add changelog (#516)

* disable git checkout head²

* update pull request template

* add importlib metadata to requirements for doc build

* update capabilities data

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-### Contributor checklist
-<!-- mark with x between the brackets -->
-- [ ] I have read the CONTRIBUTING.rst
-- [ ] I have tested my contribution on these devices:
- * e.g. Epson TM-T88II
-- [ ] My contribution is ready to be merged as is
-
-----------
-
 ### Description
+
+
+### Tested with
+_If applicable, please describe with which device you have tested._

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# To get started with Dependabot version updates, you'll need to specify which
+# package ecosystems to update and where the package manifests are located.
+# Please see the documentation for all configuration options:
+# https://help.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/configuration-options-for-dependency-updates
+
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "pip" # See documentation for possible values
+    directory: "/" # Location of package manifests
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
+    directory: "/doc"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+  - package-ecosystem: "gitsubmodule"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"

.github/workflows/black.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: Lint (Black code style)
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  black-code-style:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: psf/black@stable
+        with:
+          version: "23.3.0"
+

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# For most projects, this workflow file will not need changing; you simply need
+# to commit it to your repository.
+#
+# You may wish to alter this file to override the set of languages analyzed,
+# or to provide custom queries or build logic.
+name: "CodeQL"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [master]
+  pull_request:
+    # The branches below must be a subset of the branches above
+    branches: [master]
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 1 * * 5'
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # Override automatic language detection by changing the below list
+        # Supported options are ['csharp', 'cpp', 'go', 'java', 'javascript', 'python']
+        language: ['python']
+        # Learn more...
+        # https://docs.github.com/en/github/finding-security-vulnerabilities-and-errors-in-your-code/configuring-code-scanning#overriding-automatic-language-detection
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # We must fetch at least the immediate parents so that if this is
+        # a pull request then we can checkout the head.
+        fetch-depth: 2
+
+    # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
+      with:
+        languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
+        # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
+        # By default, queries listed here will override any specified in a config file.
+        # Prefix the list here with "+" to use these queries and those in the config file.
+        # queries: ./path/to/local/query, your-org/your-repo/queries@main
+
+    # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
+    # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
+    - name: Autobuild
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v2
+
+    # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
+    # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
+
+    # ✏️ If the Autobuild fails above, remove it and uncomment the following three lines
+    #    and modify them (or add more) to build your code if your project
+    #    uses a compiled language
+
+    #- run: |
+    #   make bootstrap
+    #   make release
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2

.github/workflows/documentation.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# This is a basic workflow to help you get started with Actions
+
+name: Documentation build
+
+# Controls when the action will run. Triggers the workflow on push or pull request
+# events but only for the master branch
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ master ]
+
+# A workflow run is made up of one or more jobs that can run sequentially or in parallel
+jobs:
+  # This workflow contains a single job called "docs"
+  docs:
+    # The type of runner that the job will run on
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    # Steps represent a sequence of tasks that will be executed as part of the job
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: 'recursive'
+      - name: Install packages
+        run:
+          sudo apt-get update -y &&
+          sudo apt-get install -y git python3-sphinx graphviz libenchant-2-2 &&
+          sudo apt-get install -y gcc libcups2-dev python3-dev python3-setuptools &&
+          sudo pip install tox pycups
+      - name: Test doc build
+        run: tox -e docs

.github/workflows/pythonpackage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# This workflow will install Python dependencies, run tests and lint with a variety of Python versions
+# For more information see: https://help.github.com/actions/language-and-framework-guides/using-python-with-github-actions
+
+name: Python package
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ master ]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ['3.7', '3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.11']
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        submodules: 'recursive'
+    - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4.6.0
+      with:
+        python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: |
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+        pip install flake8 pytest tox tox-gh-actions
+        if [ -f requirements.txt ]; then pip install -r requirements.txt; fi
+    - name: Lint with flake8
+      run: |
+        # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
+        flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
+        # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
+        flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+    - name: Test with tox
+      run: |
+        tox
+      env:
+        ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE: /home/runner/work/python-escpos/python-escpos/capabilities-data/dist/capabilities.json

.gitignore

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ $~
 .idea/
 .directory
 .cache/
+settings.json
 
 # temporary data
 temp
@@ -20,6 +21,10 @@ dist/
 .coverage
 src/escpos/version.py
 .hypothesis
+.pytest_cache/
+
+# pyenv
+.python-version
 
 # testing temporary directories
 test/test-cli-output/
@@ -28,3 +33,10 @@ test/test-cli-output/
 *.swp
 *.swn
 *.swo
+
+# vscode
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/settings.json
+!.vscode/tasks.json
+!.vscode/launch.json
+!.vscode/extensions.json

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 [submodule "capabilities-data"]
 	path = capabilities-data
 	url = https://github.com/receipt-print-hq/escpos-printer-db.git
+	branch = master

.mailmap

@@ -8,4 +8,12 @@ Cody (Quantified Code Bot) <cody@quantifiedcode.com> Cody <cody@quantifiedcode.c
 Renato Lorenzi <renato.lorenzi@senior.com.br>        Renato.Lorenzi <renato.lorenzi@senior.com.br>
 Ahmed Tahri <nyuubi.10@gmail.com>                    TAHRI Ahmed <nyuubi.10@gmail.com>
 Michael Elsdörfer <michael@elsdoerfer.com>           Michael Elsdörfer <michael@elsdoerfer.info>
+Juanmi Taboada <juanmi@juanmitaboada.com>            Juanmi Taboada <juanmi@juanmitaboada.com>
 csoft2k <csoft2k@hotmail.com>
+Sergio Pulgarin <sergio.pulgarin@gmail.com>
+reck31 <rakesh.gunduka@gmail.com>
+Alex Debiasio <alex.debiasio@thinkin.io>             <alex.debiasio@studenti.unitn.it>
+白月秋见心 <ourweijiang@gmail.com>
+Maximilian Wagenbach <maximilian.wagenbach@native-instruments.de>
+<belono@users.noreply.github.com>                    <tiotil.lindeman@gmail.com>
+belono <belono@users.noreply.github.com>             Benito López <belono@users.noreply.github.com>

.travis.yml

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-language: python
-sudo: false
-cache: pip
-git:
-  depth: 100000
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-      - graphviz
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - python: 2.7
-      env: TOXENV=py27
-    - python: 3.3
-      env: TOXENV=py33
-    - python: 3.4
-      env: TOXENV=py34
-    - python: 3.5
-      env: TOXENV=py35
-    - python: 3.6
-      env: TOXENV=py36
-    - python: 3.6-dev
-      env: TOXENV=py36
-    - python: nightly
-      env: TOXENV=py37
-    - python: pypy
-      env: TOXENV=pypy
-    - python: pypy3
-      env: TOXENV=pypy3
-    - python: 2.7
-      env: TOXENV=docs
-    - python: 2.7
-      env: TOXENV=flake8
-    - python: 3.6
-      env: TOXENV=flake8
-  allow_failures:
-    - python: 3.6-dev
-    - python: nightly
-    - python: pypy3
-before_install:
-    - pip install tox codecov 'sphinx>=1.5.1'
-    - ./doc/generate_authors.sh --check
-script:
-    - tox
-    - codecov
-notifications:
-  email:
-    on_success: never
-    on_failure: change
-deploy:
-# Github deployment
-  - provider: releases
-    api_key:
-      secure: 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
-    file: .tox/dist/python-escpos*.zip
-    file_glob: true
-    skip_cleanup: true
-    on:
-      tags: true
-      repo: python-escpos/python-escpos
-      branch: master
-      condition: $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.5"

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "esbonio.sphinx.confDir": "${workspaceFolder}/doc",
+  "files.watcherExclude": {
+    "**/.git/objects/**": true,
+    "**/.git/subtree-cache/**": true,
+    "**/node_modules/*/**": true,
+    "**/.eggs/**": true,
+    "**/.hypothesis/**": true,
+    "**/.tox/**": true,
+  },
+  "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+  "editor.formatOnPaste": true,
+  "python.formatting.provider": "black",
+}

.vscode/tasks.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
+    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [
+        {
+            "label": "test with tox",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "tox",
+            "group": {
+                "kind": "test",
+                "isDefault": true
+              }
+        }
+    ]
+}

AUTHORS

@@ -1,28 +1,48 @@
 Ahmed Tahri
+akeonly
+Alejandro Hernández
+Alexander Bougakov
+Alex Debiasio
 Asuki Kono
 belono
+B. Howell
+Brian
 Christoph Heuel
 Cody (Quantified Code Bot)
 csoft2k
 Curtis // mashedkeyboard
 Davis Goglin
 Dean Rispin
+dependabot[bot]
 Dmytro Katyukha
+Gerard Marull-Paretas
 Hark
 Joel Lehtonen
+Justin Vieira
+kennedy
 Kristi
 ldos
+Lucy Linder
 Manuel F Martinez
+Mathieu Poussin
+Maximilian Wagenbach
 Michael Billington
 Michael Elsdörfer
 mrwunderbar666
 Nathan Bookham
+Omer Akram
 Patrick Kanzler
+primax79
 Qian Linfeng
+Ramon Poca
+reck31
 Renato Lorenzi
 Romain Porte
 Sam Cheng
+Sergio Pulgarin
 Stephan Sokolow
 Thijs Triemstra
 Thomas van den Berg
+Yaisel Hurtado
 ysuolmai
+白月秋见心

