Merge pull request #169 from python-escpos/development

v2.2.0

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ I have:
 <!-- Replace examples with your info -->
  **Printer:** Manufacturer Model XVI
 
+<!-- since version 2.0.1 you can type 'python-escpos version' in your shell.
+Alternatively you could use '__version__' in module escpos. -->
  **python-escpos version:** 0.0.0
 
+ **python version:** 0.0
+
  **operating system:**

.gitignore

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ temp
 build/
 dist/
 .coverage
+src/escpos/version.py
+.hypothesis
 
 # testing temporary directories
 test/test-cli-output/

.travis.yml

@@ -28,8 +28,13 @@ matrix:
   allow_failures:
     - python: 3.5-dev
     - python: nightly
+    - python: pypy3
 before_install:
     - pip install tox codecov
 script:
     - tox
     - codecov
+notifications:
+  email:
+    on_success: never
+    on_failure: change

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,74 @@
 *********
 Changelog
 *********
+2016-08-26 - Version 2.2.0 - "Fate Amenable To Change"
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- fix improper API-use in qrcode()
+- change setup.py shebang to make it compatible with virtualenvs.
+- add constants for sheet mode and colors
+- support changing the linespacing
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Michael Elsdörfer
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2016-08-10 - Version 2.1.3 - "Ethics Gradient"
+----------------------------------------------
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- configure readthedocs and travis
+- update doc with hint on image preprocessing
+- add fix for printing large images (by splitting them into multiple images)
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2016-08-02 - Version 2.1.2 - "Death and Gravity"
+------------------------------------------------
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- fix File-printer: flush after every call of _raw()
+- fix lists in documentation
+- fix CODE128: by adding the control character to the barcode-selection-sequence the barcode became unusable
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2016-08-02 - Version 2.1.1 - "Contents May Differ"
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- rename variable interface in USB-class to timeout
+- add support for hypothesis and move pypy3 to the allowed failures (pypy3 is not supported by hypothesis)
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+- Renato Lorenzi
+
+2016-07-23 - Version 2.1.0 - "But Who's Counting?"
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- packaging: configured the coverage-analysis codecov.io
+- GitHub: improved issues-template
+- documentation: add troubleshooting tip to network-interface
+- the module, cli and documentation is now aware of the version of python-escpos
+- the cli does now support basic tabcompletion
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
 
 2016-06-24 - Version 2.0.0 - "Attitude Adjuster"
 ------------------------------------------------

README.rst

@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ The basic usage is:
 
 .. code:: python
 
-    from escpos import *
+    from escpos.printer import Usb
 
     """ Seiko Epson Corp. Receipt Printer M129 Definitions (EPSON TM-T88IV) """
-    Epson = escpos.Escpos(0x04b8,0x0202,0)
-    Epson.text("Hello World\n")
-    Epson.image("logo.gif")
-    Epson.barcode('1324354657687','EAN13',64,2,'','')
-    Epson.cut()
+    p = Usb(0x04b8,0x0202,0)
+    p.text("Hello World\n")
+    p.image("logo.gif")
+    p.barcode('1324354657687','EAN13',64,2,'','')
+    p.cut()
 
 The full project-documentation is available on `Read the Docs <https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io>`_.
 

codecov.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+codecov:
+  bot: patkan
+
+coverage:
+  status:
+    project:
+      default:  # status context
+        target: auto
+        threshold: "1%"
+    patch:
+      default:
+        target: auto
+        threshold: "1%"
+  range: "60...100"
+
+comment: off
+

doc/conf.py

@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@
 import sys
 import os
 on_rtd = os.getenv('READTHEDOCS') == 'True'
-from setuptools_scm import get_version
+if on_rtd:
+    import escpos
+else:
+    from setuptools_scm import get_version
 
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
@@ -70,10 +73,14 @@ copyright = u'2016, Manuel F Martinez and others'
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
 # built documents.
 #
+if on_rtd:
+    # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
+    release = escpos.__version__
+else:
+    # locally setuptools_scm should work
+    release = get_version(root=root)
 # The short X.Y version.
-version = get_version(root=root)
-# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
-release = version
+version = '.'.join(release.split('.')[:2])  # The short X.Y version.
 
 # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
 # for a list of supported languages.

doc/index.rst

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ Content
    :maxdepth: 1
    :caption: User Documentation
 
-   user/dependencies
    user/installation
    user/methods
    user/printers
    user/raspi
    user/todo
    user/usage
+   user/barcode
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1

doc/user/barcode.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+Printing Barcodes
+-----------------
+:Last Reviewed: 2016-07-31
+
+Most ESC/POS-printers implement barcode-printing.
+The barcode-commandset is implemented in the barcode-method.
+For a list of compatible barcodes you should check the manual of your printer.
+As a rule of thumb: even older Epson-models support most 1D-barcodes.
+To be sure just try some implementations and have a look at the notices below.
+
+barcode-method
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The barcode-method is rather low-level and orients itself on the implementation of ESC/POS.
+In the future this class could be supplemented by a high-level class that helps the user generating the payload.
+
+.. py:currentmodule:: escpos.escpos
+
+.. automethod:: Escpos.barcode
+    :noindex:
+
+CODE128
+~~~~~~~
+Code128 barcodes need a certain format.
+For now the user has to make sure that the payload is correct.
+For alphanumeric CODE128 you have to preface your payload with `{B`.
+
+.. code-block:: Python
+
+   from escpos.printer import Dummy, Serial
+   p = Serial()
+   # print CODE128 012ABCDabcd
+   p.barcode("{B012ABCDabcd", "CODE128", function_type="B")
+
+A very good description on CODE128 is also on `Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_128>`_.

doc/user/dependencies.rst

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-************
-Dependencies
-************
-
-Fedora
-------
-
-Fortunately everything is on Fedora repositories.
-
-::
-
-    # yum install python-imaging pyserial pyusb python-qrcode
-
-Ubuntu
-------
-
-Ultimately, this instructions also apply to Raspbian, in case you are
-interested to install python-escpos on your Raspberry with Raspbian.
-
-Install the packages available on distro repositories.
-
-::
-
-    # apt-get install python-imaging pyserial
-
-The packages which are not available at Ubuntu repositories need to be
-installed manually.
-
-pyusb
-^^^^^
-This is the python binding to libusb-1.0 
-
-* Get the latest tarball from `sourceforge <http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyusb/files/PyUSB%201.0/>`__
-* Build and install it
-
-::
-
-    # tar zxvf pyusb-1.*.tar.gz
-    # cd pyusb-1.*
-    # python setup.py build
-    # sudo python setup.py install
-
-python-qrcode
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-This is the python module to generate QR Codes
-
-* Checkout the latest code from `github <https://github.com/lincolnloop/python-qrcode>`__
-* Build and install it
-
-::
-
-    # git clone https://github.com/lincolnloop/python-qrcode
-    # cd python-qrcode
-    # python setup.py build
-    # sudo python setup.py install
-

doc/user/installation.rst

@@ -2,16 +2,26 @@
 Installation
 ************
 
-System preparation
-------------------
+:Last Reviewed: 2016-07-23
 
-1. Install the required
-   `dependencies <https://github.com/manpaz/python-escpos/wiki/Dependencies>`__
+Installation with PIP
+---------------------
+Installation should be rather straight-forward. python-escpos is on PyPi, so you can simply enter:
 
-2. Get the *Product ID* and *Vendor ID* from the lsusb command
+    ::
+
+        pip install python-escpos
+
+This should install all necessary dependencies. Apart from that python-escpos should also be
+available as a Debian package. If you want to always benefit from the newest stable releases you should probably
+install from PyPi.
+
+Setup udev for USB-Printers
+---------------------------
+1. Get the *Product ID* and *Vendor ID* from the lsusb command
    ``# lsusb  Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1a2b:1a2b Device name``
 
-3. Create a udev rule to let users belonging to *dialout* group use the
+2. Create a udev rule to let users belonging to *dialout* group use the
    printer. You can create the file
    ``/etc/udev/rules.d/99-escpos.rules`` and add the following:
    ``SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a2b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1a2b", MODE="0664", GROUP="dialout"``
@@ -20,21 +30,19 @@ System preparation
    "dialout" group, or use another group you already belongs instead
    "dialout" and set it in the ``GROUP`` parameter in the above rule.
 
