                'choices': ['FULL', 'PART'],
+                "option_strings": ("--pin",),
+                "help": "Which PIN to kick",
+                "choices": [2, 5],
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'cashdraw',
-            'help': 'Kick the cash drawer',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "image",
+            "help": "Print an image",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'cashdraw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "image",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--pin',),
-                'help': 'Which PIN to kick',
-                'choices': [2, 5],
+                "option_strings": ("--img_source",),
+                "help": "Path to image",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--impl",),
+                "help": "Implementation to use",
+                "choices": ["bitImageRaster", "bitImageColumn", "graphics"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--high_density_horizontal",),
+                "help": "Image density (horizontal)",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--high_density_vertical",),
+                "help": "Image density (vertical)",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'image',
-            'help': 'Print an image',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "fullimage",
+            "help": "Print a fullimage",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'image',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "fullimage",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--img_source',),
-                'help': 'Path to image',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--img",),
+                "help": "Path to img",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--impl',),
-                'help': 'Implementation to use',
-                'choices': ['bitImageRaster', 'bitImageColumn', 'graphics'],
+                "option_strings": ("--max_height",),
+                "help": "Max height of image in px",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--high_density_horizontal',),
-                'help': 'Image density (horizontal)',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Max width of image in px",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--high_density_vertical',),
-                'help': 'Image density (vertical)',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-
-        ],
-    },
-    {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'fullimage',
-            'help': 'Print a fullimage',
-        },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'fullimage',
-        },
-        'arguments': [
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--img',),
-                'help': 'Path to img',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--histeq",),
+                "help": "Equalize the histrogram",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--max_height',),
-                'help': 'Max height of image in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Max width of image in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--histeq',),
-                'help': 'Equalize the histrogram',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--bandsize',),
-                'help': 'Size of bands to divide into when printing',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--bandsize",),
+                "help": "Size of bands to divide into when printing",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'charcode',
-            'help': 'Set character code table',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "charcode",
+            "help": "Set character code table",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'charcode',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "charcode",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--code',),
-                'help': 'Character code',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--code",),
+                "help": "Character code",
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'set',
-            'help': 'Set text properties',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "set",
+            "help": "Set text properties",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'set',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "set",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--align',),
-                'help': 'Horizontal alignment',
-                'choices': ['left', 'center', 'right'],
+                "option_strings": ("--align",),
+                "help": "Horizontal alignment",
+                "choices": ["left", "center", "right"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--font',),
-                'help': 'Font choice',
-                'choices': ['left', 'center', 'right'],
+                "option_strings": ("--font",),
+                "help": "Font choice",
+                "choices": ["left", "center", "right"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--text_type',),
-                'help': 'Text properties',
-                'choices': ['B', 'U', 'U2', 'BU', 'BU2', 'NORMAL'],
+                "option_strings": ("--text_type",),
+                "help": "Text properties",
+                "choices": ["B", "U", "U2", "BU", "BU2", "NORMAL"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Width multiplier',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Width multiplier",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--height',),
-                'help': 'Height multiplier',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--height",),
+                "help": "Height multiplier",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--density',),
-                'help': 'Print density',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--density",),
+                "help": "Print density",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--invert',),
-                'help': 'White on black printing',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--invert",),
+                "help": "White on black printing",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--smooth',),
-                'help': 'Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--smooth",),
+                "help": "Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--flip',),
-                'help': 'Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--flip",),
+                "help": "Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'hw',
-            'help': 'Hardware operations',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "hw",
+            "help": "Hardware operations",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'hw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "hw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--hw',),
-                'help': 'Operation',
-                'choices': ['INIT', 'SELECT', 'RESET'],
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--hw",),
+                "help": "Operation",
+                "choices": ["INIT", "SELECT", "RESET"],
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'control',
-            'help': 'Control sequences',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "control",
+            "help": "Control sequences",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'control',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "control",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--ctl',),
-                'help': 'Control sequence',
-                'choices': ['LF', 'FF', 'CR', 'HT', 'VT'],
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--ctl",),
+                "help": "Control sequence",
+                "choices": ["LF", "FF", "CR", "HT", "VT"],
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--pos',),
-                'help': 'Horizontal tab position (1-4)',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--pos",),
+                "help": "Horizontal tab position (1-4)",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'panel_buttons',
-            'help': 'Controls panel buttons',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "panel_buttons",
+            "help": "Controls panel buttons",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'panel_buttons',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "panel_buttons",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--enable',),
-                'help': 'Feed button enabled',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--enable",),
+                "help": "Feed button enabled",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'raw',
-            'help': 'Raw data',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "raw",
+            "help": "Raw data",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': '_raw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "_raw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--msg',),
-                'help': 'Raw data to send',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--msg",),
+                "help": "Raw data to send",
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -449,68 +455,71 @@ def main():
     """
 
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description='CLI for python-escpos',
-        epilog='Printer configuration is defined in the python-escpos config'
-        'file. See documentation for details.',
+        description="CLI for python-escpos",
+        epilog="Printer configuration is defined in the python-escpos config"
+        "file. See documentation for details.",
     )
 
-    parser.register('type', 'bool', str_to_bool)
+    parser.register("type", "bool", str_to_bool)
 
     # Allow config file location to be passed
     parser.add_argument(
-        '-c', '--config',
-        help='Alternate path to the configuration file',
+        "-c",
+        "--config",
+        help="Alternate path to the configuration file",
     )
 
     # Everything interesting runs off of a subparser so we can use the format
     # cli [subparser] -args
     command_subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
-        title='ESCPOS Command',
-        dest='parser',
+        title="ESCPOS Command",
+        dest="parser",
     )
     # fix inconsistencies in the behaviour of some versions of argparse
-    command_subparsers.required = False   # force 'required' testing
+    command_subparsers.required = False  # force 'required' testing
 
     # Build the ESCPOS command arguments
     for command in ESCPOS_COMMANDS:
-        parser_command = command_subparsers.add_parser(**command['parser'])
-        parser_command.set_defaults(**command['defaults'])
-        for argument in command['arguments']:
-            option_strings = argument.pop('option_strings')
+        parser_command = command_subparsers.add_parser(**command["parser"])
+        parser_command.set_defaults(**command["defaults"])
+        for argument in command["arguments"]:
+            option_strings = argument.pop("option_strings")
             parser_command.add_argument(*option_strings, **argument)
 
     # Build any custom arguments
-    parser_command_demo = command_subparsers.add_parser('demo',
-                                                        help='Demonstrates various functions')
-    parser_command_demo.set_defaults(func='demo')
+    parser_command_demo = command_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "demo", help="Demonstrates various functions"
+    )
+    parser_command_demo.set_defaults(func="demo")
     demo_group = parser_command_demo.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--barcodes-a',
-        help='Print demo barcodes for function type A',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--barcodes-a",
+        help="Print demo barcodes for function type A",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--barcodes-b',
-        help='Print demo barcodes for function type B',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--barcodes-b",
+        help="Print demo barcodes for function type B",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--qr',
-        help='Print some demo QR codes',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--qr",
+        help="Print some demo QR codes",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--text',
-        help='Print some demo text',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--text",
+        help="Print some demo text",
+        action="store_true",
     )
 
-    parser_command_version = command_subparsers.add_parser('version',
-                                                           help='Print the version of python-escpos')
+    parser_command_version = command_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "version", help="Print the version of python-escpos"
+    )
     parser_command_version.set_defaults(version=True)
 
     # hook in argcomplete
-    if 'argcomplete' in globals():
+    if "argcomplete" in globals():
         argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
 
     # Get only arguments actually passed
@@ -518,16 +527,18 @@ def main():
     if not args_dict:
         parser.print_help()
         sys.exit()
-    command_arguments = dict([k, v] for k, v in six.iteritems(args_dict) if v is not None)
+    command_arguments = dict(
+        [k, v] for k, v in six.iteritems(args_dict) if v is not None
+    )
 
     # If version should be printed, do this, then exit
-    print_version = command_arguments.pop('version', None)
+    print_version = command_arguments.pop("version", None)
     if print_version:
         print(version.version)
         sys.exit()
 
     # If there was a config path passed, grab it
-    config_path = command_arguments.pop('config', None)
+    config_path = command_arguments.pop("config", None)
 
     # Load the configuration and defined printer
     saved_config = config.Config()
@@ -535,12 +546,12 @@ def main():
     printer = saved_config.printer()
 
     if not printer:
-        raise Exception('No printers loaded from config')
+        raise Exception("No printers loaded from config")
 
-    target_command = command_arguments.pop('func')
+    target_command = command_arguments.pop("func")
 
     # remove helper-argument 'parser' from dict
-    command_arguments.pop('parser', None)
+    command_arguments.pop("parser", None)
 
     if hasattr(printer, target_command):
         # print command with args
@@ -548,7 +559,7 @@ def main():
         if target_command in REQUIRES_NEWLINE:
             printer.text("\n")
     else:
-        command_arguments['printer'] = printer
+        command_arguments["printer"] = printer
         globals()[target_command](**command_arguments)
 
 
@@ -564,14 +575,14 @@ def demo(printer, **kwargs):
     for demo_choice in kwargs.keys():
         command = getattr(
             printer,
-            demo_choice
-            .replace('barcodes_a', 'barcode')
-            .replace('barcodes_b', 'barcode')
+            demo_choice.replace("barcodes_a", "barcode").replace(
+                "barcodes_b", "barcode"
+            ),
         )
         for params in DEMO_FUNCTIONS[demo_choice]:
             command(**params)
         printer.cut()
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
diff --git a/src/escpos/codepages.py b/src/escpos/codepages.py
index ca63ef3..f858b08 100644
--- a/src/escpos/codepages.py
+++ b/src/escpos/codepages.py
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ class CodePageManager:
         return self.data[encoding]
 
 
-CodePages = CodePageManager(CAPABILITIES['encodings'])
+CodePages = CodePageManager(CAPABILITIES["encodings"])
diff --git a/src/escpos/config.py b/src/escpos/config.py
index b4cdb33..8fdafb0 100644
--- a/src/escpos/config.py
+++ b/src/escpos/config.py
@@ -14,16 +14,17 @@ from . import exceptions
 
 
 class Config(object):
-    """  Configuration handler class.
+    """Configuration handler class.
 
     This class loads configuration from a default or specificed directory. It
     can create your defined printer and return it to you.
     """
-    _app_name = 'python-escpos'
-    _config_file = 'config.yaml'
+
+    _app_name = "python-escpos"
+    _config_file = "config.yaml"
 
     def __init__(self):
-        """ Initialize configuration.
+        """Initialize configuration.
 
         Remember to add anything that needs to be reset between configurations
         to self._reset_config
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._printer_config = None
 
     def _reset_config(self):
-        """ Clear the loaded configuration.
+        """Clear the loaded configuration.
 
         If we are loading a changed config, we don't want to have leftover
         data.
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._printer_config = None
 
     def load(self, config_path=None):
-        """ Load and parse the configuration file using pyyaml
+        """Load and parse the configuration file using pyyaml
 
         :param config_path: An optional file path, file handle, or byte string
             for the configuration file.
@@ -58,31 +59,32 @@ class Config(object):
 
         if not config_path:
             config_path = os.path.join(
-                appdirs.user_config_dir(self._app_name),
-                self._config_file
+                appdirs.user_config_dir(self._app_name), self._config_file
             )
 
         try:
             # First check if it's file like. If it is, pyyaml can load it.
             # I'm checking type instead of catching exceptions to keep the
             # exception handling simple
-            if hasattr(config_path, 'read'):
+            if hasattr(config_path, "read"):
                 config = yaml.safe_load(config_path)
             else:
                 # If it isn't, it's a path. We have to open it first, otherwise
                 # pyyaml will try to read it as yaml
-                with open(config_path, 'rb') as config_file:
+                with open(config_path, "rb") as config_file:
                     config = yaml.safe_load(config_file)
         except EnvironmentError:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigNotFoundError('Couldn\'t read config at {config_path}'.format(
-                config_path=str(config_path),
-            ))
+            raise exceptions.ConfigNotFoundError(
+                "Couldn't read config at {config_path}".format(
+                    config_path=str(config_path),
+                )
+            )
         except yaml.YAMLError:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError('Error parsing YAML')
+            raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError("Error parsing YAML")
 
-        if 'printer' in config:
-            self._printer_config = config['printer']
-            self._printer_name = self._printer_config.pop('type').title()
+        if "printer" in config:
+            self._printer_config = config["printer"]
+            self._printer_name = self._printer_config.pop("type").title()
 
             if not self._printer_name or not hasattr(printer, self._printer_name):
                 raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError(
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._has_loaded = True
 
     def printer(self):
-        """ Returns a printer that was defined in the config, or throws an
+        """Returns a printer that was defined in the config, or throws an
         exception.
 
         This method loads the default config if one hasn't beeen already loaded.
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ class Config(object):
             self.load()
 
         if not self._printer_name:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigSectionMissingError('printer')
+            raise exceptions.ConfigSectionMissingError("printer")
 
         if not self._printer:
             # We could catch init errors and make them a ConfigSyntaxError,
diff --git a/src/escpos/constants.py b/src/escpos/constants.py
index 5e5b38c..80c921c 100644
--- a/src/escpos/constants.py
+++ b/src/escpos/constants.py
@@ -16,120 +16,125 @@ import six
 
 # Control characters
 # as labelled in https://www.novopos.ch/client/EPSON/TM-T20/TM-T20_eng_qr.pdf
-NUL = b'\x00'
-EOT = b'\x04'
-ENQ = b'\x05'
-DLE = b'\x10'
-DC4 = b'\x14'
-CAN = b'\x18'
-ESC = b'\x1b'
-FS  = b'\x1c'
-GS  = b'\x1d'
+NUL = b"\x00"
+EOT = b"\x04"
+ENQ = b"\x05"
+DLE = b"\x10"
+DC4 = b"\x14"
+CAN = b"\x18"
+ESC = b"\x1b"
+FS = b"\x1c"
+GS = b"\x1d"
 
 # Feed control sequences
-CTL_LF = b'\n'              # Print and line feed
-CTL_FF = b'\f'              # Form feed
-CTL_CR = b'\r'              # Carriage return
-CTL_HT = b'\t'              # Horizontal tab
-CTL_SET_HT = ESC + b'\x44'  # Set horizontal tab positions
-CTL_VT = b'\v'              # Vertical tab
+CTL_LF = b"\n"  # Print and line feed
+CTL_FF = b"\f"  # Form feed
+CTL_CR = b"\r"  # Carriage return
+CTL_HT = b"\t"  # Horizontal tab
+CTL_SET_HT = ESC + b"\x44"  # Set horizontal tab positions
+CTL_VT = b"\v"  # Vertical tab
 
 # Printer hardware
-HW_INIT   = ESC + b'@'             # Clear data in buffer and reset modes
-HW_SELECT = ESC + b'=\x01'         # Printer select
+HW_INIT = ESC + b"@"  # Clear data in buffer and reset modes
+HW_SELECT = ESC + b"=\x01"  # Printer select
 
-HW_RESET  = ESC + b'\x3f\x0a\x00'   # Reset printer hardware
-                                    # (TODO: Where is this specified?)
+HW_RESET = ESC + b"\x3f\x0a\x00"  # Reset printer hardware
+# (TODO: Where is this specified?)
 