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,156 @@
 *********
 Changelog
 *********
+2023-05-11 - Version 3.0a9 - "Pride Comes Before A Fall"
+--------------------------------------------------------
+This release is the 10th alpha release of the new version 3.0.
+After three years hiatus, a new release is in work in order to
+finally get a version 3.0 out.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- Include support for CUPS based printer interfaces
+- Move the build toolchain to GitHub
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- belono
+- brendanhowell
+- AlexandroJaez
+- NullYing
+- kedare
+- Foaly
+- patkan
+- and others
+
+2020-05-12 - Version 3.0a8 - "Only Slightly Bent"
+-------------------------------------------------
+This release is the ninth alpha release of the new version 3.0.
+Please be aware that the API is subject to change until v3.0 is
+released.
+
+This release drops support for Python 2, requiring at least
+version 3.5 of Python.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- Drop support for Python 2 and mark in setuptools as only supporting 3.5 and upwards
+- remove landscape.io badge
+- replace viivakoodi with python-barcode which is maintained
+- add configuration for Visual Studio Code
+- use pkg_resources for the retrieval of the capabilities.json
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Romain Porte
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2020-05-09 - Version 3.0a7 - "No Fixed Abode"
+---------------------------------------------
+This release is the eight alpha release of the new version 3.0.
+Please be aware that the API is subject to change until v3.0
+is released.
+
+This release also marks the point at which the project transitioned
+to having only a master-branch (and not an additional development branch).
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- add Exception for NotImplementedError in detach_kernel_driver
+- update installation information
+- update and improve documentation
+- add error handling to image centering flag
+- update and fix tox and CI environment, preparing drop of support for Python 2
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Alexander Bougakov
+- Brian
+- Yaisel Hurtado
+- Maximilan Wagenbach
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2019-06-19 - Version 3.0a6 - "Mistake not..."
+---------------------------------------------
+This release is the seventh alpha release of the new version 3.0.
+Please be aware that the API is subject to change until v3.0 is
+released.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- fix inclusion of the capabilities-file
+- execute CI jobs also on Windows and macOS-targets
+- improve documentation
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+
+2019-06-16 - Version 3.0a5 - "Lightly Seared On The Reality Grill"
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+This release is the sixth alpha release of the new version 3.0. Please
+be aware that the API is subject to change until v3.0 is released.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- allow arbitrary USB arguments in USB-class
+- add Win32Raw-Printer on Windows-platforms
+- add and improve Windows support of USB-class
+- use pyyaml safe_load()
+- improve doc
+- implement _read method of Network printer class
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+- Gerard Marull-Paretas
+- Ramon Poca
+- akeonly
+- Omer Akram
+- Justin Vieira
+
+2018-05-15 - Version 3.0a4 - "Kakistocrat"
+------------------------------------------
+This release is the fifth alpha release of the new version 3.0. Please
+be aware that the API will still change until v3.0 is released.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- raise exception when TypeError occurs in cashdraw (#268)
+- Feature/clear content in dummy printer (#271)
+- fix is_online() (#282)
+- improve documentation
+- Modified submodule to always pull from master branch (#283)
+- parameter for implementation of nonnative qrcode (#289)
+- improve platform independence (#296)
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Christoph Heuel
+- Patrick Kanzler
+- kennedy
+- primax79
+- reck31
+- Thijs Triemstra
+
+2017-10-08 - Version 3.0a3 - "Just Testing"
+-------------------------------------------
+This release is the fourth alpha release of the new version 3.0. Please
+be aware that the API will still change until v3.0 is released.
+
+changes
+^^^^^^^
+- minor changes in documentation, tests and examples
+- pickle capabilities for faster startup
+- first implementation of centering images and QR
+- check barcodes based on regex
+
+contributors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- Patrick Kanzler
+- Lucy Linder
+- Romain Porte
+- Sergio Pulgarin
 
 2017-08-04 - Version 3.0a2 - "It's My Party And I'll Sing If I Want To"
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ In order to reduce the amount of work for everyone please try to adhere to good
 
 The pull requests and issues will be prefilled with templates. Please fill in your information where applicable.
 
-This project uses `semantic versioning <http://semver.org/>`_ and tries to adhere to the proposed rules as
+This project uses `semantic versioning <https://semver.org/>`_ and tries to adhere to the proposed rules as
 well as possible.
 
 Author-list
@@ -20,45 +20,26 @@ When contributing the first time, please include a commit with the output of thi
 Otherwise the integration-check will fail.
 
 When you change your username or mail-address, please also update the `.mailmap` and the authors-list.
+You can find a good documentation on the mapping-feature in the `documentation of git-shortlog <https://git-scm.com/docs/git-shortlog#_mapping_authors>`_.
 
 Style-Guide
 -----------
 
 When writing code please try to stick to these rules.
 
-Python 2 and 3
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-We have rewritten the code in order to maintain compatibility with both Python 2 and Python 3.
-In order to ensure that we do not miss any accidental degradation, please add these imports to the top
-of every file of code:
-
-.. code-block:: Python
-
-  from __future__ import absolute_import
-  from __future__ import division
-  from __future__ import print_function
-  from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
-Furthermore please be aware of the differences between Python 2 and 3. For
-example `this guide <https://docs.python.org/3/howto/pyporting.html>`_ is helpful.
-Special care has to be taken when dealing with strings and byte-strings. Please note
-that the :py:meth:`~escpos.escpos.Escpos._raw`-method only accepts byte-strings.
-Often you can achieve compatibility quite easily with a tool from the `six`-package.
-
 PEP8
 ^^^^
-This is not yet consequently done in every piece of code, but please try to ensure
-that your code honors PEP8.
-The checks by Landscape and QuantifiedCode that run on every PR will provide you with hints.
+The entire codebase adheres to the rules of PEP8.
+These rules are enforced by running `flake8` in the integration-checks.
+Please adhere to these rules as your contribution can only be merged if the check succeeds.
+You can use flake8 or similar tools locally in order to check your code.
+Apart from that the travis-log and the check by Landscape will provide you with hints.
 
 GIT
 ^^^
-The master-branch contains code that has been released to PyPi. A release is marked with a tag
-corresponding to the version. Issues are closed when they have been resolved in the development-branch.
-
-When you have a change to make, begin by creating a new branch from the HEAD of `python-escpos/development`.
-Name your branch to indicate what you are trying to achieve. Good branch names might
-be `improve/text-handling`, `feature/enable-color-printing`.
+The master-branch contains the main development of the project. A release to PyPi is marked with a tag
+corresponding to the version. Issues are closed when they have been resolved by merging into the master-branch.
+When you have a change to make, begin by creating a new branch from the HEAD of `python-escpos/master`.
 
 Please try to group your commits into logical units. If you need to tidy up your branch, you can make use of a
 git feature called an 'interactive rebase' before making a pull request. A small, self-contained change-set is
@@ -81,7 +62,7 @@ You can copy the structure from other testcases. Please remember to adapt the do
 Further reading
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 For further best practices and hints on contributing please see the
-`contribution-guide <http://www.contribution-guide.org/>`_. Should there be any contradictions between this guide
+`contribution-guide <https://www.contribution-guide.org/>`_. Should there be any contradictions between this guide
 and the linked one, please stick to this text.
 Aside from that feel free to create an issue or write an email if anything is unclear.
 

INSTALL

@@ -1,23 +1,10 @@
 python-escpos
 =============
 
-Ensure the library is installed on ${lib_arch}/${python_ver}/site-packages/escpos
+This library is available over pypi. So for most of the use-cases it should be sufficient to run
 
-On CLi you must run:
-# python setup.py build
-# sudo python setup.py install
+```
+pip install python-escpos --user  # add --pre if you want to install pre-releases
+```
 
-On Linux, ensure you belongs to the proper group so you can have access to the printer.
-This can be done, by adding yourself to 'dialout' group, this might require to re-login
-so the changes make effect.
-
-Then, add the following rule to /etc/udev/rules.d/99-escpos.rules
-SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04b8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0202", MODE="0664", GROUP="dialout"
-
-and restar udev rules.
-# sudo service udev restart
-
-Enjoy !!!
-And please, don't forget to ALWAYS add Epson.cut() at the end of your printing :)
-
-Manuel F Martinez <manpaz@bashlinux.com>
+For more information please read the documentation at https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/installation.html

MANIFEST.in

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 include *.rst
 include *.txt
-include COPYING
 include LICENSE
 include INSTALL
 include tox.ini
 include capabilities-data/dist/capabilities.json
+include src/escpos/capabilities.json
 recursive-include doc *.bat
 recursive-include doc *.ico
 recursive-include doc *.py

README.rst

@@ -6,16 +6,12 @@ python-escpos - Python library to manipulate ESC/POS Printers
     :target: https://travis-ci.org/python-escpos/python-escpos
     :alt: Continous Integration
 
-.. image:: https://landscape.io/github/python-escpos/python-escpos/master/landscape.svg?style=flat
-    :target: https://landscape.io/github/python-escpos/python-escpos/master
-    :alt: Code Health
-
 .. image:: https://codecov.io/github/python-escpos/python-escpos/coverage.svg?branch=master
     :target: https://codecov.io/github/python-escpos/python-escpos?branch=master
     :alt: Code Coverage
 
-.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/python-escpos/badge/?version=stable
-    :target: http://python-escpos.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=stable
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/python-escpos/badge/?version=latest
+    :target: https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
     :alt: Documentation Status
 
 
@@ -47,7 +43,7 @@ This library makes use of:
 * `Pillow <https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow>`_ for image printing
 * `qrcode <https://github.com/lincolnloop/python-qrcode>`_ for the generation of QR-codes
 * `pyserial <https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial>`_ for serial printers
-* `viivakoodi <https://github.com/kxepal/viivakoodi>`_ for the generation of barcodes
+* `python-barcode <https://github.com/WhyNotHugo/python-barcode>`_ for the generation of barcodes
 
 Documentation and Usage
 -----------------------
@@ -65,9 +61,48 @@ The basic usage is:
     p.barcode('1324354657687', 'EAN13', 64, 2, '', '')
     p.cut()
 
+
+Another example based on the Network printer class:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    from escpos.printer import Network
+
+    kitchen = Network("192.168.1.100") #Printer IP Address
+    kitchen.text("Hello World\n")
+    kitchen.barcode('1324354657687', 'EAN13', 64, 2, '', '')
+    kitchen.cut()
+
+Another example based on the Serial printer class:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    from escpos.printer import Serial
+
+    """ 9600 Baud, 8N1, Flow Control Enabled """
+    p = Serial(devfile='/dev/tty.usbserial',
+               baudrate=9600,
+               bytesize=8,
+               parity='N',
+               stopbits=1,
+               timeout=1.00,
+               dsrdtr=True)
+
+    p.text("Hello World\n")
+    p.qr("You can readme from your smartphone")
+    p.cut()
+
+
 The full project-documentation is available on `Read the Docs <https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io>`_.
 