-4. Restart udev ``# sudo service udev restart`` In some new systems it
+3. Restart udev ``# sudo service udev restart`` In some new systems it
    is done with ``# sudo udevadm control --reload``
 
-Install
--------
+Enabling tab-completion in CLI
+------------------------------
+python-escpos has a CLI with tab-completion. This is realised with ``argcomplete``.
+In order for this to work you have to enable tab-completion, which is described in
+the `manual of argcomplete <https://argcomplete.readthedocs.io>`__.
 
-* Clone python-escpos from github
-* Change directory to python-escpos and install the package
+If you only want to enable it for python-escpos, or global activation does not work, try this:
 
-   ::
+    ::
 
-       # cd python-escpos
-       # python setup.py build
-       # sudo python setup.py install
-
-* Enjoy !!!
+        eval "$(register-python-argcomplete python-escpos)"
 
 

doc/user/methods.rst

@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ set("align", "font", "type", width, height, invert, smooth, flip)
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Set text properties.
+
 * ``align`` set horizontal position for text, the possible values are:
    
   * CENTER
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ cut("mode")
 ^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Cut paper.
+
 * ``mode`` set a full or partial cut. *Default:* full
 
 **Partial cut is not implemented in all printers.**
@@ -132,6 +134,7 @@ control("align")
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Carrier feed and tabs.
+
 * ``align`` is a string which takes any of the following values:
   
   * LF *for Line Feed*

doc/user/printers.rst

@@ -32,11 +32,25 @@ Network("host", port)
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Based on socket
+
 * ``host`` is an alphanumeric host name, could be either DNS host name or IP address.
 * ``port`` to write to (default = 9100)
 
+Troubleshooting:
+Problems with a network-attached printer can have numerous causes. Make sure that your device has a proper IP address.
+Often you can check the IP address by triggering the self-test of the device. As a next step try to send text
+manually to the device. You could use for example:
+
+.. ::
+
+    echo "OK\n" | nc IPADDRESS 9100
+    # the port number is often 9100
+
+As a last resort try to reset the interface of the printer. This should be described in its manual.
+
 File("file\_name")
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Printcap printers
+
 * ``file_name`` is the full path to the device file name

doc/user/usage.rst

@@ -204,6 +204,37 @@ Here you can download an example, that will print a set of common barcodes:
 
     * :download:`barcode.bin </download/barcode.bin>` by `@mike42 <https://github.com/mike42>`_
 
+Hint: preprocess printing
+-------------------------
+
+Printing images directly to the printer is rather slow.
+One factor that slows down the process is the transmission over e.g. serial port.
+
+Apart from configuring your printer to use the maximum baudrate (in the case of serial-printers), there is not much
+that you can do.
+However you could use the :py:class:`escpos.printer.Dummy`-printer to preprocess your image.
+This is probably best explained by an example:
+
+.. code-block:: Python
+
+   from escpos.printer import Serial, Dummy
+
+   p = Serial()
+   d = Dummy()
+
+   # create ESC/POS for the print job, this should go really fast
+   d.text("This is my image:\n")
+   d.image("funny_cat.png")
+   d.cut()
+
+   # send code to printer
+   p._raw(d.output)
+
+This way you could also store the code in a file and print later.
+You could then for example print the code from another process than your main-program and thus reduce the waiting time.
+(Of course this will not make the printer print faster.)
+
+
 How to update your code for USB printers
 ----------------------------------------
 

readthedocs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+formats:
+  - pdf
+  - epub
+requirements_file: doc/requirements.txt
+python:
+  version: 2
+  setup_py_install: true

setup.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
 import os
 import sys
@@ -45,9 +45,24 @@ class Tox(test_command):
         errno = tox.cmdline(args=args)
         sys.exit(errno)
 