 # Cash Drawer (ESC p <pin> <on time: 2*ms> <off time: 2*ms>)
-_CASH_DRAWER = lambda m, t1='', t2='': ESC + b'p' + m + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
-CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE = lambda esc, p, m, t1=50, t2=50: six.int2byte(esc) + six.int2byte(p) + six.int2byte(m) + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
-CD_KICK_2 = _CASH_DRAWER(b'\x00', 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 2 []
-CD_KICK_5 = _CASH_DRAWER(b'\x01', 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 5 []
+_CASH_DRAWER = (
+    lambda m, t1="", t2="": ESC + b"p" + m + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
+)
+CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE = (
+    lambda esc, p, m, t1=50, t2=50: six.int2byte(esc)
+    + six.int2byte(p)
+    + six.int2byte(m)
+    + six.int2byte(t1)
+    + six.int2byte(t2)
+)
+CD_KICK_2 = _CASH_DRAWER(b"\x00", 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 2 []
+CD_KICK_5 = _CASH_DRAWER(b"\x01", 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 5 []
 
 # Paper Cutter
-_CUT_PAPER = lambda m: GS + b'V' + m
-PAPER_FULL_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x00')  # Full cut paper
-PAPER_PART_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x01')  # Partial cut paper
+_CUT_PAPER = lambda m: GS + b"V" + m
+PAPER_FULL_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b"\x00")  # Full cut paper
+PAPER_PART_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b"\x01")  # Partial cut paper
 
 # Beep (please note that the actual beep sequence may differ between devices)
-BEEP = b'\x07'
+BEEP = b"\x07"
 
 # Panel buttons (e.g. the FEED button)
-_PANEL_BUTTON = lambda n: ESC + b'c5' + six.int2byte(n)
+_PANEL_BUTTON = lambda n: ESC + b"c5" + six.int2byte(n)
 PANEL_BUTTON_ON = _PANEL_BUTTON(0)  # enable all panel buttons
 PANEL_BUTTON_OFF = _PANEL_BUTTON(1)  # disable all panel buttons
 
 # Line display printing
-LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN = ESC + b'\x3d\x02'
-LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR = ESC + b'\x40'
-LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE = ESC + b'\x3d\x01'
+LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN = ESC + b"\x3d\x02"
+LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR = ESC + b"\x40"
+LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE = ESC + b"\x3d\x01"
 
 # Sheet modes
-SHEET_SLIP_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x04'  # slip paper
-SHEET_ROLL_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x01'  # paper roll
+SHEET_SLIP_MODE = ESC + b"\x63\x30\x04"  # slip paper
+SHEET_ROLL_MODE = ESC + b"\x63\x30\x01"  # paper roll
 
 # Text format
 # TODO: Acquire the "ESC/POS Application Programming Guide for Paper Roll
 #       Printers" and tidy up this stuff too.
-TXT_SIZE       = GS + b'!'
+TXT_SIZE = GS + b"!"
 
-TXT_NORMAL     = ESC + b'!\x00'     # Normal text
+TXT_NORMAL = ESC + b"!\x00"  # Normal text
 
 
 TXT_STYLE = {
-    'bold': {
-        False: ESC + b'\x45\x00',               # Bold font OFF
-        True: ESC + b'\x45\x01'                 # Bold font ON
+    "bold": {
+        False: ESC + b"\x45\x00",  # Bold font OFF
+        True: ESC + b"\x45\x01",  # Bold font ON
     },
-    'underline': {
-        0: ESC + b'\x2d\x00',                   # Underline font OFF
-        1: ESC + b'\x2d\x01',                   # Underline font 1-dot ON
-        2: ESC + b'\x2d\x02'                    # Underline font 2-dot ON
+    "underline": {
+        0: ESC + b"\x2d\x00",  # Underline font OFF
+        1: ESC + b"\x2d\x01",  # Underline font 1-dot ON
+        2: ESC + b"\x2d\x02",  # Underline font 2-dot ON
     },
-    'size': {
-        'normal': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x00',  # Normal text
-        '2h': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x10',      # Double height text
-        '2w': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x20',      # Double width text
-        '2x': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x30'       # Quad area text
+    "size": {
+        "normal": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x00",  # Normal text
+        "2h": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x10",  # Double height text
+        "2w": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x20",  # Double width text
+        "2x": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x30",  # Quad area text
     },
-    'font': {
-        'a': ESC + b'\x4d\x00',                 # Font type A
-        'b': ESC + b'\x4d\x00'                  # Font type B
+    "font": {
+        "a": ESC + b"\x4d\x00",  # Font type A
+        "b": ESC + b"\x4d\x00",  # Font type B
     },
-    'align': {
-        'left': ESC + b'\x61\x00',              # Left justification
-        'center': ESC + b'\x61\x01',            # Centering
-        'right': ESC + b'\x61\x02'              # Right justification
+    "align": {
+        "left": ESC + b"\x61\x00",  # Left justification
+        "center": ESC + b"\x61\x01",  # Centering
+        "right": ESC + b"\x61\x02",  # Right justification
     },
-    'invert': {
-        True: GS  + b'\x42\x01',                # Inverse Printing ON
-        False: GS  + b'\x42\x00'                # Inverse Printing OFF
+    "invert": {
+        True: GS + b"\x42\x01",  # Inverse Printing ON
+        False: GS + b"\x42\x00",  # Inverse Printing OFF
     },
-    'color': {
-        'black': ESC + b'\x72\x00',             # Default Color
-        'red': ESC + b'\x72\x01'                # Alternative Color, Usually Red
+    "color": {
+        "black": ESC + b"\x72\x00",  # Default Color
+        "red": ESC + b"\x72\x01",  # Alternative Color, Usually Red
     },
-    'flip': {
-        True: ESC + b'\x7b\x01',                # Flip ON
-        False: ESC + b'\x7b\x00'                # Flip OFF
+    "flip": {True: ESC + b"\x7b\x01", False: ESC + b"\x7b\x00"},  # Flip ON  # Flip OFF
+    "density": {
+        0: GS + b"\x7c\x00",  # Printing Density -50%
+        1: GS + b"\x7c\x01",  # Printing Density -37.5%
+        2: GS + b"\x7c\x02",  # Printing Density -25%
+        3: GS + b"\x7c\x03",  # Printing Density -12.5%
+        4: GS + b"\x7c\x04",  # Printing Density  0%
+        5: GS + b"\x7c\x08",  # Printing Density +50%
+        6: GS + b"\x7c\x07",  # Printing Density +37.5%
+        7: GS + b"\x7c\x06",  # Printing Density +25%
+        8: GS + b"\x7c\x05",  # Printing Density +12.5%
     },
-    'density': {
-        0: GS + b'\x7c\x00',                    # Printing Density -50%
-        1: GS + b'\x7c\x01',                    # Printing Density -37.5%
-        2: GS + b'\x7c\x02',                    # Printing Density -25%
-        3: GS + b'\x7c\x03',                    # Printing Density -12.5%
-        4: GS + b'\x7c\x04',                    # Printing Density  0%
-        5: GS + b'\x7c\x08',                    # Printing Density +50%
-        6: GS + b'\x7c\x07',                    # Printing Density +37.5%
-        7: GS + b'\x7c\x06',                    # Printing Density +25%
-        8: GS + b'\x7c\x05'                     # Printing Density +12.5%
+    "smooth": {
+        True: GS + b"\x62\x01",  # Smooth ON
+        False: GS + b"\x62\x00",  # Smooth OFF
     },
-    'smooth': {
-        True: GS + b'\x62\x01',                 # Smooth ON
-        False: GS + b'\x62\x00'                 # Smooth OFF
-    },
-    'height': {                                 # Custom text height
+    "height": {  # Custom text height
         1: 0x00,
         2: 0x01,
         3: 0x02,
@@ -137,9 +142,9 @@ TXT_STYLE = {
         5: 0x04,
         6: 0x05,
         7: 0x06,
-        8: 0x07
+        8: 0x07,
     },
-    'width': {                                  # Custom text width
+    "width": {  # Custom text width
         1: 0x00,
         2: 0x10,
         3: 0x20,
@@ -147,101 +152,104 @@ TXT_STYLE = {
         5: 0x40,
         6: 0x50,
         7: 0x60,
-        8: 0x70
-    }
+        8: 0x70,
+    },
 }
 
 # Fonts
-SET_FONT = lambda n: ESC + b'\x4d' + n
-TXT_FONT_A     = SET_FONT(b'\x00')  # Font type A
-TXT_FONT_B     = SET_FONT(b'\x01')  # Font type B
+SET_FONT = lambda n: ESC + b"\x4d" + n
+TXT_FONT_A = SET_FONT(b"\x00")  # Font type A
+TXT_FONT_B = SET_FONT(b"\x01")  # Font type B
 
 # Spacing
-LINESPACING_RESET = ESC + b'2'
+LINESPACING_RESET = ESC + b"2"
 LINESPACING_FUNCS = {
-  60: ESC + b'A',  # line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
-  360: ESC + b'+', # line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
-  180: ESC + b'3', # line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+    60: ESC + b"A",  # line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
+    360: ESC + b"+",  # line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+    180: ESC + b"3",  # line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
 }
 
 # Prefix to change the codepage. You need to attach a byte to indicate
 # the codepage to use. We use escpos-printer-db as the data source.
-CODEPAGE_CHANGE = ESC + b'\x74'
+CODEPAGE_CHANGE = ESC + b"\x74"
 
 # Barcode format
-_SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS = lambda n: GS + b'H' + n
-BARCODE_TXT_OFF = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x00')  # HRI barcode chars OFF
-BARCODE_TXT_ABV = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x01')  # HRI barcode chars above
-BARCODE_TXT_BLW = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x02')  # HRI barcode chars below
-BARCODE_TXT_BTH = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x03')  # HRI both above and below
+_SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS = lambda n: GS + b"H" + n
+BARCODE_TXT_OFF = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x00")  # HRI barcode chars OFF
+BARCODE_TXT_ABV = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x01")  # HRI barcode chars above
+BARCODE_TXT_BLW = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x02")  # HRI barcode chars below
+BARCODE_TXT_BTH = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x03")  # HRI both above and below
 
-_SET_HRI_FONT = lambda n: GS + b'f' + n
-BARCODE_FONT_A = _SET_HRI_FONT(b'\x00')  # Font type A for HRI barcode chars
-BARCODE_FONT_B = _SET_HRI_FONT(b'\x01')  # Font type B for HRI barcode chars
+_SET_HRI_FONT = lambda n: GS + b"f" + n
+BARCODE_FONT_A = _SET_HRI_FONT(b"\x00")  # Font type A for HRI barcode chars
+BARCODE_FONT_B = _SET_HRI_FONT(b"\x01")  # Font type B for HRI barcode chars
 
-BARCODE_HEIGHT = GS + b'h'  # Barcode Height [1-255]
-BARCODE_WIDTH  = GS + b'w'  # Barcode Width  [2-6]
+BARCODE_HEIGHT = GS + b"h"  # Barcode Height [1-255]
+BARCODE_WIDTH = GS + b"w"  # Barcode Width  [2-6]
 
 # NOTE: This isn't actually an ESC/POS command. It's the common prefix to the
 #      two "print bar code" commands:
 #      -  Type A: "GS k <type as integer> <data> NUL"
 #      -  TYPE B: "GS k <type as letter> <data length> <data>"
 #      The latter command supports more barcode types
-_SET_BARCODE_TYPE = lambda m: GS + b'k' + six.int2byte(m)
+_SET_BARCODE_TYPE = lambda m: GS + b"k" + six.int2byte(m)
 
 # Barcodes for printing function type A
 BARCODE_TYPE_A = {
-    'UPC-A':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(0),
-    'UPC-E':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(1),
-    'EAN13':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(2),
-    'EAN8':    _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(3),
-    'CODE39':  _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(4),
-    'ITF':     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(5),
-    'NW7':     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),
-    'CODABAR': _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),  # Same as NW7
+    "UPC-A": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(0),
+    "UPC-E": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(1),
+    "EAN13": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(2),
+    "EAN8": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(3),
+    "CODE39": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(4),
+    "ITF": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(5),
+    "NW7": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),
+    "CODABAR": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),  # Same as NW7
 }
 
 # Barcodes for printing function type B
 # The first 8 are the same barcodes as type A
 BARCODE_TYPE_B = {
-    'UPC-A':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(65),
-    'UPC-E':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(66),
-    'EAN13':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(67),
-    'EAN8':                        _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(68),
-    'CODE39':                      _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(69),
-    'ITF':                         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(70),
-    'NW7':                         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),
-    'CODABAR':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),  # Same as NW7
-    'CODE93':                      _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(72),
-    'CODE128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73),
-    'GS1-128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(74),
-    'GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL': _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(75),
-    'GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED':       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(76),
-    'GS1 DATABAR LIMITED':         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(77),
-    'GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED':        _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(78),
+    "UPC-A": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(65),
+    "UPC-E": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(66),
+    "EAN13": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(67),
+    "EAN8": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(68),
+    "CODE39": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(69),
+    "ITF": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(70),
+    "NW7": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),
+    "CODABAR": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),  # Same as NW7
+    "CODE93": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(72),
+    "CODE128": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73),
+    "GS1-128": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(74),
+    "GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(75),
+    "GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(76),
+    "GS1 DATABAR LIMITED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(77),
+    "GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(78),
 }
 
 BARCODE_FORMATS = {
-    'UPC-A':                       ([(11, 12)], "^[0-9]{11,12}$"),
-    'UPC-E':                       ([(7, 8), (11, 12)], "^([0-9]{7,8}|[0-9]{11,12})$"),
-    'EAN13':                       ([(12, 13)], "^[0-9]{12,13}$"),
-    'EAN8':                        ([(7, 8)], "^[0-9]{7,8}$"),
-    'CODE39':                      ([(1, 255)], "^([0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+|\*[0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+\*)$"),
-    'ITF':                         ([(2, 255)], "^([0-9]{2})+$"),
-    'NW7':                         ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),
-    'CODABAR':                     ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),  # Same as NW7
-    'CODE93':                      ([(1, 255)], "^[\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
-    'CODE128':                     ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
-    'GS1-128':                     ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"), # same as CODE128
-    'GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL': ([(13,13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"),
-    'GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED':       ([(13,13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"), # same as GS1 omnidirectional
-    'GS1 DATABAR LIMITED':         ([(13,13)], "^[01][0-9]{12}$"),
-    'GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED':        ([(2,255)], "^\([0-9][A-Za-z0-9 \!\"\%\&\'\(\)\*\+\,\-\.\/\:\;\<\=\>\?\_\{]+$"),
+    "UPC-A": ([(11, 12)], "^[0-9]{11,12}$"),
+    "UPC-E": ([(7, 8), (11, 12)], "^([0-9]{7,8}|[0-9]{11,12})$"),
+    "EAN13": ([(12, 13)], "^[0-9]{12,13}$"),
+    "EAN8": ([(7, 8)], "^[0-9]{7,8}$"),
+    "CODE39": ([(1, 255)], "^([0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+|\*[0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+\*)$"),
+    "ITF": ([(2, 255)], "^([0-9]{2})+$"),
+    "NW7": ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),
+    "CODABAR": ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),  # Same as NW7
+    "CODE93": ([(1, 255)], "^[\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
+    "CODE128": ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
+    "GS1-128": ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),  # same as CODE128
+    "GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL": ([(13, 13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"),
+    "GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED": ([(13, 13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"),  # same as GS1 omnidirectional
+    "GS1 DATABAR LIMITED": ([(13, 13)], "^[01][0-9]{12}$"),
+    "GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED": (
+        [(2, 255)],
+        "^\([0-9][A-Za-z0-9 \!\"\%\&'\(\)\*\+\,\-\.\/\:\;\<\=\>\?\_\{]+$",
+    ),
 }
 