 Contributing
 ------------
 
-This project is open for any contribution! Please see CONTRIBUTING.rst for more information.
+This project is open for any contribution! Please see `CONTRIBUTING.rst <https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io/en/latest/dev/contributing.html>`_ for more information.
+
+
+Disclaimer
+----------
+
+None of the vendors cited in this project agree or endorse any of the patterns or implementations.
+Its names are used only to maintain context.

codecov.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@ codecov:
 
 coverage:
   status:
-    project:
-      default:  # status context
-        target: auto
-        threshold: "1%"
+    project: off
+    patch: off
+    changes: off
   range: "60...100"
 
 comment: off

doc/Makefile

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ BUILDDIR      = _build
 
 # User-friendly check for sphinx-build
 ifeq ($(shell which $(SPHINXBUILD) >/dev/null 2>&1; echo $$?), 1)
-$(error The '$(SPHINXBUILD)' command was not found. Make sure you have Sphinx installed, then set the SPHINXBUILD environment variable to point to the full path of the '$(SPHINXBUILD)' executable. Alternatively you can add the directory with the executable to your PATH. If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from http://sphinx-doc.org/)
+$(error The '$(SPHINXBUILD)' command was not found. Make sure you have Sphinx installed, then set the SPHINXBUILD environment variable to point to the full path of the '$(SPHINXBUILD)' executable. Alternatively you can add the directory with the executable to your PATH. If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from https://sphinx-doc.org/)
 endif
 
 # Internal variables.
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ALLSPHINXOPTS   = -d $(BUILDDIR)/doctrees $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) .
 # the i18n builder cannot share the environment and doctrees with the others
 I18NSPHINXOPTS  = $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) .
 
-.PHONY: help clean html dirhtml singlehtml pickle json htmlhelp qthelp devhelp epub latex latexpdf text man changes linkcheck doctest gettext
+.PHONY: help clean html dirhtml singlehtml pickle json htmlhelp qthelp devhelp epub latex latexpdf text man changes linkcheck doctest gettext spelling
 
 help:
 	@echo "Please use \`make <target>' where <target> is one of"
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ help:
 	@echo "  pseudoxml  to make pseudoxml-XML files for display purposes"
 	@echo "  linkcheck  to check all external links for integrity"
 	@echo "  doctest    to run all doctests embedded in the documentation (if enabled)"
+	@echo "  spelling   to run the spellchecker"
 
 clean:
 	rm -rf $(BUILDDIR)/*
@@ -175,3 +176,8 @@ pseudoxml:
 	$(SPHINXBUILD) -b pseudoxml $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/pseudoxml
 	@echo
 	@echo "Build finished. The pseudo-XML files are in $(BUILDDIR)/pseudoxml."
+
+spelling:
+	$(SPHINXBUILD) -b spelling $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/spelling
+	@echo
+	@echo "Spellchecker finished."

doc/conf.py

@@ -14,111 +14,106 @@
 
 import sys
 import os
-on_rtd = os.getenv('READTHEDOCS') == 'True'
-if on_rtd:
-    import escpos
-else:
-    from setuptools_scm import get_version
+
+from importlib.metadata import version as imp_version
+
+on_rtd = os.getenv("READTHEDOCS") == "True"
 
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
 # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../src'))
-root = os.path.relpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath("../src"))
+root = os.path.relpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), ".."))
 
 # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
 
 # If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
-#needs_sphinx = '1.0'
+# needs_sphinx = '1.0'
 
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
 # ones.
 extensions = [
-    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
-    'sphinx.ext.doctest',
-    'sphinx.ext.todo',
-    'sphinx.ext.coverage',
-    'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
-    'sphinx.ext.todo',
-    'sphinx.ext.graphviz',
-    'sphinx.ext.inheritance_diagram',
+    "sphinx.ext.autodoc",
+    "sphinx.ext.doctest",
+    "sphinx.ext.todo",
+    "sphinx.ext.coverage",
+    "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
+    "sphinx.ext.todo",
+    "sphinx.ext.graphviz",
+    "sphinx.ext.inheritance_diagram",
+    "sphinxcontrib.spelling",
 ]
 
 # supress warnings for external images
 suppress_warnings = [
-    'image.nonlocal_uri',
+    "image.nonlocal_uri",
 ]
 
 # enable todos
 todo_include_todos = True
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
-templates_path = ['_templates']
+templates_path = ["_templates"]
 
 # The suffix of source filenames.
-source_suffix = '.rst'
+source_suffix = ".rst"
 
 # The encoding of source files.
-#source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
+# source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
 
 # The master toctree document.
-master_doc = 'index'
+master_doc = "index"
 
 # General information about the project.
-project = u'python-escpos'
-copyright = u'2016, Manuel F Martinez and others'
+project = "python-escpos"
+copyright = "2016, Manuel F Martinez and others"
 
 # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
 # built documents.
 #
-if on_rtd:
-    # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
-    release = escpos.__version__
-else:
-    # locally setuptools_scm should work
-    release = get_version(root=root)
+release = imp_version("python-escpos")
 # The short X.Y version.
-version = '.'.join(release.split('.')[:2])  # The short X.Y version.
+version = ".".join(release.split(".")[:2])
 
 # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
 # for a list of supported languages.
-#language = None
+# language = None
 
 # There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
 # non-false value, then it is used:
-#today = ''
+# today = ''
 # Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
-#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
+# today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
 
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
-exclude_patterns = ['_build']
+exclude_patterns = ["_build"]
 
 # The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all
 # documents.
-#default_role = None
+# default_role = None
 
 # If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
-#add_function_parentheses = True
+# add_function_parentheses = True
 
 # If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
 # unit titles (such as .. function::).
-#add_module_names = True
+# add_module_names = True
 
 # If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
 # output. They are ignored by default.
-#show_authors = False
+# show_authors = False
 
 # The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
-pygments_style = 'sphinx'
+pygments_style = "sphinx"
 
 # A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
-#modindex_common_prefix = []
+# modindex_common_prefix = []
 
 # If true, keep warnings as "system message" paragraphs in the built documents.
-#keep_warnings = False
+# keep_warnings = False
 
 
 # -- Options for HTML output ----------------------------------------------
@@ -126,135 +121,139 @@ pygments_style = 'sphinx'
 # The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
 # a list of builtin themes.
 if on_rtd:
-    html_theme = 'default'
+    html_theme = "default"
 else:
     try:
         import sphinx_rtd_theme
-        html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme'
+
+        html_theme = "sphinx_rtd_theme"
         html_theme_path = [sphinx_rtd_theme.get_html_theme_path()]
     except ImportError:
         print("no sphinx_rtd_theme found, switching to nature")
-        html_theme = 'default'
+        html_theme = "default"
 
 # Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
 # further.  For a list of options available for each theme, see the
 # documentation.
-#html_theme_options = {}
+# html_theme_options = {}
 
 # Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
-#html_theme_path = []
+# html_theme_path = []
 
 # The name for this set of Sphinx documents.  If None, it defaults to
 # "<project> v<release> documentation".
-#html_title = None
+# html_title = None
 
 # A shorter title for the navigation bar.  Default is the same as html_title.
-#html_short_title = None
+# html_short_title = None
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
 # of the sidebar.
-#html_logo = None
+# html_logo = None
 
 # The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
 # docs.  This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
 # pixels large.
-html_favicon = 'pyescpos.ico'
+html_favicon = "pyescpos.ico"
 
 # Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
 # relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
 # so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
-html_static_path = ['_static']
+html_static_path = ["_static"]
 
 # Add any extra paths that contain custom files (such as robots.txt or
 # .htaccess) here, relative to this directory. These files are copied
 # directly to the root of the documentation.
-#html_extra_path = []
+# html_extra_path = []
 
 # If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
 # using the given strftime format.
-#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
+# html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
 
 # If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
 # typographically correct entities.
-#html_use_smartypants = True
+# html_use_smartypants = True
 
 # Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
-#html_sidebars = {}
+# html_sidebars = {}
 
 # Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
 # template names.
-#html_additional_pages = {}
+# html_additional_pages = {}
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#html_domain_indices = True
+# html_domain_indices = True
 
 # If false, no index is generated.
-#html_use_index = True
+# html_use_index = True
 
 # If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
-#html_split_index = False
+# html_split_index = False
 
 # If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
-#html_show_sourcelink = True
+# html_show_sourcelink = True
 
 # If true, "Created using Sphinx" is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
-#html_show_sphinx = True
+# html_show_sphinx = True
 
 # If true, "(C) Copyright ..." is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
-#html_show_copyright = True
+# html_show_copyright = True
 
 # If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
 # contain a <link> tag referring to it.  The value of this option must be the
 # base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
-#html_use_opensearch = ''
+# html_use_opensearch = ''
 
 # This is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
-#html_file_suffix = None
+# html_file_suffix = None
 
 # Output file base name for HTML help builder.
-htmlhelp_basename = 'python-escposdoc'
+htmlhelp_basename = "python-escposdoc"
 
 
 # -- Options for LaTeX output ---------------------------------------------
 
 latex_elements = {
-# The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
-#'papersize': 'letterpaper',
-
-# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
-#'pointsize': '10pt',
-
-# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
-#'preamble': '',
+    # The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
+    #'papersize': 'letterpaper',
+    # The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
+    #'pointsize': '10pt',
+    # Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
+    #'preamble': '',
 }
 
 # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
 # (source start file, target name, title,
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
-  ('index', 'python-escpos.tex', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-   u'Manuel F Martinez and others', 'manual'),
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos.tex",
+        "python-escpos Documentation",
+        "Manuel F Martinez and others",
+        "manual",
+    ),
 ]
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
 # the title page.
-#latex_logo = None
+# latex_logo = None
 
 # For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
 # not chapters.
-#latex_use_parts = False
+# latex_use_parts = False
 
 # If true, show page references after internal links.
-#latex_show_pagerefs = False
+# latex_show_pagerefs = False
 
 # If true, show URL addresses after external links.
-#latex_show_urls = False
+# latex_show_urls = False
 
 # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
-#latex_appendices = []
+# latex_appendices = []
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#latex_domain_indices = True
+# latex_domain_indices = True
 
 
 # -- Options for manual page output ---------------------------------------
@@ -262,12 +261,17 @@ latex_documents = [
 # One entry per manual page. List of tuples
 # (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
 man_pages = [
-    ('index', 'python-escpos', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-     [u'Manuel F Martinez and others'], 1)
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos",
+        "python-escpos Documentation",
+        ["Manuel F Martinez and others"],
+        1,
+    )
 ]
 