+
+setuptools_scm_template = """\
+# coding: utf-8
+# file generated by setuptools_scm
+# don't change, don't track in version control
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+version = '{version}'
+
+"""
+
+
 setup(
     name='python-escpos',
-    use_scm_version=True,
+    use_scm_version={
+        'write_to': 'src/escpos/version.py',
+        'write_to_template': setuptools_scm_template,
+    },
     url='https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos',
     download_url='https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/archive/master.zip',
     description='Python library to manipulate ESC/POS Printers',
@@ -95,11 +110,13 @@ setup(
         'six',
         'appdirs',
         'pyyaml',
+        'argparse',
+        'argcomplete',
     ],
     setup_requires=[
         'setuptools_scm',
     ],
-    tests_require=['tox', 'nose', 'scripttest'],
+    tests_require=['tox', 'nose', 'scripttest', 'mock', 'hypothesis'],
     cmdclass={'test': Tox},
     entry_points={
         'console_scripts': [

src/escpos/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1,19 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+python-escpos enables you to manipulate escpos-printers
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
 __all__ = ["constants", "escpos", "exceptions", "printer"]
+
+try:
+    from .version import version as __version__  # noqa
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    raise ImportError(
+        'Failed to find (autogenerated) version.py. '
+        'This might be because you are installing from GitHub\'s tarballs, '
+        'use the PyPI ones.'
+    )

src/escpos/cli.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+# PYTHON_ARGCOMPLETE_OK
 """ CLI
 
 This module acts as a command line interface for python-escpos. It mirrors
@@ -14,9 +15,15 @@ from __future__ import print_function
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import argparse
+try:
+    import argcomplete
+except ImportError:
+    # this CLI works nevertheless without argcomplete
+    pass  # noqa
 import sys
 import six
 from . import config
+from . import version
 
 
 # Must be defined before it's used in DEMO_FUNCTIONS
@@ -448,14 +455,17 @@ def main():
     # Allow config file location to be passed
     parser.add_argument(
         '-c', '--config',
-        help='Altnerate path to the configuration file',
+        help='Alternate path to the configuration file',
     )
 
     # Everything interesting runs off of a subparser so we can use the format
     # cli [subparser] -args
     command_subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
         title='ESCPOS Command',
+        dest='parser',
     )
+    # fix inconsistencies in the behaviour of some versions of argparse
+    command_subparsers.required = False   # force 'required' testing
 
     # Build the ESCPOS command arguments
     for command in ESCPOS_COMMANDS:
@@ -491,6 +501,14 @@ def main():
         action='store_true',
     )
 
+    parser_command_version = command_subparsers.add_parser('version',
+                                                           help='Print the version of python-escpos')
+    parser_command_version.set_defaults(version=True)
+
+    # hook in argcomplete
+    if 'argcomplete' in globals():
+        argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
+
     # Get only arguments actually passed
     args_dict = vars(parser.parse_args())
     if not args_dict:
@@ -498,6 +516,12 @@ def main():
         sys.exit()
     command_arguments = dict([k, v] for k, v in six.iteritems(args_dict) if v is not None)
 
+    # If version should be printed, do this, then exit
+    print_version = command_arguments.pop('version', None)
+    if print_version:
+        print(version.version)
+        sys.exit()
+
     # If there was a config path passed, grab it
     config_path = command_arguments.pop('config', None)
 
@@ -511,6 +535,9 @@ def main():
 
     target_command = command_arguments.pop('func')
 
+    # remove helper-argument 'parser' from dict
+    command_arguments.pop('parser', None)
+
     if hasattr(printer, target_command):
         # print command with args
         getattr(printer, target_command)(**command_arguments)

src/escpos/constants.py

@@ -55,11 +55,18 @@ _CUT_PAPER = lambda m: GS + b'V' + m
 PAPER_FULL_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x00')  # Full cut paper
 PAPER_PART_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x01')  # Partial cut paper
 
+# Beep
+BEEP = b'\x07'
+
 # Panel buttons (e.g. the FEED button)
 _PANEL_BUTTON = lambda n: ESC + b'c5' + six.int2byte(n)
 PANEL_BUTTON_ON = _PANEL_BUTTON(0)  # enable all panel buttons
 PANEL_BUTTON_OFF = _PANEL_BUTTON(1)  # disable all panel buttons
 
+# Sheet modes
+SHEET_SLIP_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x04'  # slip paper
+SHEET_ROLL_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x01'  # paper roll
+
 # Text format
 # TODO: Acquire the "ESC/POS Application Programming Guide for Paper Roll
 #       Printers" and tidy up this stuff too.
@@ -101,6 +108,18 @@ TXT_ALIGN_RT   = ESC + b'\x61\x02'  # Right justification
 TXT_INVERT_ON  = GS  + b'\x42\x01'  # Inverse Printing ON
 TXT_INVERT_OFF = GS  + b'\x42\x00'  # Inverse Printing OFF
 