 BARCODE_TYPES = {
-    'A': BARCODE_TYPE_A,
-    'B': BARCODE_TYPE_B,
+    "A": BARCODE_TYPE_A,
+    "B": BARCODE_TYPE_B,
 }
 
 # QRCode error correction levels
@@ -258,17 +266,17 @@ QR_MICRO = 3
 # Image format
 # NOTE: _PRINT_RASTER_IMG is the obsolete ESC/POS "print raster bit image"
 #       command. The constants include a fragment of the data's header.
-_PRINT_RASTER_IMG = lambda data: GS + b'v0' + data
-S_RASTER_N  = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x00')  # Set raster image normal size
-S_RASTER_2W = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x01')  # Set raster image double width
-S_RASTER_2H = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x02')  # Set raster image double height
-S_RASTER_Q  = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x03')  # Set raster image quadruple
+_PRINT_RASTER_IMG = lambda data: GS + b"v0" + data
+S_RASTER_N = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x00")  # Set raster image normal size
+S_RASTER_2W = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x01")  # Set raster image double width
+S_RASTER_2H = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x02")  # Set raster image double height
+S_RASTER_Q = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x03")  # Set raster image quadruple
 
 # Status Command
 RT_STATUS = DLE + EOT
-RT_STATUS_ONLINE = RT_STATUS +  b'\x01'
-RT_STATUS_PAPER = RT_STATUS +  b'\x04'
+RT_STATUS_ONLINE = RT_STATUS + b"\x01"
+RT_STATUS_PAPER = RT_STATUS + b"\x04"
 RT_MASK_ONLINE = 8
 RT_MASK_PAPER = 18
 RT_MASK_LOWPAPER = 30
-RT_MASK_NOPAPER = 114
\ No newline at end of file
+RT_MASK_NOPAPER = 114
diff --git a/src/escpos/escpos.py b/src/escpos/escpos.py
index 012bb17..c714d31 100644
--- a/src/escpos/escpos.py
+++ b/src/escpos/escpos.py
@@ -22,17 +22,51 @@ from barcode.writer import ImageWriter
 
 import os
 
-from .constants import ESC, GS, NUL, QR_ECLEVEL_L, QR_ECLEVEL_M, QR_ECLEVEL_H, QR_ECLEVEL_Q
-from .constants import QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO, BARCODE_TYPES, BARCODE_HEIGHT, BARCODE_WIDTH
+from .constants import (
+    ESC,
+    GS,
+    NUL,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_L,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_M,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_H,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_Q,
+)
+from .constants import (
+    QR_MODEL_1,
+    QR_MODEL_2,
+    QR_MICRO,
+    BARCODE_TYPES,
+    BARCODE_HEIGHT,
+    BARCODE_WIDTH,
+)
 from .constants import BARCODE_FONT_A, BARCODE_FONT_B, BARCODE_FORMATS
-from .constants import BARCODE_TXT_OFF, BARCODE_TXT_BTH, BARCODE_TXT_ABV, BARCODE_TXT_BLW
+from .constants import (
+    BARCODE_TXT_OFF,
+    BARCODE_TXT_BTH,
+    BARCODE_TXT_ABV,
+    BARCODE_TXT_BLW,
+)
 from .constants import TXT_SIZE, TXT_NORMAL
 from .constants import SET_FONT
 from .constants import LINESPACING_FUNCS, LINESPACING_RESET
 from .constants import LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN, LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR, LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE
-from .constants import CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE, CD_KICK_5, CD_KICK_2, PAPER_FULL_CUT, PAPER_PART_CUT
+from .constants import (
+    CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE,
+    CD_KICK_5,
+    CD_KICK_2,
+    PAPER_FULL_CUT,
+    PAPER_PART_CUT,
+)
 from .constants import HW_RESET, HW_SELECT, HW_INIT
-from .constants import CTL_VT, CTL_CR, CTL_FF, CTL_LF, CTL_SET_HT, PANEL_BUTTON_OFF, PANEL_BUTTON_ON
+from .constants import (
+    CTL_VT,
+    CTL_CR,
+    CTL_FF,
+    CTL_LF,
+    CTL_SET_HT,
+    PANEL_BUTTON_OFF,
+    PANEL_BUTTON_ON,
+)
 from .constants import TXT_STYLE
 from .constants import RT_STATUS_ONLINE, RT_MASK_ONLINE
 from .constants import RT_STATUS_PAPER, RT_MASK_PAPER, RT_MASK_LOWPAPER, RT_MASK_NOPAPER
@@ -50,27 +84,28 @@ from escpos.capabilities import get_profile, BARCODE_B
 
 @six.add_metaclass(ABCMeta)
 class Escpos(object):
-    """ ESC/POS Printer object
+    """ESC/POS Printer object
 
     This class is the abstract base class for an esc/pos-printer. The printer implementations are children of this
     class.
     """
+
     device = None
 
     def __init__(self, profile=None, magic_encode_args=None, **kwargs):
-        """ Initialize ESCPOS Printer
+        """Initialize ESCPOS Printer
 
         :param profile: Printer profile"""
         self.profile = get_profile(profile)
         self.magic = MagicEncode(self, **(magic_encode_args or {}))
 
     def __del__(self):
-        """ call self.close upon deletion """
+        """call self.close upon deletion"""
         self.close()
 
     @abstractmethod
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Sends raw data to the printer
+        """Sends raw data to the printer
 
         This function has to be individually implemented by the implementations.
 
@@ -80,14 +115,21 @@ class Escpos(object):
         pass
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Returns a NotImplementedError if the instance of the class doesn't override this method.
+        """Returns a NotImplementedError if the instance of the class doesn't override this method.
         :raises NotImplementedError
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def image(self, img_source, high_density_vertical=True, high_density_horizontal=True, impl="bitImageRaster",
-              fragment_height=960, center=False):
-        """ Print an image
+    def image(
+        self,
+        img_source,
+        high_density_vertical=True,
+        high_density_horizontal=True,
+        impl="bitImageRaster",
+        fragment_height=960,
+        center=False,
+    ):
+        """Print an image
 
         You can select whether the printer should print in high density or not. The default value is high density.
         When printing in low density, the image will be stretched.
@@ -116,14 +158,16 @@ class Escpos(object):
         im = EscposImage(img_source)
 
         try:
-            if self.profile.profile_data['media']['width']['pixels'] == "Unknown":
-                print("The media.width.pixel field of the printer profile is not set. " +
-                      "The center flag will have no effect.")
+            if self.profile.profile_data["media"]["width"]["pixels"] == "Unknown":
+                print(
+                    "The media.width.pixel field of the printer profile is not set. "
+                    + "The center flag will have no effect."
+                )
 
-            max_width = int(self.profile.profile_data['media']['width']['pixels'])
+            max_width = int(self.profile.profile_data["media"]["width"]["pixels"])
 
             if im.width > max_width:
-                raise ImageWidthError('{} > {}'.format(im.width, max_width))
+                raise ImageWidthError("{} > {}".format(im.width, max_width))
 
             if center:
                 im.center(max_width)
@@ -137,41 +181,59 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if im.height > fragment_height:
             fragments = im.split(fragment_height)
             for fragment in fragments:
-                self.image(fragment,
-                           high_density_vertical=high_density_vertical,
-                           high_density_horizontal=high_density_horizontal,
-                           impl=impl,
-                           fragment_height=fragment_height)
+                self.image(
+                    fragment,
+                    high_density_vertical=high_density_vertical,
+                    high_density_horizontal=high_density_horizontal,
+                    impl=impl,
+                    fragment_height=fragment_height,
+                )
             return
 
         if impl == "bitImageRaster":
             # GS v 0, raster format bit image
-            density_byte = (0 if high_density_horizontal else 1) + (0 if high_density_vertical else 2)
-            header = GS + b"v0" + six.int2byte(density_byte) + self._int_low_high(im.width_bytes, 2) +\
-                self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
+            density_byte = (0 if high_density_horizontal else 1) + (
+                0 if high_density_vertical else 2
+            )
+            header = (
+                GS
+                + b"v0"
+                + six.int2byte(density_byte)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.width_bytes, 2)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
+            )
             self._raw(header + im.to_raster_format())
 
         if impl == "graphics":
             # GS ( L raster format graphics
-            img_header = self._int_low_high(im.width, 2) + self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
-            tone = b'0'
-            colors = b'1'
+            img_header = self._int_low_high(im.width, 2) + self._int_low_high(
+                im.height, 2
+            )
+            tone = b"0"
+            colors = b"1"
             ym = six.int2byte(1 if high_density_vertical else 2)
             xm = six.int2byte(1 if high_density_horizontal else 2)
             header = tone + xm + ym + colors + img_header
             raster_data = im.to_raster_format()
-            self._image_send_graphics_data(b'0', b'p', header + raster_data)
-            self._image_send_graphics_data(b'0', b'2', b'')
+            self._image_send_graphics_data(b"0", b"p", header + raster_data)
+            self._image_send_graphics_data(b"0", b"2", b"")
 
         if impl == "bitImageColumn":
             # ESC *, column format bit image
-            density_byte = (1 if high_density_horizontal else 0) + (32 if high_density_vertical else 0)
-            header = ESC + b"*" + six.int2byte(density_byte) + self._int_low_high(im.width, 2)
+            density_byte = (1 if high_density_horizontal else 0) + (
+                32 if high_density_vertical else 0
+            )
+            header = (
+                ESC
+                + b"*"
+                + six.int2byte(density_byte)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.width, 2)
+            )
             outp = [ESC + b"3" + six.int2byte(16)]  # Adjust line-feed size
             for blob in im.to_column_format(high_density_vertical):
                 outp.append(header + blob + b"\n")
             outp.append(ESC + b"2")  # Reset line-feed size
-            self._raw(b''.join(outp))
+            self._raw(b"".join(outp))
 
     def _image_send_graphics_data(self, m, fn, data):
         """
@@ -182,11 +244,19 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :param data: Data to send
         """
         header = self._int_low_high(len(data) + 2, 2)
-        self._raw(GS + b'(L' + header + m + fn + data)
+        self._raw(GS + b"(L" + header + m + fn + data)
 
-    def qr(self, content, ec=QR_ECLEVEL_L, size=3, model=QR_MODEL_2,
-           native=False, center=False, impl="bitImageRaster"):
-        """ Print QR Code for the provided string
+    def qr(
+        self,
+        content,
+        ec=QR_ECLEVEL_L,
+        size=3,
+        model=QR_MODEL_2,
+        native=False,
+        center=False,
+        impl="bitImageRaster",
+    ):
+        """Print QR Code for the provided string
 
         :param content: The content of the code. Numeric data will be more efficiently compacted.
         :param ec: Error-correction level to use. One of QR_ECLEVEL_L (default), QR_ECLEVEL_M, QR_ECLEVEL_Q or
@@ -206,50 +276,60 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if not 1 <= size <= 16:
             raise ValueError("Invalid block size (must be 1-16)")
         if model not in [QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO]:
-            raise ValueError("Invalid QR model (must be one of QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO)")
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Invalid QR model (must be one of QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO)"
+            )
         if content == "":
             # Handle edge case by printing nothing.
             return
         if not native:
             # Map ESC/POS error correction levels to python 'qrcode' library constant and render to an image
             if model != QR_MODEL_2:
-                raise ValueError("Invalid QR model for qrlib rendering (must be QR_MODEL_2)")
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Invalid QR model for qrlib rendering (must be QR_MODEL_2)"
+                )
             python_qr_ec = {
                 QR_ECLEVEL_H: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
                 QR_ECLEVEL_L: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_L,
                 QR_ECLEVEL_M: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,
-                QR_ECLEVEL_Q: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_Q
+                QR_ECLEVEL_Q: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_Q,
             }
-            qr_code = qrcode.QRCode(version=None, box_size=size, border=1, error_correction=python_qr_ec[ec])
+            qr_code = qrcode.QRCode(
+                version=None, box_size=size, border=1, error_correction=python_qr_ec[ec]
+            )
             qr_code.add_data(content)
             qr_code.make(fit=True)
             qr_img = qr_code.make_image()
             im = qr_img._img.convert("RGB")
 
             # Convert the RGB image in printable image
-            self.text('\n')
+            self.text("\n")
             self.image(im, center=center, impl=impl)
-            self.text('\n')
-            self.text('\n')
+            self.text("\n")
+            self.text("\n")
             return
 
         if center:
-            raise NotImplementedError("Centering not implemented for native QR rendering")
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "Centering not implemented for native QR rendering"
+            )
 
         # Native 2D code printing
-        cn = b'1'  # Code type for QR code
+        cn = b"1"  # Code type for QR code
         # Select model: 1, 2 or micro.
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(65), cn, six.int2byte(48 + model) + six.int2byte(0))
+        self._send_2d_code_data(
+            six.int2byte(65), cn, six.int2byte(48 + model) + six.int2byte(0)
+        )
         # Set dot size.
         self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(67), cn, six.int2byte(size))
         # Set error correction level: L, M, Q, or H
         self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(69), cn, six.int2byte(48 + ec))
         # Send content & print
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(80), cn, content.encode('utf-8'), b'0')
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(81), cn, b'', b'0')
+        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(80), cn, content.encode("utf-8"), b"0")
+        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(81), cn, b"", b"0")
 
-    def _send_2d_code_data(self, fn, cn, data, m=b''):
-        """ Wrapper for GS ( k, to calculate and send correct data length.
+    def _send_2d_code_data(self, fn, cn, data, m=b""):
+        """Wrapper for GS ( k, to calculate and send correct data length.
 
         :param fn: Function to use.
         :param cn: Output code type. Affects available data.
@@ -259,28 +339,32 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if len(m) > 1 or len(cn) != 1 or len(fn) != 1:
             raise ValueError("cn and fn must be one byte each.")
         header = self._int_low_high(len(data) + len(m) + 2, 2)
-        self._raw(GS + b'(k' + header + cn + fn + m + data)
+        self._raw(GS + b"(k" + header + cn + fn + m + data)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _int_low_high(inp_number, out_bytes):
-        """ Generate multiple bytes for a number: In lower and higher parts, or more parts as needed.
+        """Generate multiple bytes for a number: In lower and higher parts, or more parts as needed.
 