 # If true, show URL addresses after external links.
-#man_show_urls = False
+# man_show_urls = False
 
 
 # -- Options for Texinfo output -------------------------------------------
@@ -276,19 +280,31 @@ man_pages = [
 # (source start file, target name, title, author,
 #  dir menu entry, description, category)
 texinfo_documents = [
-  ('index', 'python-escpos', u'python-escpos Documentation',
-   u'Manuel F Martinez and others', 'python-escpos', 'One line description of project.',
-   'Miscellaneous'),
+    (
+        "index",
+        "python-escpos",
+        "python-escpos Documentation",
+        "Manuel F Martinez and others",
+        "python-escpos",
+        "One line description of project.",
+        "Miscellaneous",
+    ),
 ]
 
 # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
-#texinfo_appendices = []
+# texinfo_appendices = []
 
 # If false, no module index is generated.
-#texinfo_domain_indices = True
+# texinfo_domain_indices = True
 
 # How to display URL addresses: 'footnote', 'no', or 'inline'.
-#texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
+# texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
 
 # If true, do not generate a @detailmenu in the "Top" node's menu.
-#texinfo_no_detailmenu = False
+# texinfo_no_detailmenu = False
+
+# spellchecker
+spelling_ignore_pypi_package_names = True
+spelling_ignore_wiki_words = True
+spelling_ignore_python_builtins = True
+spelling_ignore_importable_modules = True

doc/generate_authors.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-GENLIST=$(git shortlog -s -n | cut -f2 | sort)
+GENLIST=$(git shortlog -s -n | cut -f2 | sort -f)
+GENLIST_W_MAIL=$(git shortlog -s -e -n | cut -f2 | sort -f)
 AUTHORSFILE="$(dirname $0)/../AUTHORS"
 TEMPAUTHORSFILE="/tmp/python-escpos-authorsfile"
 
@@ -12,7 +13,9 @@ if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]
 	echo "\nNew authorsfile:\n"
 	cat $TEMPAUTHORSFILE
 	echo "\nUsing diff on files...\n"
-        diff -q --from-file $AUTHORSFILE $TEMPAUTHORSFILE
+	diff --suppress-common-lines -b --from-file $AUTHORSFILE $TEMPAUTHORSFILE
+	echo "Authors with mail addresses:\n"
+	echo "$GENLIST_W_MAIL"
     else
 	echo "$GENLIST">$AUTHORSFILE
 fi

doc/make.bat

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ if errorlevel 9009 (
 	echo.may add the Sphinx directory to PATH.
 	echo.
 	echo.If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from
-	echo.http://sphinx-doc.org/
+	echo.https://sphinx-doc.org/
 	exit /b 1
 )
 

doc/requirements.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ Pillow>=2.0
 qrcode>=4.0
 pyserial
 sphinx-rtd-theme
+setuptools
 setuptools-scm
 docutils>=0.12
-viivakoodi
+sphinxcontrib-spelling>=7.2.0
+python-barcode>=0.11.0,<1
+importlib-metadata

doc/spelling_wordlist.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Raspbian
+ESC
+POS
+Escpos
+Escpos
+baudrate
+lsusb

doc/user/printers.rst

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 ********
 Printers
 ********
-:Last Reviewed: 2017-01-25
+:Last Reviewed: 2022-11-25
 
-As of now there are 5 different type of printer implementations.
+As of now there are 7 different type of printer implementations.
 
 USB
 ---
@@ -75,3 +75,26 @@ all of the "output" as raw ESC/POS in a string and returns that.
       :member-order: bysource
       :noindex:
 
+CUPS
+----
+This driver uses `pycups` in order to communicate with a CUPS server.
+Supports both local and remote CUPS printers and servers.
+The printer must be properly configured in CUPS administration.
+The connector generates a print job that is added to the CUPS queue.
+
+.. todo:: fix import in documentation
+
+LP
+----
+This driver uses the UNIX command `lp` in order to communicate with a CUPS server.
+Supports local and remote CUPS printers.
+The printer must be properly configured in CUPS administration.
+The connector spawns a new sub-process where the command lp is executed.
+
+No dependencies required, but somehow the print queue will affect some print job such as barcode.
+
+.. autoclass:: escpos.printer.LP
+      :members:
+      :special-members:
+      :member-order: bysource
+      :noindex:

doc/user/todo.rst

@@ -2,38 +2,9 @@
 TODO
 ****
 
-Introduction
-------------
-
-python-escpos is the initial idea, from here we can start to build a
-robust library to get most of the ESC/POS printers working with this
-library.
-
-Eventually, this library must be able to cover almost all the defined
-models detailed in the ESC/POS Command Specification Manual.
-
-Details
--------
-
-What things are planned to work on?
-
-Testing
-~~~~~~~
-
-* Test on many printers as possible (USB, Serial, Network)
-* automate testing
-
-Design
-~~~~~~
-
-* Add all those sequences which are not common, but part of the ESC/POS
-  Command Specifications.
-
-  *  Port to Python 3
-  *  Windows compatibility (hidapi instead libusb?)
-  *  PDF417 support
-
-* use something similar to the `capabilities` in escpos-php
+Open points and issues of the project are tracked in the GitHub issues.
+Some annotations still remain in the code and should be moved over time
+into the issue tracker.
 
 Todos in the codebase
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

doc/user/usage.rst

@@ -44,18 +44,20 @@ to have and the second yields the "Output Endpoint" address.
 
 ::
 
-    Epson = printer.Usb(0x04b8,0x0202)
+    p = printer.Usb(0x04b8,0x0202)
 
 By default the "Interface" number is "0" and the "Output Endpoint"
 address is "0x01". If you have other values then you can define them on
-your instance. So, assuming that we have another printer where in\_ep is
-on 0x81 and out\_ep=0x02, then the printer definition should look like:
+your instance. So, assuming that we have another printer, CT-S2000,
+manufactured by Citizen (with "Vendor ID" of 2730 and "Product ID" of 0fff)
+where in\_ep is on 0x81 and out\_ep=0x02, then the printer definition should
+look like:
 
 **Generic USB Printer initialization**
 
 ::
 
-    Generic = printer.Usb(0x1a2b,0x1a2b,0,0x81,0x02)
+    p = printer.Usb(0x2730, 0x0fff, 0, 0x81, 0x02)
 
 Network printer
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ IP by DHCP or you set it manually.
 
 ::
 
-    Epson = printer.Network("192.168.1.99")
+    p = printer.Network("192.168.1.99")
 
 Serial printer
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -81,7 +83,10 @@ to.
 
 ::
 
-    Epson = printer.Serial("/dev/tty0")
+    p = printer.Serial("/dev/tty0")
+
+    # on a Windows OS serial devices are typically accessible as COM
+    p = printer.Serial("COM1")
 
 Other printers
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -93,7 +98,7 @@ passing the device node name.
 
 ::
 
-    Epson = printer.File("/dev/usb/lp1")
+    p = printer.File("/dev/usb/lp1")
 
 The default is "/dev/usb/lp0", so if the printer is located on that
 node, then you don't necessary need to pass the node name.
@@ -108,17 +113,22 @@ on a USB interface.
 
     from escpos import *
     """ Seiko Epson Corp. Receipt Printer M129 Definitions (EPSON TM-T88IV) """
-    Epson = printer.Usb(0x04b8,0x0202)
+    p = printer.Usb(0x04b8,0x0202)
     # Print text
-    Epson.text("Hello World\n")
+    p.text("Hello World\n")
     # Print image
-    Epson.image("logo.gif")
+    p.image("logo.gif")
     # Print QR Code
-    Epson.qr("You can readme from your smartphone")
+    p.qr("You can readme from your smartphone")
     # Print barcode
-    Epson.barcode('1324354657687','EAN13',64,2,'','')
+    p.barcode('1324354657687','EAN13',64,2,'','')
     # Cut paper
-    Epson.cut()
+    p.cut()
+
+Standard python constraints on libraries apply. This means especially
+that you should not name the script in which you implement these lines
+should not be named ``escpos`` as this would collide with the name of
+the library.
 
 Configuration File
 ------------------
@@ -158,7 +168,7 @@ The printer section
 
 The ``printer`` configuration section defines a default printer to create.
 
-The only required paramter is ``type``. The value of this has to be one of the
+The only required parameter is ``type``. The value of this has to be one of the
 printers defined in :doc:`/user/printers`.
 
 The rest of the given parameters will be passed on to the initialization of the printer class.
@@ -189,12 +199,12 @@ An USB-printer could be defined by::
 
 Printing text right
 -------------------
-Python-escpos is designed to accept unicode. So make sure that you use ``u'strings'`` or import ``unicode_literals``
-from ``__future__`` if you are on Python 2. On Python 3 you should be fine.
+
+Python-escpos is designed to accept unicode.
 
 For normal usage you can simply pass your text to the printers ``text()``-function. It will automatically guess
 the right codepage and then send the encoded data to the printer. If this feature does not work, please try to
-isolate the error and then create an issue on the Github project page.
+isolate the error and then create an issue on the GitHub project page.
 
 If you want or need to you can manually set the codepage. For this please use the ``charcode()``-function. You can set
 any key-value that is in ``CHARCODE``. If something is wrong, an ``CharCodeError`` will be raised.
@@ -284,4 +294,18 @@ This way you could also store the code in a file and print it later.
 You could then for example print the code from another process than your main-program and thus reduce the waiting time.
 (Of course this will not make the printer print faster.)
 