+# Text colors
+TXT_COLOR_BLACK = ESC + b'\x72\x00'  # Default Color
+TXT_COLOR_RED = ESC + b'\x72\x01'    # Alternative Color (Usually Red)
+
+# Spacing
+LINESPACING_RESET = ESC + b'2'
+LINESPACING_FUNCS = {
+  60: ESC + b'A',  # line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
+  360: ESC + b'+', # line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+  180: ESC + b'3', # line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+}
+
 # Char code table
 CHARCODE_PC437  = ESC + b'\x74\x00'  # USA: Standard Europe
 CHARCODE_JIS    = ESC + b'\x74\x01'  # Japanese Katakana
@@ -168,10 +187,7 @@ BARCODE_TYPE_B = {
     'NW7':                         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),
     'CODABAR':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),  # Same as NW7
     'CODE93':                      _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(72),
-    # These are all the same barcode, but using different charcter sets
-    'CODE128A':                    _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73) + b'{A',  # CODE128 character set A
-    'CODE128B':                    _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73) + b'{B',  # CODE128 character set B
-    'CODE128C':                    _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73) + b'{C',  # CODE128 character set C
+    'CODE128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73),
     'GS1-128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(74),
     'GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL': _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(75),
     'GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED':       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(76),

src/escpos/escpos.py

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
         pass
 
-    def image(self, img_source, high_density_vertical=True, high_density_horizontal=True, impl="bitImageRaster"):
+    def image(self, img_source, high_density_vertical=True, high_density_horizontal=True, impl="bitImageRaster",
+              fragment_height=1024):
         """ Print an image
 
         You can select whether the printer should print in high density or not. The default value is high density.
@@ -76,10 +77,21 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :param high_density_vertical: print in high density in vertical direction *default:* True
         :param high_density_horizontal: print in high density in horizontal direction *default:* True
         :param impl: choose image printing mode between `bitImageRaster`, `graphics` or `bitImageColumn`
+        :param fragment_height: Images larger than this will be split into multiple fragments *default:* 1024
 
         """       
         im = EscposImage(img_source)
 
+        if im.height > fragment_height:
+            fragments = im.split(fragment_height)
+            for fragment in fragments:
+                self.image(fragment,
+                           high_density_vertical=high_density_vertical,
+                           high_density_horizontal=high_density_horizontal,
+                           impl=impl,
+                           fragment_height=fragment_height)
+            return
+        
         if impl == "bitImageRaster":
             # GS v 0, raster format bit image
             density_byte = (0 if high_density_horizontal else 1) + (0 if high_density_vertical else 2)
@@ -553,6 +565,35 @@ class Escpos(object):
         else:
             self._raw(TXT_INVERT_OFF)
 
+    def line_spacing(self, spacing=None, divisor=180):
+        """ Set line character spacing.
+
+        If no spacing is given, we reset it to the default.
+
+        There are different commands for setting the line spacing, using
+        a different denominator:
+
+        '+'' line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+        '3' line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+        'A' line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
+
+        Some printers may not support all of them. The most commonly
+        available command (using a divisor of 180) is chosen.
+        """
+        if spacing is None:
+            self._raw(LINESPACING_RESET)
+            return
+
+        if divisor not in LINESPACING_FUNCS:
+            raise ValueError("divisor must be either 360, 180 or 60")
+        if (divisor in [360, 180] \
+                and (not(0 <= spacing <= 255))):
+            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 255 when divisor is 360 or 180")
+        if divisor == 60 and (not(0 <= spacing <= 85)):
+            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 85 when divisor is 60")
+
+        self._raw(LINESPACING_FUNCS[divisor] + six.int2byte(spacing))
+
     def cut(self, mode=''):
         """ Cut paper.
 

src/escpos/image.py

@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ This module contains the image format handler :py:class:`EscposImage`.
 :license: GNU GPL v3
 """
 
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import math
 from PIL import Image, ImageOps
 
 
@@ -30,6 +36,9 @@ class EscposImage(object):
         else:
             img_original = Image.open(img_source)
 