         :param inp_number: Input number
         :param out_bytes: The number of bytes to output (1 - 4).
         """
-        max_input = (256 << (out_bytes * 8) - 1)
+        max_input = 256 << (out_bytes * 8) - 1
         if not 1 <= out_bytes <= 4:
             raise ValueError("Can only output 1-4 bytes")
         if not 0 <= inp_number <= max_input:
-            raise ValueError("Number too large. Can only output up to {0} in {1} bytes".format(max_input, out_bytes))
-        outp = b''
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Number too large. Can only output up to {0} in {1} bytes".format(
+                    max_input, out_bytes
+                )
+            )
+        outp = b""
         for _ in range(0, out_bytes):
             outp += six.int2byte(inp_number % 256)
             inp_number //= 256
         return outp
 
     def charcode(self, code="AUTO"):
-        """ Set Character Code Table
+        """Set Character Code Table
 
         Sets the control sequence from ``CHARCODE`` in :py:mod:`escpos.constants` as active. It will be sent with
         the next text sequence. If you set the variable code to ``AUTO`` it will try to automatically guess the
@@ -318,11 +402,23 @@ class Escpos(object):
             return False
 
         bounds, regex = BARCODE_FORMATS[bc]
-        return any(bound[0] <= len(code) <= bound[1] for bound in bounds) and re_match(regex, code)
+        return any(bound[0] <= len(code) <= bound[1] for bound in bounds) and re_match(
+            regex, code
+        )
 
-    def barcode(self, code, bc, height=64, width=3, pos="BELOW", font="A",
-                align_ct=True, function_type=None, check=True):
-        """ Print Barcode
+    def barcode(
+        self,
+        code,
+        bc,
+        height=64,
+        width=3,
+        pos="BELOW",
+        font="A",
+        align_ct=True,
+        function_type=None,
+        check=True,
+    ):
+        """Print Barcode
 
         This method allows to print barcodes. The rendering of the barcode is done by the printer and therefore has to
         be supported by the unit. By default, this method will check whether your barcode text is correct, that is
@@ -407,38 +503,46 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
         if function_type is None:
             # Choose the function type automatically.
-            if bc in BARCODE_TYPES['A']:
-                function_type = 'A'
+            if bc in BARCODE_TYPES["A"]:
+                function_type = "A"
             else:
-                if bc in BARCODE_TYPES['B']:
+                if bc in BARCODE_TYPES["B"]:
                     if not self.profile.supports(BARCODE_B):
-                        raise BarcodeTypeError((
-                            "Barcode type '{bc} not supported for "
-                            "the current printer profile").format(bc=bc))
-                    function_type = 'B'
+                        raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                            (
+                                "Barcode type '{bc} not supported for "
+                                "the current printer profile"
+                            ).format(bc=bc)
+                        )
+                    function_type = "B"
                 else:
-                    raise BarcodeTypeError((
-                        "Barcode type '{bc} is not valid").format(bc=bc))
+                    raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                        ("Barcode type '{bc} is not valid").format(bc=bc)
+                    )
 
         bc_types = BARCODE_TYPES[function_type.upper()]
         if bc.upper() not in bc_types.keys():
-            raise BarcodeTypeError((
-                "Barcode '{bc}' not valid for barcode function type "
-                "{function_type}").format(
+            raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                (
+                    "Barcode '{bc}' not valid for barcode function type "
+                    "{function_type}"
+                ).format(
                     bc=bc,
                     function_type=function_type,
-                ))
+                )
+            )
 
         if check and not self.check_barcode(bc, code):
-            raise BarcodeCodeError((
-                "Barcode '{code}' not in a valid format for type '{bc}'").format(
-                code=code,
-                bc=bc,
-            ))
+            raise BarcodeCodeError(
+                ("Barcode '{code}' not in a valid format for type '{bc}'").format(
+                    code=code,
+                    bc=bc,
+                )
+            )
 
         # Align Bar Code()
         if align_ct:
-            self._raw(TXT_STYLE['align']['center'])
+            self._raw(TXT_STYLE["align"]["center"])
         # Height
         if 1 <= height <= 255:
             self._raw(BARCODE_HEIGHT + six.int2byte(height))
@@ -478,35 +582,47 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if function_type.upper() == "A":
             self._raw(NUL)
 
-    def soft_barcode(self, barcode_type, data, impl='bitImageColumn',
-                     module_height=5, module_width=0.2, text_distance=1,
-                     center=True):
+    def soft_barcode(
+        self,
+        barcode_type,
+        data,
+        impl="bitImageColumn",
+        module_height=5,
+        module_width=0.2,
+        text_distance=1,
+        center=True,
+    ):
 
         image_writer = ImageWriter()
 
         # Check if barcode type exists
         if barcode_type not in barcode.PROVIDED_BARCODES:
             raise BarcodeTypeError(
-                'Barcode type {} not supported by software barcode renderer'
-                .format(barcode_type))
+                "Barcode type {} not supported by software barcode renderer".format(
+                    barcode_type
+                )
+            )
 
         # Render the barcode to a fake file
         barcode_class = barcode.get_barcode_class(barcode_type)
         my_code = barcode_class(data, writer=image_writer)
 
         with open(os.devnull, "wb") as nullfile:
-            my_code.write(nullfile, {
-                'module_height': module_height,
-                'module_width': module_width,
-                'text_distance': text_distance
-            })
+            my_code.write(
+                nullfile,
+                {
+                    "module_height": module_height,
+                    "module_width": module_width,
+                    "text_distance": text_distance,
+                },
+            )
 
         # Retrieve the Pillow image and print it
         image = my_code.writer._image
         self.image(image, impl=impl, center=center)
 
     def text(self, txt):
-        """ Print alpha-numeric text
+        """Print alpha-numeric text
 
         The text has to be encoded in the currently selected codepage.
         The input text has to be encoded in unicode.
@@ -517,7 +633,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         txt = six.text_type(txt)
         self.magic.write(txt)
 
-    def textln(self, txt=''):
+    def textln(self, txt=""):
         """Print alpha-numeric text with a newline
 
         The text has to be encoded in the currently selected codepage.
@@ -526,7 +642,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :param txt: text to be printed with a newline
         :raises: :py:exc:`~escpos.exceptions.TextError`
         """
-        self.text('{}\n'.format(txt))
+        self.text("{}\n".format(txt))
 
     def ln(self, count=1):
         """Print a newline or more
@@ -535,12 +651,12 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :raises: :py:exc:`ValueError` if count < 0
         """
         if count < 0:
-            raise ValueError('Count cannot be lesser than 0')
+            raise ValueError("Count cannot be lesser than 0")
         if count > 0:
-            self.text('\n' * count)
+            self.text("\n" * count)
 
     def block_text(self, txt, font="0", columns=None):
-        """ Text is printed wrapped to specified columns
+        """Text is printed wrapped to specified columns
 
         Text has to be encoded in unicode.
 
@@ -552,10 +668,23 @@ class Escpos(object):
         col_count = self.profile.get_columns(font) if columns is None else columns
         self.text(textwrap.fill(txt, col_count))
 
-    def set(self, align='left', font='a', bold=False, underline=0, width=1,
-            height=1, density=9, invert=False, smooth=False, flip=False,
-            double_width=False, double_height=False, custom_size=False):
-        """ Set text properties by sending them to the printer
+    def set(
+        self,
+        align="left",
+        font="a",
+        bold=False,
+        underline=0,
+        width=1,
+        height=1,
+        density=9,
+        invert=False,
+        smooth=False,
+        flip=False,
+        double_width=False,
+        double_height=False,
+        custom_size=False,
+    ):
+        """Set text properties by sending them to the printer
 
         :param align: horizontal position for text, possible values are:
 
@@ -596,37 +725,41 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
 
         if custom_size:
-            if 1 <= width <= 8 and 1 <= height <= 8 and isinstance(width, int) and\
-              isinstance(height, int):
-                size_byte = TXT_STYLE['width'][width] + TXT_STYLE['height'][height]
+            if (
+                1 <= width <= 8
+                and 1 <= height <= 8
+                and isinstance(width, int)
+                and isinstance(height, int)
+            ):
+                size_byte = TXT_STYLE["width"][width] + TXT_STYLE["height"][height]
                 self._raw(TXT_SIZE + six.int2byte(size_byte))
             else:
                 raise SetVariableError()
         else:
             self._raw(TXT_NORMAL)
             if double_width and double_height:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2x'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2x"])
             elif double_width:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2w'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2w"])
             elif double_height:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2h'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2h"])
             else:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"])
 
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['flip'][flip])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['smooth'][smooth])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['bold'][bold])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['underline'][underline])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["flip"][flip])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["smooth"][smooth])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["bold"][bold])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["underline"][underline])
         self._raw(SET_FONT(six.int2byte(self.profile.get_font(font))))
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['align'][align])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["align"][align])
 
         if density != 9:
-            self._raw(TXT_STYLE['density'][density])
+            self._raw(TXT_STYLE["density"][density])
 
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['invert'][invert])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["invert"][invert])
 
     def line_spacing(self, spacing=None, divisor=180):
-        """ Set line character spacing.
+        """Set line character spacing.
 
         If no spacing is given, we reset it to the default.
 
@@ -646,16 +779,19 @@ class Escpos(object):
 
         if divisor not in LINESPACING_FUNCS:
             raise ValueError("divisor must be either 360, 180 or 60")
-        if (divisor in [360, 180]
-                and (not(0 <= spacing <= 255))):
-            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 255 when divisor is 360 or 180")
-        if divisor == 60 and (not(0 <= spacing <= 85)):
-            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 85 when divisor is 60")
+        if divisor in [360, 180] and (not (0 <= spacing <= 255)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "spacing must be a int between 0 and 255 when divisor is 360 or 180"
+            )
+        if divisor == 60 and (not (0 <= spacing <= 85)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "spacing must be a int between 0 and 85 when divisor is 60"
+            )
 
         self._raw(LINESPACING_FUNCS[divisor] + six.int2byte(spacing))
 
-    def cut(self, mode='FULL', feed=True):
-        """ Cut paper.
+    def cut(self, mode="FULL", feed=True):
+        """Cut paper.
 
         Without any arguments the paper will be cut completely. With 'mode=PART' a partial cut will
         be attempted. Note however, that not all models can do a partial cut. See the documentation of
@@ -667,28 +803,28 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
 
         if not feed:
-            self._raw(GS + b'V' + six.int2byte(66) + b'\x00')
+            self._raw(GS + b"V" + six.int2byte(66) + b"\x00")
             return
 
         self.print_and_feed(6)
 
         mode = mode.upper()
-        if mode not in ('FULL', 'PART'):
+        if mode not in ("FULL", "PART"):
             raise ValueError("Mode must be one of ('FULL', 'PART')")
 
         if mode == "PART":
-            if self.profile.supports('paperPartCut'):
+            if self.profile.supports("paperPartCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_PART_CUT)
-            elif self.profile.supports('paperFullCut'):
+            elif self.profile.supports("paperFullCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_FULL_CUT)
         elif mode == "FULL":
-            if self.profile.supports('paperFullCut'):
+            if self.profile.supports("paperFullCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_FULL_CUT)
-            elif self.profile.supports('paperPartCut'):
+            elif self.profile.supports("paperPartCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_PART_CUT)
 
     def cashdraw(self, pin):
-        """ Send pulse to kick the cash drawer
+        """Send pulse to kick the cash drawer
 
         Kick cash drawer on pin 2 or pin 5 according to default parameter.
         For non default parameter send a decimal sequence i.e. [27,112,48] or [27,112,0,25,255]
@@ -707,7 +843,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
                 raise CashDrawerError(err)
 
     def linedisplay_select(self, select_display=False):
-        """ Selects the line display or the printer
+        """Selects the line display or the printer
 
         This method is used for line displays that are daisy-chained between your computer and printer.
         If you set `select_display` to true, only the display is selected and if you set it to false,
@@ -722,7 +858,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             self._raw(LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE)
 
     def linedisplay_clear(self):
-        """ Clears the line display and resets the cursor
+        """Clears the line display and resets the cursor
 
         This method is used for line displays that are daisy-chained between your computer and printer.
         """
@@ -743,7 +879,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         self.linedisplay_select(select_display=False)
 
     def hw(self, hw):
-        """ Hardware operations
+        """Hardware operations
 
         :param hw: hardware action, may be:
 
@@ -761,12 +897,12 @@ class Escpos(object):
             pass
 
     def print_and_feed(self, n=1):
-        """ Print data in print buffer and feed *n* lines
+        """Print data in print buffer and feed *n* lines
 
-            if n not in range (0, 255) then ValueError will be raised
+        if n not in range (0, 255) then ValueError will be raised
 
-            :param n: number of n to feed. 0 <= n <= 255. default: 1
-            :raises ValueError: if not 0 <= n <= 255
+        :param n: number of n to feed. 0 <= n <= 255. default: 1
+        :raises ValueError: if not 0 <= n <= 255
         """
         if 0 <= n <= 255:
             # ESC d n
@@ -775,7 +911,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             raise ValueError("n must be betwen 0 and 255")
 
     def control(self, ctl, count=5, tab_size=8):
-        """ Feed control sequences
+        """Feed control sequences
 
         :param ctl: string for the following control sequences:
 
@@ -797,9 +933,9 @@ class Escpos(object):
         elif ctl.upper() == "CR":
             self._raw(CTL_CR)
         elif ctl.upper() == "HT":
-            if not (0 <= count <= 32 and
-                    1 <= tab_size <= 255 and
-                    count * tab_size < 256):
+            if not (
+                0 <= count <= 32 and 1 <= tab_size <= 255 and count * tab_size < 256
+            ):
                 raise TabPosError()
             else:
                 # Set tab positions
@@ -811,7 +947,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             self._raw(CTL_VT)
 
     def panel_buttons(self, enable=True):
-        """ Controls the panel buttons on the printer (e.g. FEED)
+        """Controls the panel buttons on the printer (e.g. FEED)
 
         When enable is set to False the panel buttons on the printer will be disabled. Calling the method with
         enable=True or without argument will enable the panel buttons.
@@ -872,11 +1008,11 @@ class Escpos(object):
         status = self.query_status(RT_STATUS_PAPER)
         if len(status) == 0:
             return 2
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_NOPAPER == RT_MASK_NOPAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_NOPAPER == RT_MASK_NOPAPER:
             return 0
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_LOWPAPER == RT_MASK_LOWPAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_LOWPAPER == RT_MASK_LOWPAPER:
             return 1
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_PAPER == RT_MASK_PAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_PAPER == RT_MASK_PAPER:
             return 2
 
 
@@ -913,7 +1049,7 @@ class EscposIO(object):
         self.autoclose = autoclose
 
     def set(self, **kwargs):
-        """ Set the printer-parameters
+        """Set the printer-parameters
 
         Controls which parameters will be passed to :py:meth:`Escpos.set() <escpos.escpos.Escpos.set()>`.
         For more information on the parameters see the :py:meth:`set() <escpos.escpos.Escpos.set()>`-methods
@@ -929,11 +1065,13 @@ class EscposIO(object):
         params.update(kwargs)
 
         if isinstance(text, six.text_type):
-            lines = text.split('\n')
+            lines = text.split("\n")
         elif isinstance(text, list) or isinstance(text, tuple):
             lines = text
         else:
-            lines = ["{0}".format(text), ]
+            lines = [
+                "{0}".format(text),
+            ]
 
         # TODO check unicode handling
         # TODO flush? or on print? (this should prob rather be handled by the _raw-method)
@@ -945,8 +1083,7 @@ class EscposIO(object):
                 self.printer.text("{0}\n".format(line))
 
     def close(self):
-        """ called upon closing the `with`-statement
-        """
+        """called upon closing the `with`-statement"""
         self.printer.close()
 
     def __enter__(self, **kwargs):
diff --git a/src/escpos/exceptions.py b/src/escpos/exceptions.py
index e67ffe2..cdb7eea 100644
--- a/src/escpos/exceptions.py
+++ b/src/escpos/exceptions.py
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ Result/Exit codes:
 
 
 class Error(Exception):
-    """ Base class for ESC/POS errors """
+    """Base class for ESC/POS errors"""
+
     def __init__(self, msg, status=None):
         Exception.__init__(self)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -40,12 +41,13 @@ class Error(Exception):
 
 
 class BarcodeTypeError(Error):
-    """ No Barcode type defined.
+    """No Barcode type defined.
 