+Troubleshooting
+---------------
+
+This section gathers various hints on troubleshooting.
+
+Print with STAR TSP100 family
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Printer of the STAR TSP100 family do not have a native ESC/POS mode, which
+is why you will not be able to directly print with this library to the printer.
+
+More information on this topic can be found in the online documentation of
+`Star Micronics <https://www.starmicronics.com/help-center/knowledge-base/configure-tsp100-series-printers-esc-pos-mode/>`_
+and the `discussion in the python-escpos project <https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/issues/410>`_.
+
 

examples/barcodes.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from escpos.printer import Usb
 p = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
 
 # Print software and then hardware barcode with the same content
-p.soft_barcode('code39', '123456')
-p.text('\n')
-p.text('\n')
-p.barcode('123456', 'CODE39')
+p.soft_barcode("code39", "123456")
+p.text("\n")
+p.text("\n")
+p.barcode("123456", "CODE39")

examples/codepage_tables.py

@@ -1,21 +1,28 @@
 """Prints code page tables.
 """
 
-from __future__ import print_function
 
 import six
 import sys
 
 from escpos import printer
-from escpos.constants import CODEPAGE_CHANGE, ESC, CTL_LF, CTL_FF, CTL_CR, CTL_HT, CTL_VT
+from escpos.constants import (
+    CODEPAGE_CHANGE,
+    ESC,
+    CTL_LF,
+    CTL_FF,
+    CTL_CR,
+    CTL_HT,
+    CTL_VT,
+)
 
 
 def main():
     dummy = printer.Dummy()
 
-    dummy.hw('init')
+    dummy.hw("init")
 
-    for codepage in sys.argv[1:] or ['USA']:
+    for codepage in sys.argv[1:] or ["USA"]:
         dummy.set(height=2, width=2)
         dummy._raw(codepage + "\n\n\n")
         print_codepage(dummy, codepage)
@@ -37,14 +44,14 @@ def print_codepage(printer, codepage):
     sep = ""
 
     # Table header
-    printer.set(text_type='B')
+    printer.set(font="b")
     printer._raw("  {}\n".format(sep.join(map(lambda s: hex(s)[2:], range(0, 16)))))
     printer.set()
 
     # The table
     for x in range(0, 16):
         # First column
-        printer.set(text_type='B')
+        printer.set(font="b")
         printer._raw("{} ".format(hex(x)[2:]))
         printer.set()
 
@@ -52,12 +59,12 @@ def print_codepage(printer, codepage):
             byte = six.int2byte(x * 16 + y)
 
             if byte in (ESC, CTL_LF, CTL_FF, CTL_CR, CTL_HT, CTL_VT):
-                byte = ' '
+                byte = " "
 
             printer._raw(byte)
             printer._raw(sep)
-        printer._raw('\n')
+        printer._raw("\n")
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

examples/graphics/climacons/readme.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Climacons by Adam Whitcroft
 
-75 climatically categorised pictographs for web and UI design by [@adamwhitcroft](http://www.twitter.com/#!/adamwhitcroft).
+75 climatically categorised pictographs for web and UI design by [@adamwhitcroft](https://www.twitter.com/#!/adamwhitcroft).
 
-Visit the [Climacons](http://adamwhitcroft.com/climacons/) website for more information.
+Visit the [Climacons](https://adamwhitcroft.com/climacons/) website for more information.
 
 Visit [Adam Whitcroft on GitHub](https://github.com/AdamWhitcroft)
 

examples/qr_code.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ def usage():
     print("usage: qr_code.py <content>")
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     if len(sys.argv) != 2:
         usage()
         sys.exit(1)
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
 
     # Adapt to your needs
     p = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
-    p.qr(content)
+    p.qr(content, center=True)

examples/software_barcode.py

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ from escpos.printer import Usb
 p = Usb(0x0416, 0x5011, profile="POS-5890")
 
 # Some software barcodes
-p.soft_barcode('code128', 'Hello')
-p.soft_barcode('code39', '123456')
+p.soft_barcode("code128", "Hello")
+p.soft_barcode("code39", "1234")

examples/weather.py

@@ -9,11 +9,10 @@
 # Written by Adafruit Industries.  MIT license.
 # Adapted and enhanced for escpos library by MrWunderbar666
 
-# Icons taken from http://adamwhitcroft.com/climacons/
+# Icons taken from https://adamwhitcroft.com/climacons/
 # Check out his github: https://github.com/AdamWhitcroft/climacons
 
 
-from __future__ import print_function
 from datetime import datetime
 import calendar
 import urllib
@@ -39,89 +38,91 @@ LONG = "114.189945"     # Your Location
 
 
 def forecast_icon(idx):
-    icon = data['daily']['data'][idx]['icon']
+    icon = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["icon"]
     image = GRAPHICS_PATH + icon + ".png"
     return image
 
 
 # Dumps one forecast line to the printer
 def forecast(idx):
-    date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(data['daily']['data'][idx]['time']))
+    date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(data["daily"]["data"][idx]["time"]))
     day = calendar.day_name[date.weekday()]
-    lo = data['daily']['data'][idx]['temperatureMin']
-    hi = data['daily']['data'][idx]['temperatureMax']
-    cond = data['daily']['data'][idx]['summary']
+    lo = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["temperatureMin"]
+    hi = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["temperatureMax"]
+    cond = data["daily"]["data"][idx]["summary"]
     print(date)
     print(day)
     print(lo)
     print(hi)
     print(cond)
     time.sleep(1)
-    printer.set(
-        font='a',
-        height=2,
-        align='left',
-        bold=False,
-        double_height=False)
-    printer.text(day + ' \n ')
+    printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="left", bold=False, double_height=False)
+    printer.text(day + " \n ")
     time.sleep(5)  # Sleep to prevent printer buffer overflow
-    printer.text('\n')
+    printer.text("\n")
     printer.image(forecast_icon(idx))
-    printer.text('low ' + str(lo))
+    printer.text("low " + str(lo))
     printer.text(deg)
-    printer.text('\n')
-    printer.text(' high ' + str(hi))
+    printer.text("\n")
+    printer.text(" high " + str(hi))
     printer.text(deg)
-    printer.text('\n')
+    printer.text("\n")
     # take care of pesky unicode dash
-    printer.text(cond.replace(u'\u2013', '-').encode('utf-8'))
-    printer.text('\n \n')
+    printer.text(cond.replace("\u2013", "-").encode("utf-8"))
+    printer.text("\n \n")
 
 
 def icon():
-    icon = data['currently']['icon']
+    icon = data["currently"]["icon"]
     image = GRAPHICS_PATH + icon + ".png"
     return image
 
 
-deg = ' C'      # Degree symbol on thermal printer, need to find a better way to use a proper degree symbol
+deg = " C"  # Degree symbol on thermal printer, need to find a better way to use a proper degree symbol
 
 # if you want Fahrenheit change units= to 'us'
-url = "https://api.darksky.net/forecast/" + API_KEY + "/" + LAT + "," + LONG + \
-    "?exclude=[alerts,minutely,hourly,flags]&units=si"  # change last bit to 'us' for Fahrenheit
+url = (
+    "https://api.darksky.net/forecast/"
+    + API_KEY
+    + "/"
+    + LAT
+    + ","
+    + LONG
+    + "?exclude=[alerts,minutely,hourly,flags]&units=si"
+)  # change last bit to 'us' for Fahrenheit
 response = urllib.urlopen(url)
 data = json.loads(response.read())
 
 printer.print_and_feed(n=1)
 printer.control("LF")
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=True)
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=True)
 printer.text("Weather Forecast")
 printer.text("\n")
-printer.set(align='center')
+printer.set(align="center")
 
 
 # Print current conditions
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=False)
-printer.text('Current conditions: \n')
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=False)
+printer.text("Current conditions: \n")
 printer.image(icon())
 printer.text("\n")
 
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='left', bold=False, double_height=False)
-temp = data['currently']['temperature']
-cond = data['currently']['summary']
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="left", bold=False, double_height=False)
+temp = data["currently"]["temperature"]
+cond = data["currently"]["summary"]
 printer.text(temp)
-printer.text(' ')
+printer.text(" ")
 printer.text(deg)
-printer.text(' ')
-printer.text('\n')
-printer.text('Sky: ' + cond)
-printer.text('\n')
-printer.text('\n')
+printer.text(" ")
+printer.text("\n")
+printer.text("Sky: " + cond)
+printer.text("\n")
+printer.text("\n")
 
 # Print forecast
-printer.set(font='a', height=2, align='center', bold=True, double_height=False)
-printer.text('Forecast: \n')
+printer.set(font="a", height=2, align="center", bold=True, double_height=False)
+printer.text("Forecast: \n")
 forecast(0)
 forecast(1)
-printer.cut
+printer.cut()
 printer.control("LF")

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[tool.black]
+extend-exclude = 'capabilities-data'
+

readthedocs.yml

@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ formats:
   - epub
 requirements_file: doc/requirements.txt
 python:
-  version: 2
+  version: 3
   setup_py_install: true

setup.cfg

@@ -1,11 +1,71 @@
+[metadata]
+name = python-escpos
+url = https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos
+description = Python library to manipulate ESC/POS Printers
+long_description = file: README.rst
+license = MIT
+license_file = LICENSE
+author = Manuel F Martinez and others
+author_email = dev@pkanzler.de
+maintainer = Patrick Kanzler
+maintainer_email = dev@pkanzler.de
+keywords = ESC/POS, thermoprinter, voucher printer, printing, receipt
+classifiers =
+    Development Status :: 4 - Beta
+    Environment :: Console
+    Intended Audience :: Developers
+    License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+    Operating System :: OS Independent
+    Programming Language :: Python
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+    Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+    Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+    Topic :: Office/Business :: Financial :: Point-Of-Sale
+project_urls =
+    Bug Tracker = https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/issues
+    Documentation = https://python-escpos.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+    Release Notes = https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/releases
+
+[options]
+python_requires = >=3.6
+zip_safe = false
+include_package_data = true
+install_requires =
+    pyusb>=1.0.0
+    Pillow>=2.0
+    qrcode>=4.0
+    pyserial
+    python-barcode>=0.9.1,<1
+    setuptools
+    six
+    appdirs
+    PyYAML
+    argparse
+    argcomplete
+    future
+setup_requires = setuptools_scm
+tests_require =
+    jaconv
+    tox
+    pytest!=3.2.0,!=3.3.0
+    pytest-cov
+    pytest-mock
+    nose
+    scripttest
+    mock
+    hypothesis>4
+    flake8
+    sphinxcontrib-spelling>=7.2.0
+
 [nosetests]
 verbosity=3
 with-doctest=1
 
-[bdist_wheel]
-# This flag says that the code is written to work on both Python 2 and Python 3.
-universal=1
-
 [flake8]
 exclude = .git,.tox,.github,.eggs,__pycache__,doc/conf.py,build,dist,capabilities-data,test,src/escpos/constants.py
 max-line-length = 120

setup.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import os
 import sys
 from setuptools import find_packages, setup
-from setuptools.command.test import test as test_command
 
 
 base_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
@@ -19,126 +18,23 @@ def read(fname):
     return open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), fname)).read()
 