+        # store image for eventual further processing (splitting)
+        self.img_original = img_original
+
         # Convert to white RGB background, paste over white background
         # to strip alpha.
         img_original = img_original.convert('RGBA')
@@ -88,3 +97,21 @@ class EscposImage(object):
         Convert image to raster-format binary
         """
         return self._im.tobytes()
+
+    def split(self, fragment_height):
+        """
+        Split an image into multiple fragments after fragment_height pixels
+
+        :param fragment_height: height of fragment
+        :return: list of PIL objects
+        """
+        passes = int(math.ceil(self.height/fragment_height))
+        fragments = []
+        for n in range(0, passes):
+            left = 0
+            right = self.width
+            upper = n * fragment_height
+            lower = min((n + 1) * fragment_height, self.height)
+            box = (left, upper, right, lower)
+            fragments.append(self.img_original.crop(box))
+        return fragments

src/escpos/printer.py

@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, interface=0, in_ep=0x82, out_ep=0x01, *args, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, timeout=0, in_ep=0x82, out_ep=0x01, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         :param idVendor: Vendor ID
         :param idProduct: Product ID
-        :param interface: USB device interface
+        :param timeout: Is the time limit of the USB operation. Default without timeout.
         :param in_ep: Input end point
         :param out_ep: Output end point
         """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
         self.idVendor = idVendor
         self.idProduct = idProduct
-        self.interface = interface
+        self.timeout = timeout
         self.in_ep = in_ep
         self.out_ep = out_ep
         self.open()
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
         """
-        self.device.write(self.out_ep, msg, self.interface)
+        self.device.write(self.out_ep, msg, self.timeout)
 
     def close(self):
         """ Release USB interface """
@@ -229,13 +229,15 @@ class File(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, devfile="/dev/usb/lp0", *args, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, devfile="/dev/usb/lp0", auto_flush=True, *args, **kwargs):
         """
 
         :param devfile : Device file under dev filesystem
+        :param auto_flush: automatically call flush after every call of _raw()
         """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
         self.devfile = devfile
+        self.auto_flush = auto_flush
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
@@ -256,6 +258,8 @@ class File(Escpos):
         :type msg: bytes
         """
         self.device.write(msg)
+        if self.auto_flush:
+            self.flush()
 
     def close(self):
         """ Close system file """

test/test_cli.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import os
 import sys
 from scripttest import TestFileEnvironment
 from nose.tools import assert_equals
+import escpos
 
 TEST_DIR = os.path.abspath('test/test-cli-output')
 
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ printer:
 )
 
 
-class TestCLI:
+class TestCLI():
     """ Contains setups, teardowns, and tests for CLI
     """
 
@@ -60,8 +61,7 @@ class TestCLI:
         )
 
         self.default_args = (
-            sys.executable,
-            '-mescpos.cli',
+            'python-escpos',
             '-c',
             CONFIGFILE,
         )
@@ -79,10 +79,16 @@ class TestCLI:
 
     def test_cli_help(self):
         """ Test getting help from cli """
-        result = self.env.run(sys.executable, '-mescpos.cli', '-h')
+        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', '-h')
         assert not result.stderr
         assert 'usage' in result.stdout
 
+    def test_cli_version(self):
+        """ Test the version string """
+        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', 'version')
+        assert not result.stderr
+        assert_equals(escpos.__version__, result.stdout.strip())
+
     def test_cli_text(self):
         """ Make sure text returns what we sent it """
         test_text = 'this is some text'

test/test_function_image.py

@@ -130,3 +130,12 @@ def test_graphics_transparent():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="graphics")
     assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+
+
+def test_large_graphics():
+    """
+    Test whether 'large' graphics that induce a fragmentation are handled correctly.
+    """
+    instance = printer.Dummy()
+    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster", fragment_height=1)
+    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\xc0\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00')