     This exception indicates that no known barcode-type has been entered. The barcode-type has to be
     one of those specified in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode`.
     The returned error code is `10`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -56,12 +58,13 @@ class BarcodeTypeError(Error):
 
 
 class BarcodeSizeError(Error):
-    """ Barcode size is out of range.
+    """Barcode size is out of range.
 
     This exception indicates that the values for the barcode size are out of range.
     The size of the barcode has to be in the range that is specified in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode`.
     The resulting returncode is `20`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -72,12 +75,13 @@ class BarcodeSizeError(Error):
 
 
 class BarcodeCodeError(Error):
-    """ No Barcode code was supplied, or it is incorrect.
+    """No Barcode code was supplied, or it is incorrect.
 
     No data for the barcode has been supplied in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode` or the the `check` parameter
     was True and the check failed.
     The returncode for this exception is `30`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -88,24 +92,28 @@ class BarcodeCodeError(Error):
 
 
 class ImageSizeError(Error):
-    """ Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed.
+    """Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed.
 
     The returncode for this exception is `40`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 40
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class ImageWidthError(Error):
-    """ Image width is too large.
+    """Image width is too large.
 
     The return code for this exception is `41`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -116,26 +124,30 @@ class ImageWidthError(Error):
 
 
 class TextError(Error):
-    """ Text string must be supplied to the `text()` method.
+    """Text string must be supplied to the `text()` method.
 
     This exception is raised when an empty string is passed to :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.text`.
     The returncode for this exception is `50`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 50
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Text string must be supplied to the text() method ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Text string must be supplied to the text() method ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class CashDrawerError(Error):
-    """ Valid pin must be set in order to send pulse.
+    """Valid pin must be set in order to send pulse.
 
     A valid pin number has to be passed onto the method :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.cashdraw`.
     The returncode for this exception is `60`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -146,27 +158,31 @@ class CashDrawerError(Error):
 
 
 class TabPosError(Error):
-    """ Valid tab positions must be set by using from 1 to 32 tabs, and between 1 and 255 tab size values.
+    """Valid tab positions must be set by using from 1 to 32 tabs, and between 1 and 255 tab size values.
     Both values multiplied must not exceed 255, since it is the maximum tab value.
 
     This exception is raised by :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.control`.
     The returncode for this exception is `70`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 70
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Valid tab positions must be in the range 0 to 16 ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Valid tab positions must be in the range 0 to 16 ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class CharCodeError(Error):
-    """ Valid char code must be set.
+    """Valid char code must be set.
 
     The supplied charcode-name in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.charcode` is unknown.
     Ths returncode for this exception is `80`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -177,11 +193,12 @@ class CharCodeError(Error):
 
 
 class USBNotFoundError(Error):
-    """ Device wasn't found (probably not plugged in)
+    """Device wasn't found (probably not plugged in)
 
     The USB device seems to be not plugged in.
     Ths returncode for this exception is `90`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -192,11 +209,12 @@ class USBNotFoundError(Error):
 
 
 class SetVariableError(Error):
-    """ A set method variable was out of range
+    """A set method variable was out of range
 
     Check set variables against minimum and maximum values
     Ths returncode for this exception is `100`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -208,12 +226,14 @@ class SetVariableError(Error):
 
 # Configuration errors
 
+
 class ConfigNotFoundError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file was not found
+    """The configuration file was not found
 
     The default or passed configuration file could not be read
     Ths returncode for this exception is `200`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -224,11 +244,12 @@ class ConfigNotFoundError(Error):
 
 
 class ConfigSyntaxError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file is invalid
+    """The configuration file is invalid
 
     The syntax is incorrect
     Ths returncode for this exception is `210`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -239,11 +260,12 @@ class ConfigSyntaxError(Error):
 
 
 class ConfigSectionMissingError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file is missing a section
+    """The configuration file is missing a section
 
     The part of the config asked for doesn't exist in the loaded configuration
     Ths returncode for this exception is `220`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
diff --git a/src/escpos/image.py b/src/escpos/image.py
index e94a44a..f622ff8 100644
--- a/src/escpos/image.py
+++ b/src/escpos/image.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
 
         # Convert to white RGB background, paste over white background
         # to strip alpha.
-        img_original = img_original.convert('RGBA')
+        img_original = img_original.convert("RGBA")
         im = Image.new("RGB", img_original.size, (255, 255, 255))
         im.paste(img_original, mask=img_original.split()[3])
         # Convert down to greyscale
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
             box = (left, top, left + line_height, top + height_pixels)
             im_slice = im.transform((line_height, height_pixels), Image.EXTENT, box)
             im_bytes = im_slice.tobytes()
-            yield(im_bytes)
+            yield (im_bytes)
             left += line_height
 
     def to_raster_format(self):
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
         :param fragment_height: height of fragment
         :return: list of PIL objects
         """
-        passes = int(math.ceil(self.height/fragment_height))
+        passes = int(math.ceil(self.height / fragment_height))
         fragments = []
         for n in range(0, passes):
             left = 0
diff --git a/src/escpos/katakana.py b/src/escpos/katakana.py
index f1d8b66..2eb99f7 100644
--- a/src/escpos/katakana.py
+++ b/src/escpos/katakana.py
@@ -34,69 +34,68 @@ def encode_katakana(text):
 TXT_ENC_KATAKANA_MAP = {
     # Maps UTF-8 Katakana symbols to KATAKANA Page Codes
     # TODO: has this really to be hardcoded?
-
     # Half-Width Katakanas
-    '｡': b'\xa1',
-    '｢': b'\xa2',
-    '｣': b'\xa3',
-    '､': b'\xa4',
-    '･': b'\xa5',
-    'ｦ': b'\xa6',
-    'ｧ': b'\xa7',
-    'ｨ': b'\xa8',
-    'ｩ': b'\xa9',
-    'ｪ': b'\xaa',
-    'ｫ': b'\xab',
-    'ｬ': b'\xac',
-    'ｭ': b'\xad',
-    'ｮ': b'\xae',
-    'ｯ': b'\xaf',
-    'ｰ': b'\xb0',
-    'ｱ': b'\xb1',
-    'ｲ': b'\xb2',
-    'ｳ': b'\xb3',
-    'ｴ': b'\xb4',
-    'ｵ': b'\xb5',
-    'ｶ': b'\xb6',
-    'ｷ': b'\xb7',
-    'ｸ': b'\xb8',
-    'ｹ': b'\xb9',
-    'ｺ': b'\xba',
-    'ｻ': b'\xbb',
-    'ｼ': b'\xbc',
-    'ｽ': b'\xbd',
-    'ｾ': b'\xbe',
-    'ｿ': b'\xbf',
-    'ﾀ': b'\xc0',
-    'ﾁ': b'\xc1',
-    'ﾂ': b'\xc2',
-    'ﾃ': b'\xc3',
-    'ﾄ': b'\xc4',
-    'ﾅ': b'\xc5',
-    'ﾆ': b'\xc6',
-    'ﾇ': b'\xc7',
-    'ﾈ': b'\xc8',
-    'ﾉ': b'\xc9',
-    'ﾊ': b'\xca',
-    'ﾋ': b'\xcb',
-    'ﾌ': b'\xcc',
-    'ﾍ': b'\xcd',
-    'ﾎ': b'\xce',
-    'ﾏ': b'\xcf',
-    'ﾐ': b'\xd0',
-    'ﾑ': b'\xd1',
-    'ﾒ': b'\xd2',
-    'ﾓ': b'\xd3',
-    'ﾔ': b'\xd4',
-    'ﾕ': b'\xd5',
-    'ﾖ': b'\xd6',
-    'ﾗ': b'\xd7',
-    'ﾘ': b'\xd8',
-    'ﾙ': b'\xd9',
-    'ﾚ': b'\xda',
-    'ﾛ': b'\xdb',
-    'ﾜ': b'\xdc',
-    'ﾝ': b'\xdd',
-    'ﾞ': b'\xde',
-    'ﾟ': b'\xdf',
+    "｡": b"\xa1",
+    "｢": b"\xa2",
+    "｣": b"\xa3",
+    "､": b"\xa4",
+    "･": b"\xa5",
+    "ｦ": b"\xa6",
+    "ｧ": b"\xa7",
+    "ｨ": b"\xa8",
+    "ｩ": b"\xa9",
+    "ｪ": b"\xaa",
+    "ｫ": b"\xab",
+    "ｬ": b"\xac",
+    "ｭ": b"\xad",
+    "ｮ": b"\xae",
+    "ｯ": b"\xaf",
+    "ｰ": b"\xb0",
+    "ｱ": b"\xb1",
+    "ｲ": b"\xb2",
+    "ｳ": b"\xb3",
+    "ｴ": b"\xb4",
+    "ｵ": b"\xb5",
+    "ｶ": b"\xb6",
+    "ｷ": b"\xb7",
+    "ｸ": b"\xb8",
+    "ｹ": b"\xb9",
+    "ｺ": b"\xba",
+    "ｻ": b"\xbb",
+    "ｼ": b"\xbc",
+    "ｽ": b"\xbd",
+    "ｾ": b"\xbe",
+    "ｿ": b"\xbf",
+    "ﾀ": b"\xc0",
+    "ﾁ": b"\xc1",
+    "ﾂ": b"\xc2",
+    "ﾃ": b"\xc3",
+    "ﾄ": b"\xc4",
+    "ﾅ": b"\xc5",
+    "ﾆ": b"\xc6",
+    "ﾇ": b"\xc7",
+    "ﾈ": b"\xc8",
+    "ﾉ": b"\xc9",
+    "ﾊ": b"\xca",
+    "ﾋ": b"\xcb",
+    "ﾌ": b"\xcc",
+    "ﾍ": b"\xcd",
+    "ﾎ": b"\xce",
+    "ﾏ": b"\xcf",
+    "ﾐ": b"\xd0",
+    "ﾑ": b"\xd1",
+    "ﾒ": b"\xd2",
+    "ﾓ": b"\xd3",
+    "ﾔ": b"\xd4",
+    "ﾕ": b"\xd5",
+    "ﾖ": b"\xd6",
+    "ﾗ": b"\xd7",
+    "ﾘ": b"\xd8",
+    "ﾙ": b"\xd9",
+    "ﾚ": b"\xda",
+    "ﾛ": b"\xdb",
+    "ﾜ": b"\xdc",
+    "ﾝ": b"\xdd",
+    "ﾞ": b"\xde",
+    "ﾟ": b"\xdf",
 }
diff --git a/src/escpos/magicencode.py b/src/escpos/magicencode.py
index ace8ea2..11e1b02 100644
--- a/src/escpos/magicencode.py
+++ b/src/escpos/magicencode.py
@@ -55,10 +55,12 @@ class Encoder(object):
         """
         encoding = CodePages.get_encoding_name(encoding)
         if encoding not in self.codepages:
-            raise ValueError((
-                'Encoding "{}" cannot be used for the current profile. '
-                'Valid encodings are: {}'
-                ).format(encoding, ','.join(self.codepages.keys())))
+            raise ValueError(
+                (
+                    'Encoding "{}" cannot be used for the current profile. '
+                    "Valid encodings are: {}"
+                ).format(encoding, ",".join(self.codepages.keys()))
+            )
         return encoding
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -70,16 +72,18 @@ class Encoder(object):
         :param encoding: The name of the encoding. This must appear in the CodePage list
         """
         codepage = CodePages.get_encoding(encoding)
-        if 'data' in codepage:
-            encodable_chars = list("".join(codepage['data']))
-            assert(len(encodable_chars) == 128)
+        if "data" in codepage:
+            encodable_chars = list("".join(codepage["data"]))
+            assert len(encodable_chars) == 128
             return encodable_chars
-        elif 'python_encode' in codepage:
+        elif "python_encode" in codepage:
             encodable_chars = [u" "] * 128
             for i in range(0, 128):
                 codepoint = i + 128
                 try:
-                    encodable_chars[i] = bytes([codepoint]).decode(codepage['python_encode'])
+                    encodable_chars[i] = bytes([codepoint]).decode(
+                        codepage["python_encode"]
+                    )
                 except UnicodeDecodeError:
                     # Non-encodable character, just skip it
                     pass
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
         raise LookupError("Can't find a known encoding for {}".format(encoding))
 
     def _get_codepage_char_map(self, encoding):
-        """ Get codepage character map
+        """Get codepage character map
 
         Process an encoding and return a map of UTF-characters to code points
         in this encoding.
@@ -100,7 +104,9 @@ class Encoder(object):
         if encoding in self.available_characters:
             return self.available_characters[encoding]
         codepage_char_list = self._get_codepage_char_list(encoding)
-        codepage_char_map = dict((utf8, i + 128) for (i, utf8) in enumerate(codepage_char_list))
+        codepage_char_map = dict(
+            (utf8, i + 128) for (i, utf8) in enumerate(codepage_char_list)
+        )
         self.available_characters[encoding] = codepage_char_map
         return codepage_char_map
 
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _encode_char(char, charmap, defaultchar):
-        """ Encode a single character with the given encoding map
+        """Encode a single character with the given encoding map
 
         :param char: char to encode
         :param charmap: dictionary for mapping characters in this code page
@@ -134,23 +140,22 @@ class Encoder(object):
             return charmap[char]
         return ord(defaultchar)
 
-    def encode(self, text, encoding, defaultchar='?'):
-        """ Encode text under the given encoding
+    def encode(self, text, encoding, defaultchar="?"):
+        """Encode text under the given encoding
 
         :param text: Text to encode
         :param encoding: Encoding name to use (must be defined in capabilities)
         :param defaultchar: Fallback for non-encodable characters
         """
         codepage_char_map = self._get_codepage_char_map(encoding)
-        output_bytes = bytes([self._encode_char(char, codepage_char_map, defaultchar) for char in text])
+        output_bytes = bytes(
+            [self._encode_char(char, codepage_char_map, defaultchar) for char in text]
+        )
         return output_bytes
 
     def __encoding_sort_func(self, item):
         key, index = item
-        return (
-            key in self.used_encodings,
-            index
-        )
+        return (key in self.used_encodings, index)
 
     def find_suitable_encoding(self, char):
         """The order of our search is a specific one:
@@ -168,9 +173,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
            that the code page we pick for this character is actually
            supported.
         """
-        sorted_encodings = sorted(
-            self.codepages.items(),
-            key=self.__encoding_sort_func)
+        sorted_encodings = sorted(self.codepages.items(), key=self.__encoding_sort_func)
 
         for encoding, _ in sorted_encodings:
             if self.can_encode(encoding, char):
@@ -205,8 +208,10 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
     If the printer does not support a suitable code page, it can
     insert an error character.
     """
-    def __init__(self, driver, encoding=None, disabled=False,
-                 defaultsymbol='?', encoder=None):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, driver, encoding=None, disabled=False, defaultsymbol="?", encoder=None
+    ):
         """
 
         :param driver:
@@ -219,7 +224,7 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
         :param encoder:
         """
         if disabled and not encoding:
-            raise Error('If you disable magic encode, you need to define an encoding!')
+            raise Error("If you disable magic encode, you need to define an encoding!")
 
         self.driver = driver
         self.encoder = encoder or Encoder(driver.profile.get_code_pages())
@@ -241,8 +246,7 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
             self.disabled = True
 
     def write(self, text):
-        """Write the text, automatically switching encodings.
-        """
+        """Write the text, automatically switching encodings."""
 
         if self.disabled:
             self.write_with_encoding(self.encoding, text)
@@ -268,25 +272,26 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
                 self.write_with_encoding(encoding, to_write)
 
     def _handle_character_failed(self, char):
-        """Called when no codepage was found to render a character.
-        """
+        """Called when no codepage was found to render a character."""
         # Writing the default symbol via write() allows us to avoid
         # unnecesary codepage switches.
         self.write(self.defaultsymbol)
 
     def write_with_encoding(self, encoding, text):
         if text is not None and type(text) is not six.text_type:
-            raise Error("The supplied text has to be unicode, but is of type {type}.".format(
-                type=type(text)
-            ))
+            raise Error(
+                "The supplied text has to be unicode, but is of type {type}.".format(
+                    type=type(text)
+                )
+            )
 
         # We always know the current code page; if the new codepage
         # is different, emit a change command.
         if encoding != self.encoding:
             self.encoding = encoding
             self.driver._raw(
-                CODEPAGE_CHANGE +
-                six.int2byte(self.encoder.get_sequence(encoding)))
+                CODEPAGE_CHANGE + six.int2byte(self.encoder.get_sequence(encoding))
+            )
 
         if text:
             self.driver._raw(self.encoder.encode(text, encoding))
diff --git a/src/escpos/printer.py b/src/escpos/printer.py
index 7a0f7f3..03ce645 100644
--- a/src/escpos/printer.py
+++ b/src/escpos/printer.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from .exceptions import USBNotFoundError
 
 
 class Usb(Escpos):
-    """ USB printer
+    """USB printer
 
     This class describes a printer that natively speaks USB.
 