 
-class Tox(test_command):
-    """proxy class that enables tox to be run with setup.py test"""
-    user_options = [('tox-args=', 'a', "Arguments to pass to tox")]
-
-    def initialize_options(self):
-        """initialize the user-options"""
-        test_command.initialize_options(self)
-        self.tox_args = None
-
-    def finalize_options(self):
-        """finalize user-options"""
-        test_command.finalize_options(self)
-        self.test_args = []
-        self.test_suite = True
-
-    def run_tests(self):
-        """run tox and pass on user-options"""
-        # import here, cause outside the eggs aren't loaded
-        import tox
-        import shlex
-        args = self.tox_args
-        if args:
-            args = shlex.split(self.tox_args)
-        errno = tox.cmdline(args=args)
-        sys.exit(errno)
-
-
 setuptools_scm_template = """\
 # coding: utf-8
 # file generated by setuptools_scm
 # don't change, don't track in version control
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 version = '{version}'
 """
 
 
 setup(
-    name='python-escpos',
     use_scm_version={
-        'write_to': 'src/escpos/version.py',
-        'write_to_template': setuptools_scm_template,
+        "write_to": "src/escpos/version.py",
+        "write_to_template": setuptools_scm_template,
     },
-    url='https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos',
-    download_url='https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/archive/master.zip',
-    description='Python library to manipulate ESC/POS Printers',
-    bugtrack_url='https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/issues',
-    license='MIT',
-    long_description=read('README.rst'),
-    author='Manuel F Martinez and others',
-    author_email='manpaz@bashlinux.com',
-    maintainer='Patrick Kanzler',
-    maintainer_email='dev@pkanzler.de',
-    keywords=[
-        'ESC/POS',
-        'thermoprinter',
-        'voucher printer',
-        'printing',
-        'receipt,',
-    ],
-    platforms='any',
+    platforms="any",
     package_dir={"": "src"},
     packages=find_packages(where="src", exclude=["tests", "tests.*"]),
-    package_data={'': ['COPYING', 'src/escpos/capabilities.json']},
-    include_package_data=True,
-    classifiers=[
-        'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',
-        'Environment :: Console',
-        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
-        'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
-        'Operating System :: OS Independent',
-        'Programming Language :: Python',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
-        'Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules',
-        'Topic :: Office/Business :: Financial :: Point-Of-Sale',
-    ],
-    install_requires=[
-        'pyusb>=1.0.0',
-        'Pillow>=2.0',
-        'qrcode>=4.0',
-        'pyserial',
-        'six',
-        'appdirs',
-        'pyyaml',
-        'argparse',
-        'argcomplete',
-        'future',
-        'viivakoodi>=0.8'
-    ],
-    setup_requires=[
-        'setuptools_scm',
-    ],
-    tests_require=[
-        'jaconv',
-        'tox',
-        'pytest!=3.2.0',
-        'pytest-cov',
-        'pytest-mock',
-        'nose',
-        'scripttest',
-        'mock',
-        'hypothesis',
-        'flake8'
-    ],
-    cmdclass={'test': Tox},
-    entry_points={
-        'console_scripts': [
-            'python-escpos = escpos.cli:main'
-        ]
-    },
+    package_data={"escpos": ["capabilities.json"]},
+    entry_points={"console_scripts": ["python-escpos = escpos.cli:main"]},
 )

src/escpos/__init__.py

@@ -2,10 +2,6 @@
 """
 python-escpos enables you to manipulate escpos-printers
 """
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 __all__ = ["constants", "escpos", "exceptions", "printer"]
 
@@ -13,7 +9,7 @@ try:
     from .version import version as __version__  # noqa
 except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
     raise ImportError(
-        'Failed to find (autogenerated) version.py. '
-        'This might be because you are installing from GitHub\'s tarballs, '
-        'use the PyPI ones.'
+        "Failed to find (autogenerated) version.py. "
+        "This might be because you are installing from GitHub's tarballs, "
+        "use the PyPI ones."
     )

src/escpos/capabilities.py

@@ -1,93 +1,130 @@
 import re
-import six
 from os import environ, path
+import pkg_resources
+import pickle
+import logging
+import time
+
+import six
 import yaml
 
+from tempfile import gettempdir
+import platform
+
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+logging.basicConfig()
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+pickle_dir = environ.get("ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_PICKLE_DIR", gettempdir())
+pickle_path = path.join(
+    pickle_dir, "{v}.capabilities.pickle".format(v=platform.python_version())
+)
+# get a temporary file from pkg_resources if no file is specified in env
+capabilities_path = environ.get(
+    "ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE",
+    pkg_resources.resource_filename(__name__, "capabilities.json"),
+)
+
 # Load external printer database
-if 'ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE' in environ:
-    file_path = environ['ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE']
+t0 = time.time()
+logger.debug("Using capabilities from file: %s", capabilities_path)
+if path.exists(pickle_path):
+    if path.getmtime(capabilities_path) > path.getmtime(pickle_path):
+        logger.debug("Found a more recent capabilities file")
+        full_load = True
+    else:
+        full_load = False
+        logger.debug("Loading capabilities from pickle in %s", pickle_path)
+        with open(pickle_path, "rb") as cf:
+            CAPABILITIES = pickle.load(cf)
 else:
-    file_path = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'capabilities.json')
+    logger.debug("Capabilities pickle file not found: %s", pickle_path)
+    full_load = True
 
-with open(file_path) as f:
-    CAPABILITIES = yaml.load(f)
+if full_load:
+    logger.debug("Loading and pickling capabilities")
+    with open(capabilities_path) as cp, open(pickle_path, "wb") as pp:
+        CAPABILITIES = yaml.safe_load(cp)
+        pickle.dump(CAPABILITIES, pp, protocol=2)
 
-PROFILES = CAPABILITIES['profiles']
+logger.debug("Finished loading capabilities took %.2fs", time.time() - t0)
+
+
+PROFILES: Dict[str, Any] = CAPABILITIES["profiles"]
 
 
 class NotSupported(Exception):
-    """Raised if a requested feature is not suppored by the
+    """Raised if a requested feature is not supported by the
     printer profile.
     """
+
     pass
 
 
-BARCODE_B = 'barcodeB'
+BARCODE_B = "barcodeB"
 
 
 class BaseProfile(object):
-    """This respresents a printer profile.
+    """This represents a printer profile.
 
     A printer profile knows about the number of columns, supported
     features, colors and more.
     """
 
-    profile_data = {}
+    profile_data: Dict[str, Any] = {}
 
     def __getattr__(self, name):
         return self.profile_data[name]
 
-    def get_font(self, font):
+    def get_font(self, font) -> int:
         """Return the escpos index for `font`. Makes sure that
         the requested `font` is valid.
         """
-        font = {'a': 0, 'b': 1}.get(font, font)
+        font = {"a": 0, "b": 1}.get(font, font)
         if not six.text_type(font) in self.fonts:
             raise NotSupported(
-                '"{}" is not a valid font in the current profile'.format(font))
+                '"{}" is not a valid font in the current profile'.format(font)
+            )
         return font
 
     def get_columns(self, font):
-        """ Return the number of columns for the given font.
-        """
+        """Return the number of columns for the given font."""
         font = self.get_font(font)
-        return self.fonts[six.text_type(font)]['columns']
+        return self.fonts[six.text_type(font)]["columns"]
 
     def supports(self, feature):
-        """Return true/false for the given feature.
-        """
+        """Return true/false for the given feature."""
         return self.features.get(feature)
 
     def get_code_pages(self):
-        """Return the support code pages as a {name: index} dict.
-        """
+        """Return the support code pages as a ``{name: index}`` dict."""
         return {v: k for k, v in self.codePages.items()}
 
 
-def get_profile(name=None, **kwargs):
+def get_profile(name: str = None, **kwargs):
     """Get the profile by name; if no name is given, return the
     default profile.
     """
     if isinstance(name, Profile):
         return name
 
-    clazz = get_profile_class(name or 'default')
+    clazz = get_profile_class(name or "default")
     return clazz(**kwargs)
 
 
 CLASS_CACHE = {}
 
 
-def get_profile_class(name):
+def get_profile_class(name: str):
     """For the given profile name, load the data from the external
     database, then generate dynamically a class.
     """
     if name not in CLASS_CACHE:
         profile_data = PROFILES[name]
         profile_name = clean(name)
-        class_name = '{}{}Profile'.format(
-            profile_name[0].upper(), profile_name[1:])
-        new_class = type(class_name, (BaseProfile,), {'profile_data': profile_data})
+        class_name = "{}{}Profile".format(profile_name[0].upper(), profile_name[1:])
+        new_class = type(class_name, (BaseProfile,), {"profile_data": profile_data})
         CLASS_CACHE[name] = new_class
 
     return CLASS_CACHE[name]
@@ -95,13 +132,13 @@ def get_profile_class(name):
 
 def clean(s):
     # Remove invalid characters
-    s = re.sub('[^0-9a-zA-Z_]', '', s)
+    s = re.sub("[^0-9a-zA-Z_]", "", s)
     # Remove leading characters until we find a letter or underscore
-    s = re.sub('^[^a-zA-Z_]+', '', s)
+    s = re.sub("^[^a-zA-Z_]+", "", s)
     return str(s)
 
 
-class Profile(get_profile_class('default')):
+class Profile(get_profile_class("default")):
     """
     For users, who want to provide their profile
     """

src/escpos/cli.py

@@ -3,18 +3,15 @@
 """ CLI
 
 This module acts as a command line interface for python-escpos. It mirrors
-closely the available ESCPOS commands while adding a couple extra ones for convience.
+closely the available ESCPOS commands while adding a couple extra ones for convenience.
 