test/test_function_qr_non-native.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""tests for the non-native part of qr()
+
+:author: `Patrick Kanzler <patrick.kanzler@fablab.fau.de>`_
+:organization: `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:copyright: Copyright (c) 2016 `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:license: GNU GPL v3
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import mock
+
+from escpos.printer import Dummy
+from PIL import Image
+
+
+@mock.patch('escpos.printer.Dummy.image', spec=Dummy)
+def test_type_of_object_passed_to_image_function(img_function):
+    """
+    Test the type of object that is passed to the image function during non-native qr-printing.
+
+    The type should be PIL.Image
+    """
+    d = Dummy()
+    d.qr("LoremIpsum")
+    args, kwargs = img_function.call_args
+    assert isinstance(args[0], Image.Image)

test/test_functions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from nose.tools import assert_raises
+from escpos.printer import Dummy
+
+
+def test_line_spacing_code_gen():
+    printer = Dummy()
+    printer.line_spacing(10)
+    assert printer.output == b'\x1b3\n'
+
+
+def test_line_spacing_rest():
+    printer = Dummy()
+    printer.line_spacing()
+    assert printer.output == b'\x1b2'
+
+
+def test_line_spacing_error_handling():
+    printer = Dummy()
+    with assert_raises(ValueError):
+      printer.line_spacing(99, divisor=44)
+    with assert_raises(ValueError):
+      printer.line_spacing(divisor=80, spacing=86)
+    with assert_raises(ValueError):
+      printer.line_spacing(divisor=360, spacing=256)
+    with assert_raises(ValueError):
+      printer.line_spacing(divisor=180, spacing=256)

test/test_image.py

@@ -43,6 +43,20 @@ def test_image_white():
         _load_and_check_img('canvas_white.' + img_format, 1, 1, b'\x00', [b'\x00'])
 
 
+def test_split():
+    """
+    test whether the split-function works as expected
+    """
+    im = EscposImage('test/resources/black_white.png')
+    (upper_part, lower_part) = im.split(1)
+    upper_part = EscposImage(upper_part)
+    lower_part = EscposImage(lower_part)
+    assert(upper_part.width == lower_part.width == 2)
+    assert(upper_part.height == lower_part.height == 1)
+    assert(upper_part.to_raster_format() == b'\xc0')
+    assert(lower_part.to_raster_format() == b'\x00')
+
+
 def _load_and_check_img(filename, width_expected, height_expected, raster_format_expected, column_format_expected):
     """
     Load an image, and test whether raster & column formatted output, sizes, etc match expectations.

test/test_printer_file.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""tests for the File printer
+
+:author: `Patrick Kanzler <patrick.kanzler@fablab.fau.de>`_
+:organization: `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:copyright: Copyright (c) 2016 `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:license: GNU GPL v3
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import six
+
+import mock
+from hypothesis import given
+from hypothesis.strategies import text
+
+import escpos.printer as printer
+
+if six.PY3:
+    mock_open_call = 'builtins.open'
+else:
+    mock_open_call = '__builtin__.open'
+
+@given(path=text())
+@mock.patch(mock_open_call)
+@mock.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+def test_load_file_printer(mock_escpos, mock_open, path):
+    """test the loading of the file-printer"""
+    printer.File(devfile=path)
+    assert mock_escpos.called
+    mock_open.assert_called_with(path, "wb")
+
+
+@given(txt=text())
+@mock.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+@mock.patch(mock_open_call)
+@mock.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+def test_auto_flush(mock_escpos, mock_open, mock_device, txt):
+    """test auto_flush in file-printer"""
+    p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
+    # inject the mocked device-object
+    p.device = mock_device
+    p._raw(txt)
+    assert not mock_device.flush.called
+    mock_device.reset_mock()
+    p = printer.File(auto_flush=True)
+    # inject the mocked device-object
+    p.device = mock_device
+    p._raw(txt)
+    assert mock_device.flush.called
+
+
+@given(txt=text())
+@mock.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+@mock.patch(mock_open_call)
+def test_flush_on_close(mock_open, mock_device, txt):
+    """test flush on close in file-printer"""
+    p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
+    # inject the mocked device-object
+    p.device = mock_device
+    p._raw(txt)
+    assert not mock_device.flush.called
+    p.close()
+    assert mock_device.flush.called
+    assert mock_device.close.called

tox.ini

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ envlist = py27, py34, py35, docs
 deps = nose
        coverage
        scripttest
+       mock
+       hypothesis
 commands = nosetests --with-coverage --cover-erase --cover-branches
 
 [testenv:docs]