@@ -30,8 +30,17 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, usb_args=None, timeout=0, in_ep=0x82, out_ep=0x01,
-                 *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: N803
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        idVendor,
+        idProduct,
+        usb_args=None,
+        timeout=0,
+        in_ep=0x82,
+        out_ep=0x01,
+        *args,
+        **kwargs
+    ):  # noqa: N803
         """
         :param idVendor: Vendor ID
         :param idProduct: Product ID
@@ -47,13 +56,13 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
 
         usb_args = usb_args or {}
         if idVendor:
-            usb_args['idVendor'] = idVendor
+            usb_args["idVendor"] = idVendor
         if idProduct:
-            usb_args['idProduct'] = idProduct
+            usb_args["idProduct"] = idProduct
         self.open(usb_args)
 
     def open(self, usb_args):
-        """ Search device on USB tree and set it as escpos device.
+        """Search device on USB tree and set it as escpos device.
 
         :param usb_args: USB arguments
         """
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
             print("Could not set configuration: {0}".format(str(e)))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -100,18 +109,18 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
         self.device.write(self.out_ep, msg, self.timeout)
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller. """
+        """Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller."""
         return self.device.read(self.in_ep, 16)
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Release USB interface """
+        """Release USB interface"""
         if self.device:
             usb.util.dispose_resources(self.device)
         self.device = None
 
 
 class Serial(Escpos):
-    """ Serial printer
+    """Serial printer
 
     This class describes a printer that is connected by serial interface.
 
@@ -122,9 +131,19 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, devfile="/dev/ttyS0", baudrate=9600, bytesize=8, timeout=1,
-                 parity=serial.PARITY_NONE, stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
-                 xonxoff=False, dsrdtr=True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        devfile="/dev/ttyS0",
+        baudrate=9600,
+        bytesize=8,
+        timeout=1,
+        parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
+        stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
+        xonxoff=False,
+        dsrdtr=True,
+        *args,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
         """
 
         :param devfile:  Device file under dev filesystem
@@ -149,13 +168,19 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Setup serial port and set is as escpos device """
+        """Setup serial port and set is as escpos device"""
         if self.device is not None and self.device.is_open:
             self.close()
-        self.device = serial.Serial(port=self.devfile, baudrate=self.baudrate,
-                                    bytesize=self.bytesize, parity=self.parity,
-                                    stopbits=self.stopbits, timeout=self.timeout,
-                                    xonxoff=self.xonxoff, dsrdtr=self.dsrdtr)
+        self.device = serial.Serial(
+            port=self.devfile,
+            baudrate=self.baudrate,
+            bytesize=self.bytesize,
+            parity=self.parity,
+            stopbits=self.stopbits,
+            timeout=self.timeout,
+            xonxoff=self.xonxoff,
+            dsrdtr=self.dsrdtr,
+        )
 
         if self.device is not None:
             print("Serial printer enabled")
@@ -163,7 +188,7 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
             print("Unable to open serial printer on: {0}".format(str(self.devfile)))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -171,18 +196,18 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
         self.device.write(msg)
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller. """
+        """Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller."""
         return self.device.read(16)
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Close Serial interface """
+        """Close Serial interface"""
         if self.device is not None and self.device.is_open:
             self.device.flush()
             self.device.close()
 
 
 class Network(Escpos):
-    """ Network printer
+    """Network printer
 
     This class is used to attach to a networked printer. You can also use this in order to attach to a printer that
     is forwarded with ``socat``.
@@ -218,7 +243,7 @@ class Network(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Open TCP socket with ``socket``-library and set it as escpos device """
+        """Open TCP socket with ``socket``-library and set it as escpos device"""
         self.device = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
         self.device.settimeout(self.timeout)
         self.device.connect((self.host, self.port))
@@ -227,7 +252,7 @@ class Network(Escpos):
             print("Could not open socket for {0}".format(self.host))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -235,12 +260,12 @@ class Network(Escpos):
         self.device.sendall(msg)
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Read data from the TCP socket """
+        """Read data from the TCP socket"""
 
         return self.device.recv(16)
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Close TCP connection """
+        """Close TCP connection"""
         if self.device is not None:
             try:
                 self.device.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
@@ -250,7 +275,7 @@ class Network(Escpos):
 
 
 class File(Escpos):
-    """ Generic file printer
+    """Generic file printer
 
     This class is used for parallel port printer or other printers that are directly attached to the filesystem.
     Note that you should stay away from using USB-to-Parallel-Adapter since they are unreliable
@@ -275,18 +300,18 @@ class File(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Open system file """
+        """Open system file"""
         self.device = open(self.devfile, "wb")
 
         if self.device is None:
             print("Could not open the specified file {0}".format(self.devfile))
 
     def flush(self):
-        """ Flush printing content """
+        """Flush printing content"""
         self.device.flush()
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -296,14 +321,14 @@ class File(Escpos):
             self.flush()
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Close system file """
+        """Close system file"""
         if self.device is not None:
             self.device.flush()
             self.device.close()
 
 
 class Dummy(Escpos):
-    """ Dummy printer
+    """Dummy printer
 
     This class is used for saving commands to a variable, for use in situations where
     there is no need to send commands to an actual printer. This includes
@@ -317,13 +342,12 @@ class Dummy(Escpos):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        """
+        """ """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
         self._output_list = []
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -332,11 +356,11 @@ class Dummy(Escpos):
 
     @property
     def output(self):
-        """ Get the data that was sent to this printer """
-        return b''.join(self._output_list)
+        """Get the data that was sent to this printer"""
+        return b"".join(self._output_list)
 
     def clear(self):
-        """ Clear the buffer of the printer
+        """Clear the buffer of the printer
 
         This method can be called if you send the contents to a physical printer
         and want to use the Dummy printer for new output.
@@ -356,6 +380,7 @@ except ImportError:
     pass
 
 if _WIN32PRINT:
+
     class Win32Raw(Escpos):
         def __init__(self, printer_name=None, *args, **kwargs):
             Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
@@ -370,7 +395,9 @@ if _WIN32PRINT:
             if self.printer_name is None:
                 raise Exception("Printer not found")
             self.hPrinter = win32print.OpenPrinter(self.printer_name)
-            self.current_job = win32print.StartDocPrinter(self.hPrinter, 1, (job_name, None, "RAW"))
+            self.current_job = win32print.StartDocPrinter(
+                self.hPrinter, 1, (job_name, None, "RAW")
+            )
             win32print.StartPagePrinter(self.hPrinter)
 
         def close(self):
@@ -382,7 +409,7 @@ if _WIN32PRINT:
             self.hPrinter = None
 
         def _raw(self, msg):
-            """ Print any command sent in raw format
+            """Print any command sent in raw format
 
             :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
             :type msg: bytes
diff --git a/test/test_abstract_base_class.py b/test/test_abstract_base_class.py
index 5edc8a2..46f215b 100644
--- a/test/test_abstract_base_class.py
+++ b/test/test_abstract_base_class.py
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ def test_abstract_base_class_raises():
 
 
 def test_abstract_base_class():
-    """ test whether Escpos has the metaclass ABCMeta """
+    """test whether Escpos has the metaclass ABCMeta"""
     assert issubclass(escpos.Escpos, object)
     assert type(escpos.Escpos) is ABCMeta
diff --git a/test/test_cli.py b/test/test_cli.py
index eba5b76..09e7629 100644
--- a/test/test_cli.py
+++ b/test/test_cli.py
@@ -9,40 +9,39 @@ from scripttest import TestFileEnvironment
 from nose.tools import assert_equal, nottest
 import escpos
 
-TEST_DIR = os.path.abspath('test/test-cli-output')
+TEST_DIR = os.path.abspath("test/test-cli-output")
 
-DEVFILE_NAME = 'testfile'
+DEVFILE_NAME = "testfile"
 
 DEVFILE = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, DEVFILE_NAME)
-CONFIGFILE = 'testconfig.yaml'
-CONFIG_YAML = '''
+CONFIGFILE = "testconfig.yaml"
+CONFIG_YAML = """
 ---
 
 printer:
     type: file
     devfile: {testfile}
-'''.format(
+""".format(
     testfile=DEVFILE,
 )
 
 
 class TestCLI:
-    """ Contains setups, teardowns, and tests for CLI
-    """
+    """Contains setups, teardowns, and tests for CLI"""
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_class(cls):
-        """ Create a config file to read from """
-        with open(CONFIGFILE, 'w') as config:
+        """Create a config file to read from"""
+        with open(CONFIGFILE, "w") as config:
             config.write(CONFIG_YAML)
 
     @classmethod
     def teardown_class(cls):
-        """ Remove config file """
+        """Remove config file"""
         os.remove(CONFIGFILE)
 
     def setup(self):
-        """ Create a file to print to and set up env"""
+        """Create a file to print to and set up env"""
         self.env = None
         self.default_args = None
 
@@ -52,63 +51,59 @@ class TestCLI:
         )
 
         self.default_args = (
-            'python-escpos',
-            '-c',
+            "python-escpos",
+            "-c",
             CONFIGFILE,
         )
 
-        fhandle = open(DEVFILE, 'a')
+        fhandle = open(DEVFILE, "a")
         try:
             os.utime(DEVFILE, None)
         finally:
             fhandle.close()
 
     def teardown(self):
-        """ Destroy printer file and env """
+        """Destroy printer file and env"""
         os.remove(DEVFILE)
         self.env.clear()
 
     def test_cli_help(self):
-        """ Test getting help from cli """
-        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', '-h')
+        """Test getting help from cli"""
+        result = self.env.run("python-escpos", "-h")
         assert not result.stderr
-        assert 'usage' in result.stdout
+        assert "usage" in result.stdout
 
     def test_cli_version(self):
-        """ Test the version string """
-        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', 'version')
+        """Test the version string"""
+        result = self.env.run("python-escpos", "version")
         assert not result.stderr
         assert_equal(escpos.__version__, result.stdout.strip())
 
     @nottest  # disable this test as it is not that easy anymore to predict the outcome of this call
     def test_cli_text(self):
-        """ Make sure text returns what we sent it """
-        test_text = 'this is some text'
+        """Make sure text returns what we sent it"""
+        test_text = "this is some text"
         result = self.env.run(
-            *(self.default_args + (
-                'text',
-                '--txt',
-                test_text,
-            ))
+            *(
+                self.default_args
+                + (
+                    "text",
+                    "--txt",
+                    test_text,
+                )
+            )
         )
         assert not result.stderr
         assert DEVFILE_NAME in result.files_updated.keys()
-        assert_equals(
-            result.files_updated[DEVFILE_NAME].bytes,
-            test_text + '\n'
-        )
+        assert_equals(result.files_updated[DEVFILE_NAME].bytes, test_text + "\n")
 
     def test_cli_text_inavlid_args(self):
-        """ Test a failure to send valid arguments """
+        """Test a failure to send valid arguments"""
         result = self.env.run(
-            *(self.default_args + (
-                'text',
-                '--invalid-param',
-                'some data'
-            )),
+            *(self.default_args + ("text", "--invalid-param", "some data")),
             expect_error=True,
             expect_stderr=True
         )
         assert_equal(result.returncode, 2)
-        assert 'error:' in result.stderr
+        assert "error:" in result.stderr
         assert not result.files_updated
diff --git a/test/test_function_barcode.py b/test/test_function_barcode.py
index a2db09c..b41c5dc 100644
--- a/test/test_function_barcode.py
+++ b/test/test_function_barcode.py
@@ -6,42 +6,51 @@ from escpos.exceptions import BarcodeTypeError, BarcodeCodeError
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,data,expected", [
-    ('EAN13', '4006381333931',
-        b'\x1ba\x01\x1dh@\x1dw\x03\x1df\x00\x1dH\x02\x1dk\x024006381333931\x00')
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data,expected",
+    [
+        (
+            "EAN13",
+            "4006381333931",
+            b"\x1ba\x01\x1dh@\x1dw\x03\x1df\x00\x1dH\x02\x1dk\x024006381333931\x00",
+        )
+    ],
+)
 def test_barcode(bctype, data, expected):
-    """should generate different barcode types correctly.
-    """
+    """should generate different barcode types correctly."""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.barcode(data, bctype)
     assert instance.output == expected
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,supports_b", [
-    ('invalid', True),
-    ('CODE128', False),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,supports_b",
+    [
+        ("invalid", True),
+        ("CODE128", False),
+    ],
+)
 def test_lacks_support(bctype, supports_b):
-    """should raise an error if the barcode type is not supported.
-    """
+    """should raise an error if the barcode type is not supported."""
     profile = Profile(features={BARCODE_B: supports_b})
     instance = printer.Dummy(profile=profile)
     with pytest.raises(BarcodeTypeError):
-        instance.barcode('test', bctype)
+        instance.barcode("test", bctype)
 
-    assert instance.output == b''
+    assert instance.output == b""
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,data", [
-    ('EAN13', 'AA'),
-    ('CODE128', '{D2354AA'),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("EAN13", "AA"),
+        ("CODE128", "{D2354AA"),
+    ],
+)
 def test_code_check(bctype, data):
-    """should raise an error if the barcode code is invalid.
-    """
+    """should raise an error if the barcode code is invalid."""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     with pytest.raises(BarcodeCodeError):
         instance.barcode(data, bctype)
 