 It requires you to have a configuration file. See documentation for details.
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import argparse
+
 try:
     import argcomplete
 except ImportError:
@@ -28,14 +25,14 @@ from . import version
 
 # Must be defined before it's used in DEMO_FUNCTIONS
 def str_to_bool(string):
-    """ Used as a type in argparse so that we get back a proper
+    """Used as a type in argparse so that we get back a proper
     bool instead of always True
     """
-    return string.lower() in ('y', 'yes', '1', 'true')
+    return string.lower() in ("y", "yes", "1", "true")
 
 
 # A list of functions that work better with a newline to be sent after them.
-REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ('qr', 'barcode', 'text', 'block_text')
+REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ("qr", "barcode", "text", "block_text")
 
 
 # Used in demo method
@@ -43,40 +40,46 @@ REQUIRES_NEWLINE = ('qr', 'barcode', 'text', 'block_text')
 #   manual translation is done in the case of barcodes_a -> barcode.
 # Value: A list of dictionaries to pass to the escpos function as arguments.
 DEMO_FUNCTIONS = {
-    'text': [
-        {'txt': 'Hello, World!\n', }
+    "text": [
+        {
+            "txt": "Hello, World!\n",
+        }
     ],
-    'qr': [
-        {'content': 'This tests a QR code'},
-        {'content': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/'}
+    "qr": [
+        {"content": "This tests a QR code"},
+        {"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/"},
     ],
-    'barcodes_a': [
-        {'bc': 'UPC-A', 'code': '13243546576'},
-        {'bc': 'UPC-E', 'code': '132435'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN13', 'code': '1324354657687'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN8', 'code': '1324354'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE39', 'code': 'TEST'},
-        {'bc': 'ITF', 'code': '55867492279103'},
-        {'bc': 'NW7', 'code': 'A00000000A'},
+    "barcodes_a": [
+        {"bc": "UPC-A", "code": "13243546576"},
+        {"bc": "UPC-E", "code": "132435"},
+        {"bc": "EAN13", "code": "1324354657687"},
+        {"bc": "EAN8", "code": "1324354"},
+        {"bc": "CODE39", "code": "TEST"},
+        {"bc": "ITF", "code": "55867492279103"},
+        {"bc": "NW7", "code": "A00000000A"},
     ],
-    'barcodes_b': [
-        {'bc': 'UPC-A', 'code': '13243546576', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'UPC-E', 'code': '132435', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN13', 'code': '1324354657687', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'EAN8', 'code': '1324354', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE39', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'ITF', 'code': '55867492279103', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'NW7', 'code': 'A00000000A', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE93', 'code': 'A00000000A', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE93', 'code': '1324354657687', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128A', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128B', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'CODE128C', 'code': 'TEST', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1-128', 'code': '00123456780000000001', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Omnidirectional', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Truncated', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Limited', 'code': '0000000000000', 'function_type': 'B'},
-        {'bc': 'GS1 DataBar Expanded', 'code': '00AAAAAAA', 'function_type': 'B'},
+    "barcodes_b": [
+        {"bc": "UPC-A", "code": "13243546576", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "UPC-E", "code": "132435", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "EAN13", "code": "1324354657687", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "EAN8", "code": "1324354", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE39", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "ITF", "code": "55867492279103", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "NW7", "code": "A00000000A", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE93", "code": "A00000000A", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE93", "code": "1324354657687", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128A", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128B", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "CODE128C", "code": "TEST", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1-128", "code": "00123456780000000001", "function_type": "B"},
+        {
+            "bc": "GS1 DataBar Omnidirectional",
+            "code": "0000000000000",
+            "function_type": "B",
+        },
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Truncated", "code": "0000000000000", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Limited", "code": "0000000000000", "function_type": "B"},
+        {"bc": "GS1 DataBar Expanded", "code": "00AAAAAAA", "function_type": "B"},
     ],
 }
 
@@ -88,356 +91,355 @@ DEMO_FUNCTIONS = {
 # arguments: A list of dicts of args for subparser.add_argument
 ESCPOS_COMMANDS = [
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'qr',
-            'help': 'Print a QR code',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "qr",
+            "help": "Print a QR code",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'qr',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "qr",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--content',),
-                'help': 'Text to print as a qr code',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--content",),
+                "help": "Text to print as a qr code",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--size',),
-                'help': 'QR code size (1-16) [default:3]',
-                'required': False,
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--size",),
+                "help": "QR code size (1-16) [default:3]",
+                "required": False,
+                "type": int,
+            },
+        ],
+    },
+    {
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "barcode",
+            "help": "Print a barcode",
+        },
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "barcode",
+        },
+        "arguments": [
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--code",),
+                "help": "Barcode data to print",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--bc",),
+                "help": "Barcode format",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--height",),
+                "help": "Barcode height in px",
+                "type": int,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Barcode width",
+                "type": int,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--pos",),
+                "help": "Label position",
+                "choices": ["BELOW", "ABOVE", "BOTH", "OFF"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--font",),
+                "help": "Label font",
+                "choices": ["A", "B"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--align_ct",),
+                "help": "Align barcode center",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--function_type",),
+                "help": "ESCPOS function type",
+                "choices": ["A", "B"],
+            },
+        ],
+    },
+    {
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "text",
+            "help": "Print plain text",
+        },
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "text",
+        },
+        "arguments": [
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--txt",),
+                "help": "Plain text to print",
+                "required": True,
             }
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'barcode',
-            'help': 'Print a barcode',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "block_text",
+            "help": "Print wrapped text",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'barcode',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "block_text",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--code',),
-                'help': 'Barcode data to print',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--txt",),
+                "help": "block_text to print",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--bc',),
-                'help': 'Barcode format',
-                'required': True,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--height',),
-                'help': 'Barcode height in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Barcode width',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--pos',),
-                'help': 'Label position',
-                'choices': ['BELOW', 'ABOVE', 'BOTH', 'OFF'],
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--font',),
-                'help': 'Label font',
-                'choices': ['A', 'B'],
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--align_ct',),
-                'help': 'Align barcode center',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--function_type',),
-                'help': 'ESCPOS function type',
-                'choices': ['A', 'B'],
+                "option_strings": ("--columns",),
+                "help": "Number of columns",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'text',
-            'help': 'Print plain text',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "cut",
+            "help": "Cut the paper",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'text',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "cut",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--txt',),
-                'help': 'Plain text to print',
-                'required': True,
-            }
-        ],
-    },
-    {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'block_text',
-            'help': 'Print wrapped text',
-        },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'block_text',
-        },
-        'arguments': [
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--txt',),
-                'help': 'block_text to print',
-                'required': True,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--columns',),
-                'help': 'Number of columns',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--mode",),
+                "help": "Type of cut",
+                "choices": ["FULL", "PART"],
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'cut',
-            'help': 'Cut the paper',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "cashdraw",
+            "help": "Kick the cash drawer",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'cut',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "cashdraw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--mode',),
-                'help': 'Type of cut',
-                'choices': ['FULL', 'PART'],
+                "option_strings": ("--pin",),
+                "help": "Which PIN to kick",
+                "choices": [2, 5],
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'cashdraw',
-            'help': 'Kick the cash drawer',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "image",
+            "help": "Print an image",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'cashdraw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "image",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--pin',),
-                'help': 'Which PIN to kick',
-                'choices': [2, 5],
+                "option_strings": ("--img_source",),
+                "help": "Path to image",
+                "required": True,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--impl",),
+                "help": "Implementation to use",
+                "choices": ["bitImageRaster", "bitImageColumn", "graphics"],
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--high_density_horizontal",),
+                "help": "Image density (horizontal)",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+            },
+            {
+                "option_strings": ("--high_density_vertical",),
+                "help": "Image density (vertical)",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'image',
-            'help': 'Print an image',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "fullimage",
+            "help": "Print a fullimage",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'image',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "fullimage",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--img_source',),
-                'help': 'Path to image',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--img",),
+                "help": "Path to img",
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--impl',),
-                'help': 'Implementation to use',
-                'choices': ['bitImageRaster', 'bitImageColumn', 'graphics'],
+                "option_strings": ("--max_height",),
+                "help": "Max height of image in px",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--high_density_horizontal',),
-                'help': 'Image density (horizontal)',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Max width of image in px",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--high_density_vertical',),
-                'help': 'Image density (vertical)',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-
-        ],
+                "option_strings": ("--histeq",),
+                "help": "Equalize the histrogram",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'fullimage',
-            'help': 'Print a fullimage',
-        },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'fullimage',
-        },
-        'arguments': [
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--img',),
-                'help': 'Path to img',
-                'required': True,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--max_height',),
-                'help': 'Max height of image in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Max width of image in px',
-                'type': int,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--histeq',),
-                'help': 'Equalize the histrogram',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-            },
-            {
-                'option_strings': ('--bandsize',),
-                'help': 'Size of bands to divide into when printing',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--bandsize",),
+                "help": "Size of bands to divide into when printing",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'charcode',
-            'help': 'Set character code table',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "charcode",
+            "help": "Set character code table",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'charcode',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "charcode",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--code',),
-                'help': 'Character code',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--code",),
+                "help": "Character code",
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'set',
-            'help': 'Set text properties',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "set",
+            "help": "Set text properties",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'set',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "set",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--align',),
-                'help': 'Horizontal alignment',
-                'choices': ['left', 'center', 'right'],
+                "option_strings": ("--align",),
+                "help": "Horizontal alignment",
+                "choices": ["left", "center", "right"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--font',),
-                'help': 'Font choice',
-                'choices': ['left', 'center', 'right'],
+                "option_strings": ("--font",),
+                "help": "Font choice",
+                "choices": ["left", "center", "right"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--text_type',),
-                'help': 'Text properties',
-                'choices': ['B', 'U', 'U2', 'BU', 'BU2', 'NORMAL'],
+                "option_strings": ("--text_type",),
+                "help": "Text properties",
+                "choices": ["B", "U", "U2", "BU", "BU2", "NORMAL"],
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--width',),
-                'help': 'Width multiplier',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--width",),
+                "help": "Width multiplier",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--height',),
-                'help': 'Height multiplier',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--height",),
+                "help": "Height multiplier",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--density',),
-                'help': 'Print density',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--density",),
+                "help": "Print density",
+                "type": int,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--invert',),
-                'help': 'White on black printing',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--invert",),
+                "help": "White on black printing",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--smooth',),
-                'help': 'Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--smooth",),
+                "help": "Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--flip',),
-                'help': 'Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
+                "option_strings": ("--flip",),
+                "help": "Text smoothing. Effective on >:  4x4 text",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'hw',
-            'help': 'Hardware operations',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "hw",
+            "help": "Hardware operations",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'hw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "hw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--hw',),
-                'help': 'Operation',
-                'choices': ['INIT', 'SELECT', 'RESET'],
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--hw",),
+                "help": "Operation",
+                "choices": ["INIT", "SELECT", "RESET"],
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'control',
-            'help': 'Control sequences',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "control",
+            "help": "Control sequences",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'control',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "control",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--ctl',),
-                'help': 'Control sequence',
-                'choices': ['LF', 'FF', 'CR', 'HT', 'VT'],
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--ctl",),
+                "help": "Control sequence",
+                "choices": ["LF", "FF", "CR", "HT", "VT"],
+                "required": True,
             },
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--pos',),
-                'help': 'Horizontal tab position (1-4)',
-                'type': int,
+                "option_strings": ("--pos",),
+                "help": "Horizontal tab position (1-4)",
+                "type": int,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'panel_buttons',
-            'help': 'Controls panel buttons',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "panel_buttons",
+            "help": "Controls panel buttons",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': 'panel_buttons',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "panel_buttons",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--enable',),
-                'help': 'Feed button enabled',
-                'type': str_to_bool,
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--enable",),
+                "help": "Feed button enabled",
+                "type": str_to_bool,
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
     {
-        'parser': {
-            'name': 'raw',
-            'help': 'Raw data',
+        "parser": {
+            "name": "raw",
+            "help": "Raw data",
         },
-        'defaults': {
-            'func': '_raw',
+        "defaults": {
+            "func": "_raw",
         },
-        'arguments': [
+        "arguments": [
             {
-                'option_strings': ('--msg',),
-                'help': 'Raw data to send',
-                'required': True,
+                "option_strings": ("--msg",),
+                "help": "Raw data to send",
+                "required": True,
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -453,68 +455,71 @@ def main():
     """
 