-    assert instance.output == b''
+    assert instance.output == b""
diff --git a/test/test_function_cashdraw.py b/test/test_function_cashdraw.py
index 55d61bf..95665c6 100644
--- a/test/test_function_cashdraw.py
+++ b/test/test_function_cashdraw.py
@@ -6,10 +6,8 @@ import pytest
 
 
 def test_raise_CashDrawerError():
-    """should raise an error if the sequence is invalid.
-    """
+    """should raise an error if the sequence is invalid."""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     with pytest.raises(CashDrawerError):
         # call with sequence that is too long
-        instance.cashdraw([1,1,1,1,1,1])
-
+        instance.cashdraw([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
diff --git a/test/test_function_check_barcode.py b/test/test_function_check_barcode.py
index 5a73b05..6cc9fc9 100644
--- a/test/test_function_check_barcode.py
+++ b/test/test_function_check_barcode.py
@@ -6,95 +6,101 @@ import escpos.printer as printer
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,data", [
-    ('UPC-A', '01234567890'),
-    ('UPC-A', '012345678905'),
-    ('UPC-E', '01234567'),
-    ('UPC-E', '0123456'),
-    ('UPC-E', '012345678905'),
-    ('EAN13', '0123456789012'),
-    ('EAN13', '012345678901'),
-    ('EAN8', '01234567'),
-    ('EAN8', '0123456'),
-    ('CODE39', 'ABC-1234'),
-    ('CODE39', 'ABC-1234-$$-+A'),
-    ('CODE39', '*WIKIPEDIA*'),
-    ('ITF', '010203040506070809'),
-    ('ITF', '11221133113344556677889900'),
-    ('CODABAR', 'A2030405060B'),
-    ('CODABAR', 'C11221133113344556677889900D'),
-    ('CODABAR', 'D0D'),
-    ('NW7', 'A2030405060B'),
-    ('NW7', 'C11221133113344556677889900D'),
-    ('NW7', 'D0D'),
-    ('CODE93', 'A2030405060B'),
-    ('CODE93', '+:$&23-7@$'),
-    ('CODE93', 'D0D'),
-    ('CODE128', '{A2030405060B'),
-    ('CODE128', '{C+:$&23-7@$'),
-    ('CODE128', '{B0D'),
-    ('GS1-128', '{A2030405060B'),
-    ('GS1-128', '{C+:$&23-7@$'),
-    ('GS1-128', '{B0D'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL', '0123456789123'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED', '0123456789123'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR LIMITED', '0123456789123'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', '(9A{A20304+-%&06a0B'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', '(1 {C+:&23-7%'),
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', '(00000001234567678'),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("UPC-A", "01234567890"),
+        ("UPC-A", "012345678905"),
+        ("UPC-E", "01234567"),
+        ("UPC-E", "0123456"),
+        ("UPC-E", "012345678905"),
+        ("EAN13", "0123456789012"),
+        ("EAN13", "012345678901"),
+        ("EAN8", "01234567"),
+        ("EAN8", "0123456"),
+        ("CODE39", "ABC-1234"),
+        ("CODE39", "ABC-1234-$$-+A"),
+        ("CODE39", "*WIKIPEDIA*"),
+        ("ITF", "010203040506070809"),
+        ("ITF", "11221133113344556677889900"),
+        ("CODABAR", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODABAR", "C11221133113344556677889900D"),
+        ("CODABAR", "D0D"),
+        ("NW7", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("NW7", "C11221133113344556677889900D"),
+        ("NW7", "D0D"),
+        ("CODE93", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODE93", "+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("CODE93", "D0D"),
+        ("CODE128", "{A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODE128", "{C+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("CODE128", "{B0D"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{A2030405060B"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{C+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{B0D"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(9A{A20304+-%&06a0B"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(1 {C+:&23-7%"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(00000001234567678"),
+    ],
+)
 def test_check_valid_barcode(bctype, data):
-    assert (printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data))
+    assert printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,data", [
-    ('UPC-A', '01234567890123'),  # too long
-    ('UPC-A', '0123456789'),  # too short
-    ('UPC-A', '72527273-711'),  # invalid '-'
-    ('UPC-A', 'A12345678901'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('UPC-E', '01234567890123'),  # too long
-    ('UPC-E', '012345'),  # too short
-    ('UPC-E', '72527-2'),  # invalid '-'
-    ('UPC-E', 'A123456'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('EAN13', '0123456789'),  # too short
-    ('EAN13', 'A123456789012'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('EAN13', '012345678901234'),  # too long
-    ('EAN8', '012345'),  # too short
-    ('EAN8', 'A123456789012'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('EAN8', '012345678901234'),  # too long
-    ('CODE39', 'ALKJ_34'),  # invalid '_'
-    ('CODE39', 'A' * 256),  # too long
-    ('ITF', '010203040'),  # odd length
-    ('ITF', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('ITF', 'AB01'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('CODABAR', '010203040'),  # no start/stop
-    ('CODABAR', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('CODABAR', 'AB-01F'),  # invalid 'B'
-    ('NW7', '010203040'),  # no start/stop
-    ('NW7', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('NW7', 'AB-01F'),  # invalid 'B'
-    ('CODE93', 'é010203040'),  # invalid 'é'
-    ('CODE93', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('CODE128', '010203040'),  # missing leading {
-    ('CODE128', '{D2354AA'),  # second char not between A-C
-    ('CODE128', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('GS1-128', '010203040'),  # missing leading {
-    ('GS1-128', '{D2354AA'),  # second char not between A-C
-    ('GS1-128', '0' * 256),  # too long
-    ('GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL', '01234567891234'),  # too long
-    ('GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL', '012345678912'),  # too short
-    ('GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL', '012345678A1234'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED', '01234567891234'),  # too long
-    ('GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED', '012345678912'),  # too short
-    ('GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED', '012345678A1234'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('GS1 DATABAR LIMITED', '01234567891234'),  # too long
-    ('GS1 DATABAR LIMITED', '012345678912'),  # too short
-    ('GS1 DATABAR LIMITED', '012345678A1234'),  # invalid 'A'
-    ('GS1 DATABAR LIMITED', '02345678912341'),  # invalid start (should be 01)
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', '010203040'),  # missing leading (
-    ('GS1-128', '(' + ('0' * 256)),  # too long
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', '(a{D2354AA'),  # second char not between 0-9
-    ('GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED', 'IT will fail'),  # first char not '('
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("UPC-A", "01234567890123"),  # too long
+        ("UPC-A", "0123456789"),  # too short
+        ("UPC-A", "72527273-711"),  # invalid '-'
+        ("UPC-A", "A12345678901"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("UPC-E", "01234567890123"),  # too long
+        ("UPC-E", "012345"),  # too short
+        ("UPC-E", "72527-2"),  # invalid '-'
+        ("UPC-E", "A123456"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN13", "0123456789"),  # too short
+        ("EAN13", "A123456789012"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN13", "012345678901234"),  # too long
+        ("EAN8", "012345"),  # too short
+        ("EAN8", "A123456789012"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN8", "012345678901234"),  # too long
+        ("CODE39", "ALKJ_34"),  # invalid '_'
+        ("CODE39", "A" * 256),  # too long
+        ("ITF", "010203040"),  # odd length
+        ("ITF", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("ITF", "AB01"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("CODABAR", "010203040"),  # no start/stop
+        ("CODABAR", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("CODABAR", "AB-01F"),  # invalid 'B'
+        ("NW7", "010203040"),  # no start/stop
+        ("NW7", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("NW7", "AB-01F"),  # invalid 'B'
+        ("CODE93", "é010203040"),  # invalid 'é'
+        ("CODE93", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("CODE128", "010203040"),  # missing leading {
+        ("CODE128", "{D2354AA"),  # second char not between A-C
+        ("CODE128", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("GS1-128", "010203040"),  # missing leading {
+        ("GS1-128", "{D2354AA"),  # second char not between A-C
+        ("GS1-128", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "02345678912341"),  # invalid start (should be 01)
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "010203040"),  # missing leading (
+        ("GS1-128", "(" + ("0" * 256)),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(a{D2354AA"),  # second char not between 0-9
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "IT will fail"),  # first char not '('
+    ],
+)
 def test_check_invalid_barcode(bctype, data):
-    assert (not printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data))
+    assert not printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data)
diff --git a/test/test_function_cut.py b/test/test_function_cut.py
index 91e4bb3..75333c2 100644
--- a/test/test_function_cut.py
+++ b/test/test_function_cut.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 import six
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
@@ -9,5 +8,5 @@ def test_cut_without_feed():
     """Test cut without feeding paper"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.cut(feed=False)
-    expected = GS + b'V' + six.int2byte(66) + b'\x00'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = GS + b"V" + six.int2byte(66) + b"\x00"
+    assert instance.output == expected
diff --git a/test/test_function_dummy_clear.py b/test/test_function_dummy_clear.py
index 431eb9a..142a0a8 100644
--- a/test/test_function_dummy_clear.py
+++ b/test/test_function_dummy_clear.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 from nose.tools import assert_raises
 from escpos.printer import Dummy
 
+
 def test_printer_dummy_clear():
     printer = Dummy()
     printer.text("Hello")
     printer.clear()
-    assert(printer.output == b'')
+    assert printer.output == b""
diff --git a/test/test_function_image.py b/test/test_function_image.py
index 28cc830..2f1a3d2 100644
--- a/test/test_function_image.py
+++ b/test/test_function_image.py
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ def test_bit_image_black():
     Test printing solid black bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80"
     # Same thing w/ object created on the fly, rather than a filename
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1), (0, 0, 0))
     instance.image(im, impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_white():
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ def test_bit_image_white():
     Test printing solid white bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_both():
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ def test_bit_image_both():
     Test printing black/white bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_transparent():
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ def test_bit_image_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00"
 
 
 # Column format print
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_black():
     Test printing solid black bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_white():
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_white():
     Test printing solid white bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_both():
@@ -82,8 +82,10 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_both():
     Test printing black/white bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert (
+        instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
+    )
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_transparent():
@@ -91,8 +93,10 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert (
+        instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
+    )
 
 
 # Graphics print
@@ -101,8 +105,11 @@ def test_graphics_black():
     Test printing solid black graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_white():
@@ -110,8 +117,11 @@ def test_graphics_white():
     Test printing solid white graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_both():
@@ -119,8 +129,11 @@ def test_graphics_both():
     Test printing black/white graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_transparent():
@@ -128,8 +141,11 @@ def test_graphics_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_large_graphics():
@@ -137,20 +153,19 @@ def test_large_graphics():
     Test whether 'large' graphics that induce a fragmentation are handled correctly.
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster", fragment_height=1)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\xc0\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00')
+    instance.image(
+        "test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster", fragment_height=1
+    )
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\xc0\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00"
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def dummy_with_width():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.profile.profile_data = {
-        'media': {
-            'width': {
-                'pixels': 384
-            }
-        }
-    }
+    instance.profile.profile_data = {"media": {"width": {"pixels": 384}}}
     return instance
 
 
diff --git a/test/test_function_linedisplay.py b/test/test_function_linedisplay.py
index 6b210a5..e9e53cc 100644
--- a/test/test_function_linedisplay.py
+++ b/test/test_function_linedisplay.py
@@ -15,17 +15,18 @@ def test_function_linedisplay_select_on():
     """test the linedisplay_select function (activate)"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_select(select_display=True)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x3D\x02')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x3D\x02"
+
 
 def test_function_linedisplay_select_off():
     """test the linedisplay_select function (deactivate)"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_select(select_display=False)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x3D\x01')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x3D\x01"
+
 
 def test_function_linedisplay_clear():
     """test the linedisplay_clear function"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_clear()
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x40')
-
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x40"
diff --git a/test/test_function_panel_button.py b/test/test_function_panel_button.py
index 417513f..39529f6 100644
--- a/test/test_function_panel_button.py
+++ b/test/test_function_panel_button.py
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ def test_function_panel_button_on():
     """test the panel button function (enabling) by comparing output"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.panel_buttons()
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x63\x35\x00')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x63\x35\x00"
 
 
 def test_function_panel_button_off():
     """test the panel button function (disabling) by comparing output"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.panel_buttons(False)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x63\x35\x01')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x63\x35\x01"
diff --git a/test/test_function_qr_native.py b/test/test_function_qr_native.py
index fc67bd6..8dfed74 100644
--- a/test/test_function_qr_native.py
+++ b/test/test_function_qr_native.py
@@ -19,42 +19,51 @@ def test_defaults():
     """Test QR code with defaults"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
+
 
 def test_empty():
     """Test QR printing blank code"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("", native=True)
-    assert(instance.output == b'')
+    assert instance.output == b""
 
 
 def test_ec():
     """Test QR error correction setting"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, ec=QR_ECLEVEL_H)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E3\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E3\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 def test_size():
     """Test QR box size"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, size=7)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x07\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x07\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 def test_model():
     """Test QR model"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, model=QR_MODEL_1)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A1\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A1\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 @raises(ValueError)
@@ -84,12 +93,14 @@ def test_image():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1", native=False, size=1)
     print(instance.output)
-    expected = b'\x1bt\x00\n' \
-        b'\x1dv0\x00\x03\x00\x17\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f]\xfcA\x19\x04]it]et' \
-        b']ItA=\x04\x7fU\xfc\x00\x0c\x00y~t4\x7f =\xa84j\xd9\xf0\x05\xd4\x90\x00' \
-        b'i(\x7f<\xa8A \xd8]\'\xc4]y\xf8]E\x80Ar\x94\x7fR@\x00\x00\x00' \
-        b'\n\n'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1bt\x00\n"
+        b"\x1dv0\x00\x03\x00\x17\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f]\xfcA\x19\x04]it]et"
+        b"]ItA=\x04\x7fU\xfc\x00\x0c\x00y~t4\x7f =\xa84j\xd9\xf0\x05\xd4\x90\x00"
+        b"i(\x7f<\xa8A \xd8]'\xc4]y\xf8]E\x80Ar\x94\x7fR@\x00\x00\x00"
+        b"\n\n"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 @raises(ValueError)
diff --git a/test/test_function_qr_non-native.py b/test/test_function_qr_non-native.py
index 804319e..e199e33 100644
--- a/test/test_function_qr_non-native.py
+++ b/test/test_function_qr_non-native.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from escpos.printer import Dummy
 from PIL import Image
 
 
-@mock.patch('escpos.printer.Dummy.image', spec=Dummy)
+@mock.patch("escpos.printer.Dummy.image", spec=Dummy)
 def test_type_of_object_passed_to_image_function(img_function):
     """
     Test the type of object that is passed to the image function during non-native qr-printing.
diff --git a/test/test_function_set.py b/test/test_function_set.py
index 08b1d47..910450e 100644
--- a/test/test_function_set.py
+++ b/test/test_function_set.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 import six
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
@@ -8,41 +7,46 @@ from escpos.constants import TXT_SIZE
 
 # Default test, please copy and paste this block to test set method calls
 
+
 def test_default_values():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set()
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Size tests
 
+
 def test_set_size_2h():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(double_height=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2h'],  # Double height text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2h"],  # Double height text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_2w():
@@ -50,17 +54,18 @@ def test_set_size_2w():
     instance.set(double_width=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2w'],  # Double width text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2w"],  # Double width text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_2x():
@@ -68,17 +73,18 @@ def test_set_size_2x():
     instance.set(double_height=True, double_width=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2x'],  # Double text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2x"],  # Double text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_custom():
@@ -87,55 +93,61 @@ def test_set_size_custom():
 
     expected_sequence = (
         TXT_SIZE,  # Custom text size, no normal reset
-        six.int2byte(TXT_STYLE['width'][8] + TXT_STYLE['height'][7]),
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        six.int2byte(TXT_STYLE["width"][8] + TXT_STYLE["height"][7]),
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Flip
 
+
 def test_set_flip():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(flip=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][True],  # Flip ON
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][True],  # Flip ON
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Smooth
 
+
 def test_smooth():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(smooth=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][True],  # Smooth ON
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][True],  # Smooth ON
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Type
@@ -146,17 +158,18 @@ def test_set_bold():
     instance.set(bold=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][True],  # Bold ON
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][True],  # Bold ON
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_underline():
@@ -164,17 +177,18 @@ def test_set_underline():
     instance.set(underline=1)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][1],  # Underline ON, type 1
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][1],  # Underline ON, type 1
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_underline2():
@@ -182,59 +196,64 @@ def test_set_underline2():
     instance.set(underline=2)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][2],  # Underline ON, type 2
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][2],  # Underline ON, type 2
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Align
 
+
 def test_align_center():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.set(align='center')
+    instance.set(align="center")
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['center'],  # Align center
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["center"],  # Align center
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_align_right():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.set(align='right')
+    instance.set(align="right")
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['right'],  # Align right
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["right"],  # Align right
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Densities
 
+
 def test_densities():
 
     for density in range(8):
@@ -242,35 +261,38 @@ def test_densities():
         instance.set(density=density)
 
         expected_sequence = (
-            TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-            TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-            SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-            TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-            TXT_STYLE['density'][density],  # Custom density from 0 to 8
-            TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+            TXT_NORMAL,
+            TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+            TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+            SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+            TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+            TXT_STYLE["density"][density],  # Custom density from 0 to 8
+            TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
         )
 
-        assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+        assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Invert
 
+
 def test_invert():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(invert=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][True]  # Inverted ON
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][True],  # Inverted ON
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
\ No newline at end of file
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
diff --git a/test/test_function_softbarcode.py b/test/test_function_softbarcode.py
index 78ae5bc..2cbef17 100644
--- a/test/test_function_softbarcode.py
+++ b/test/test_function_softbarcode.py
@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ import pytest
 def instance():
     return printer.Dummy()
 
+
 def test_soft_barcode_ean8_invalid(instance):
     """test with an invalid barcode"""
     with pytest.raises(barcode.errors.BarcodeError):
         instance.soft_barcode("ean8", "1234")
 
+
 def test_soft_barcode_ean8(instance):
     """test with a valid ean8 barcode"""
     instance.soft_barcode("ean8", "1234567")
diff --git a/test/test_function_text.py b/test/test_function_text.py
index 9379902..8308536 100644
--- a/test/test_function_text.py
+++ b/test/test_function_text.py
@@ -16,13 +16,12 @@ from escpos.printer import Dummy
 
 
 def get_printer():
-    return Dummy(magic_encode_args={'disabled': True, 'encoding': 'CP437'})
+    return Dummy(magic_encode_args={"disabled": True, "encoding": "CP437"})
 
 
 @given(text=st.text())
 def test_text(text):
-    """Test that text() calls the MagicEncode object.
-    """
+    """Test that text() calls the MagicEncode object."""
     instance = get_printer()
     instance.magic.write = mock.Mock()
     instance.text(text)
@@ -32,30 +31,32 @@ def test_text(text):
 def test_block_text():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.block_text(
-        "All the presidents men were eating falafel for breakfast.", font='a')
-    assert printer.output == \
-        b'All the presidents men were eating falafel\nfor breakfast.'
+        "All the presidents men were eating falafel for breakfast.", font="a"
+    )
+    assert (
+        printer.output == b"All the presidents men were eating falafel\nfor breakfast."
+    )
 
 
 def test_textln():
     printer = get_printer()
-    printer.textln('hello, world')
-    assert printer.output == b'hello, world\n'
+    printer.textln("hello, world")
+    assert printer.output == b"hello, world\n"
 
 
 def test_textln_empty():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.textln()
-    assert printer.output == b'\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n"
 
 
 def test_ln():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.ln()
-    assert printer.output == b'\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n"
 
 
 def test_multiple_ln():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.ln(3)
-    assert printer.output == b'\n\n\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n\n\n"
diff --git a/test/test_functions.py b/test/test_functions.py
index 96b923a..1b58ca5 100644
--- a/test/test_functions.py
+++ b/test/test_functions.py
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ from escpos.printer import Dummy
 def test_line_spacing_code_gen():
     printer = Dummy()
     printer.line_spacing(10)
-    assert printer.output == b'\x1b3\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\x1b3\n"
 
 
 def test_line_spacing_rest():
     printer = Dummy()
     printer.line_spacing()
-    assert printer.output == b'\x1b2'
+    assert printer.output == b"\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_line_spacing_error_handling():
diff --git a/test/test_image.py b/test/test_image.py
index 4a9e8b0..258e4f1 100644
--- a/test/test_image.py
+++ b/test/test_image.py
@@ -15,57 +15,67 @@ def test_image_black():
     """
     Test rendering solid black image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('canvas_black.' + img_format, 1, 1, b'\x80', [b'\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img("canvas_black." + img_format, 1, 1, b"\x80", [b"\x80"])
 
 
 def test_image_black_transparent():
     """
     Test rendering black/transparent image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('black_transparent.' + img_format, 2, 2, b'\xc0\x00', [b'\x80\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img(
+            "black_transparent." + img_format, 2, 2, b"\xc0\x00", [b"\x80\x80"]
+        )
 
 
 def test_image_black_white():
     """
     Test rendering black/white image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('black_white.' + img_format, 2, 2, b'\xc0\x00', [b'\x80\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img(
+            "black_white." + img_format, 2, 2, b"\xc0\x00", [b"\x80\x80"]
+        )
 
 
 def test_image_white():
     """
     Test rendering solid white image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('canvas_white.' + img_format, 1, 1, b'\x00', [b'\x00'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img("canvas_white." + img_format, 1, 1, b"\x00", [b"\x00"])
 
 
 def test_split():
     """
     test whether the split-function works as expected
     """
-    im = EscposImage('test/resources/black_white.png')
+    im = EscposImage("test/resources/black_white.png")
     (upper_part, lower_part) = im.split(1)
     upper_part = EscposImage(upper_part)
     lower_part = EscposImage(lower_part)
-    assert(upper_part.width == lower_part.width == 2)
-    assert(upper_part.height == lower_part.height == 1)
-    assert(upper_part.to_raster_format() == b'\xc0')
-    assert(lower_part.to_raster_format() == b'\x00')
+    assert upper_part.width == lower_part.width == 2
+    assert upper_part.height == lower_part.height == 1
+    assert upper_part.to_raster_format() == b"\xc0"
+    assert lower_part.to_raster_format() == b"\x00"
 
 
-def _load_and_check_img(filename, width_expected, height_expected, raster_format_expected, column_format_expected):
+def _load_and_check_img(
+    filename,
+    width_expected,
+    height_expected,
+    raster_format_expected,
+    column_format_expected,
+):
     """
     Load an image, and test whether raster & column formatted output, sizes, etc match expectations.
     """
-    im = EscposImage('test/resources/' + filename)
-    assert(im.width == width_expected)
-    assert(im.height == height_expected)
-    assert(im.to_raster_format() == raster_format_expected)
-    i = 0 
+    im = EscposImage("test/resources/" + filename)
+    assert im.width == width_expected
+    assert im.height == height_expected
+    assert im.to_raster_format() == raster_format_expected
+    i = 0
     for row in im.to_column_format(False):
-        assert(row == column_format_expected[i])
+        assert row == column_format_expected[i]
         i += 1
diff --git a/test/test_load_module.py b/test/test_load_module.py
index a14d99c..b5daa70 100644
--- a/test/test_load_module.py
+++ b/test/test_load_module.py
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ import escpos.printer as printer
 def test_instantiation():
     """test the instantiation of a escpos-printer class and basic printing"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.text('This is a test\n')
+    instance.text("This is a test\n")
diff --git a/test/test_magicencode.py b/test/test_magicencode.py
index 10c6171..f45e1f0 100644
--- a/test/test_magicencode.py
+++ b/test/test_magicencode.py
@@ -24,17 +24,17 @@ class TestEncoder:
     """
 
     def test_can_encode(self):
-        assert not Encoder({'CP437': 1}).can_encode('CP437', u'€')
-        assert Encoder({'CP437': 1}).can_encode('CP437', u'á')
-        assert not Encoder({'foobar': 1}).can_encode('foobar', 'a')
+        assert not Encoder({"CP437": 1}).can_encode("CP437", u"€")
+        assert Encoder({"CP437": 1}).can_encode("CP437", u"á")
+        assert not Encoder({"foobar": 1}).can_encode("foobar", "a")
 
     def test_find_suitable_encoding(self):
-        assert not Encoder({'CP437': 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u'€')
-        assert Encoder({'CP858': 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u'€') == 'CP858'
+        assert not Encoder({"CP437": 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u"€")
+        assert Encoder({"CP858": 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u"€") == "CP858"
 
     @raises(ValueError)
     def test_get_encoding(self):
-        Encoder({}).get_encoding_name('latin1')
+        Encoder({}).get_encoding_name("latin1")
 
 
 class TestMagicEncode:
@@ -57,50 +57,50 @@ class TestMagicEncode:
                 MagicEncode(driver, disabled=True)
 
     class TestWriteWithEncoding:
-
         def test_init_from_none(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding=None)
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro."
 
         def test_change_from_another(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP437')
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP437")
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro."
 
         def test_no_change(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP858')
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP858")
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\xd5 ist teuro."
 
     class TestWrite:
-
         def test_write(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver)
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x0f\xa4 ist teuro.'
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x0f\xa4 ist teuro."
 
         def test_write_disabled(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP437', disabled=True)
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'? ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP437", disabled=True)
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"? ist teuro."
 
         def test_write_no_codepage(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(
-                driver, defaultsymbol="_", encoder=Encoder({'CP437': 1}),
-                encoding='CP437')
-            encode.write(u'€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'_ ist teuro.'
+                driver,
+                defaultsymbol="_",
+                encoder=Encoder({"CP437": 1}),
+                encoding="CP437",
+            )
+            encode.write(u"€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"_ ist teuro."
 
     class TestForceEncoding:
-
         def test(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver)
-            encode.force_encoding('CP437')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x00'
+            encode.force_encoding("CP437")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x00"
 
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x00? ist teuro.'
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x00? ist teuro."
 
 
 try:
@@ -119,5 +119,5 @@ class TestKatakana:
         encode_katakana(text)
 
     def test_result(self):
-        assert encode_katakana('カタカナ') == b'\xb6\xc0\xb6\xc5'
-        assert encode_katakana("あいうえお") == b'\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5'
+        assert encode_katakana("カタカナ") == b"\xb6\xc0\xb6\xc5"
+        assert encode_katakana("あいうえお") == b"\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5"
diff --git a/test/test_printer_file.py b/test/test_printer_file.py
index 6cf3c5f..b7c89e4 100644
--- a/test/test_printer_file.py
+++ b/test/test_printer_file.py
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@ from hypothesis.strategies import text
 import escpos.printer as printer
 
 if six.PY3:
-    mock_open_call = 'builtins.open'
+    mock_open_call = "builtins.open"
 else:
-    mock_open_call = '__builtin__.open'
+    mock_open_call = "__builtin__.open"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skip("this test is broken and has to be fixed or discarded")
 @given(path=text())
 def test_load_file_printer(mocker, path):
     """test the loading of the file-printer"""
-    mock_escpos = mocker.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+    mock_escpos = mocker.patch("escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__")
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
     printer.File(devfile=path)
     assert mock_escpos.called
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ def test_load_file_printer(mocker, path):
 @given(txt=text())
 def test_auto_flush(mocker, txt):
     """test auto_flush in file-printer"""
-    mock_escpos = mocker.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+    mock_escpos = mocker.patch("escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__")
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
-    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, "device")
 
     p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
     # inject the mocked device-object
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def test_auto_flush(mocker, txt):
 def test_flush_on_close(mocker, txt):
     """test flush on close in file-printer"""
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
-    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, "device")
 
     p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
     # inject the mocked device-object
diff --git a/test/test_printer_network.py b/test/test_printer_network.py
index 0669653..a1fada1 100644
--- a/test/test_printer_network.py
+++ b/test/test_printer_network.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ def instance():
     socket.socket.connect = mock.Mock()
     return printer.Network("localhost")
 
+
 def test_close_without_open(instance):
     """try to close without opening (should fail gracefully)
 
@@ -20,4 +21,4 @@ def test_close_without_open(instance):
     (if possible, this should not raise)
     """
     instance.close()
-    instance.close()
\ No newline at end of file
+    instance.close()
diff --git a/test/test_profile.py b/test/test_profile.py
index 5f4fa4b..7793cb5 100644
--- a/test/test_profile.py
+++ b/test/test_profile.py
@@ -4,35 +4,33 @@ from escpos.capabilities import get_profile, NotSupported, BARCODE_B, Profile
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def profile():
-    return get_profile('default')
+    return get_profile("default")
 
 
 class TestBaseProfile:
-    """Test the `BaseProfile` class.
-    """
+    """Test the `BaseProfile` class."""
 
     def test_get_font(self, profile):
         with pytest.raises(NotSupported):
-            assert profile.get_font('3')
+            assert profile.get_font("3")
         assert profile.get_font(1) == 1
-        assert profile.get_font('a') == 0
+        assert profile.get_font("a") == 0
 
     def test_supports(self, profile):
-        assert not profile.supports('asdf asdf')
+        assert not profile.supports("asdf asdf")
         assert profile.supports(BARCODE_B)
 
     def test_get_columns(self, profile):
-        assert profile.get_columns('a') > 5
+        assert profile.get_columns("a") > 5
         with pytest.raises(NotSupported):
-            assert profile.get_columns('asdfasdf')
+            assert profile.get_columns("asdfasdf")
 
 
 class TestCustomProfile:
-    """Test custom profile options with the `Profile` class.
-    """
+    """Test custom profile options with the `Profile` class."""
 
     def test_columns(self):
-        assert Profile(columns=10).get_columns('sdfasdf') == 10
+        assert Profile(columns=10).get_columns("sdfasdf") == 10
 
     def test_features(self):
-        assert Profile(features={'foo': True}).supports('foo')
+        assert Profile(features={"foo": True}).supports("foo")
diff --git a/test/test_with_statement.py b/test/test_with_statement.py
index f7a8410..8891d12 100644
--- a/test/test_with_statement.py
+++ b/test/test_with_statement.py
@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ def test_with_statement():
     """Use with statement"""
     dummy_printer = printer.Dummy()
     with escpos.EscposIO(dummy_printer) as p:
-            p.writelines('Some text.\n')
+        p.writelines("Some text.\n")
     # TODO extend these tests as they don't really do anything at the moment