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description='CLI for python-escpos',
-        epilog='Printer configuration is defined in the python-escpos config'
-        'file. See documentation for details.',
+        description="CLI for python-escpos",
+        epilog="Printer configuration is defined in the python-escpos config"
+        "file. See documentation for details.",
     )
 
-    parser.register('type', 'bool', str_to_bool)
+    parser.register("type", "bool", str_to_bool)
 
     # Allow config file location to be passed
     parser.add_argument(
-        '-c', '--config',
-        help='Alternate path to the configuration file',
+        "-c",
+        "--config",
+        help="Alternate path to the configuration file",
     )
 
     # Everything interesting runs off of a subparser so we can use the format
     # cli [subparser] -args
     command_subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
-        title='ESCPOS Command',
-        dest='parser',
+        title="ESCPOS Command",
+        dest="parser",
     )
     # fix inconsistencies in the behaviour of some versions of argparse
     command_subparsers.required = False  # force 'required' testing
 
     # Build the ESCPOS command arguments
     for command in ESCPOS_COMMANDS:
-        parser_command = command_subparsers.add_parser(**command['parser'])
-        parser_command.set_defaults(**command['defaults'])
-        for argument in command['arguments']:
-            option_strings = argument.pop('option_strings')
+        parser_command = command_subparsers.add_parser(**command["parser"])
+        parser_command.set_defaults(**command["defaults"])
+        for argument in command["arguments"]:
+            option_strings = argument.pop("option_strings")
             parser_command.add_argument(*option_strings, **argument)
 
     # Build any custom arguments
-    parser_command_demo = command_subparsers.add_parser('demo',
-                                                        help='Demonstrates various functions')
-    parser_command_demo.set_defaults(func='demo')
+    parser_command_demo = command_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "demo", help="Demonstrates various functions"
+    )
+    parser_command_demo.set_defaults(func="demo")
     demo_group = parser_command_demo.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--barcodes-a',
-        help='Print demo barcodes for function type A',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--barcodes-a",
+        help="Print demo barcodes for function type A",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--barcodes-b',
-        help='Print demo barcodes for function type B',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--barcodes-b",
+        help="Print demo barcodes for function type B",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--qr',
-        help='Print some demo QR codes',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--qr",
+        help="Print some demo QR codes",
+        action="store_true",
     )
     demo_group.add_argument(
-        '--text',
-        help='Print some demo text',
-        action='store_true',
+        "--text",
+        help="Print some demo text",
+        action="store_true",
     )
 
-    parser_command_version = command_subparsers.add_parser('version',
-                                                           help='Print the version of python-escpos')
+    parser_command_version = command_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "version", help="Print the version of python-escpos"
+    )
     parser_command_version.set_defaults(version=True)
 
     # hook in argcomplete
-    if 'argcomplete' in globals():
+    if "argcomplete" in globals():
         argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
 
     # Get only arguments actually passed
@@ -522,16 +527,18 @@ def main():
     if not args_dict:
         parser.print_help()
         sys.exit()
-    command_arguments = dict([k, v] for k, v in six.iteritems(args_dict) if v is not None)
+    command_arguments = dict(
+        [k, v] for k, v in six.iteritems(args_dict) if v is not None
+    )
 
     # If version should be printed, do this, then exit
-    print_version = command_arguments.pop('version', None)
+    print_version = command_arguments.pop("version", None)
     if print_version:
         print(version.version)
         sys.exit()
 
     # If there was a config path passed, grab it
-    config_path = command_arguments.pop('config', None)
+    config_path = command_arguments.pop("config", None)
 
     # Load the configuration and defined printer
     saved_config = config.Config()
@@ -539,12 +546,12 @@ def main():
     printer = saved_config.printer()
 
     if not printer:
-        raise Exception('No printers loaded from config')
+        raise Exception("No printers loaded from config")
 
-    target_command = command_arguments.pop('func')
+    target_command = command_arguments.pop("func")
 
     # remove helper-argument 'parser' from dict
-    command_arguments.pop('parser', None)
+    command_arguments.pop("parser", None)
 
     if hasattr(printer, target_command):
         # print command with args
@@ -552,13 +559,13 @@ def main():
         if target_command in REQUIRES_NEWLINE:
             printer.text("\n")
     else:
-        command_arguments['printer'] = printer
+        command_arguments["printer"] = printer
         globals()[target_command](**command_arguments)
 
 
 def demo(printer, **kwargs):
     """
-    Prints specificed demos. Called when CLI is passed `demo`. This function
+    Prints demos. Called when CLI is passed `demo`. This function
     uses the DEMO_FUNCTIONS dictionary.
 
     :param printer: A printer from escpos.printer
@@ -568,14 +575,14 @@ def demo(printer, **kwargs):
     for demo_choice in kwargs.keys():
         command = getattr(
             printer,
-            demo_choice
-            .replace('barcodes_a', 'barcode')
-            .replace('barcodes_b', 'barcode')
+            demo_choice.replace("barcodes_a", "barcode").replace(
+                "barcodes_b", "barcode"
+            ),
         )
         for params in DEMO_FUNCTIONS[demo_choice]:
             command(**params)
         printer.cut()
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

src/escpos/codepages.py

@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ class CodePageManager:
         return self.data[encoding]
 
 
-CodePages = CodePageManager(CAPABILITIES['encodings'])
+CodePages = CodePageManager(CAPABILITIES["encodings"])

src/escpos/config.py

@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
 """ ESC/POS configuration manager.
 
-This module contains the implentations of abstract base class :py:class:`Config`.
+This module contains the implementations of abstract base class :py:class:`Config`.
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import os
 import appdirs
@@ -18,16 +14,17 @@ from . import exceptions
 
 
 class Config(object):
-    """  Configuration handler class.
+    """Configuration handler class.
 
     This class loads configuration from a default or specificed directory. It
     can create your defined printer and return it to you.
     """
-    _app_name = 'python-escpos'
-    _config_file = 'config.yaml'
+
+    _app_name = "python-escpos"
+    _config_file = "config.yaml"
 
     def __init__(self):
-        """ Initialize configuration.
+        """Initialize configuration.
 
         Remember to add anything that needs to be reset between configurations
         to self._reset_config
@@ -39,7 +36,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._printer_config = None
 
     def _reset_config(self):
-        """ Clear the loaded configuration.
+        """Clear the loaded configuration.
 
         If we are loading a changed config, we don't want to have leftover
         data.
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._printer_config = None
 
     def load(self, config_path=None):
-        """ Load and parse the configuration file using pyyaml
+        """Load and parse the configuration file using pyyaml
 
         :param config_path: An optional file path, file handle, or byte string
             for the configuration file.
@@ -62,31 +59,32 @@ class Config(object):
 
         if not config_path:
             config_path = os.path.join(
-                appdirs.user_config_dir(self._app_name),
-                self._config_file
+                appdirs.user_config_dir(self._app_name), self._config_file
             )
 
         try:
             # First check if it's file like. If it is, pyyaml can load it.
             # I'm checking type instead of catching exceptions to keep the
             # exception handling simple
-            if hasattr(config_path, 'read'):
+            if hasattr(config_path, "read"):
                 config = yaml.safe_load(config_path)
             else:
                 # If it isn't, it's a path. We have to open it first, otherwise
                 # pyyaml will try to read it as yaml
-                with open(config_path, 'rb') as config_file:
+                with open(config_path, "rb") as config_file:
                     config = yaml.safe_load(config_file)
         except EnvironmentError:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigNotFoundError('Couldn\'t read config at {config_path}'.format(
+            raise exceptions.ConfigNotFoundError(
+                "Couldn't read config at {config_path}".format(
                     config_path=str(config_path),
-            ))
+                )
+            )
         except yaml.YAMLError:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError('Error parsing YAML')
+            raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError("Error parsing YAML")
 
-        if 'printer' in config:
-            self._printer_config = config['printer']
-            self._printer_name = self._printer_config.pop('type').title()
+        if "printer" in config:
+            self._printer_config = config["printer"]
+            self._printer_name = self._printer_config.pop("type").title()
 
             if not self._printer_name or not hasattr(printer, self._printer_name):
                 raise exceptions.ConfigSyntaxError(
@@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ class Config(object):
         self._has_loaded = True
 
     def printer(self):
-        """ Returns a printer that was defined in the config, or throws an
+        """Returns a printer that was defined in the config, or throws an
         exception.
 
         This method loads the default config if one hasn't beeen already loaded.
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ class Config(object):
             self.load()
 
         if not self._printer_name:
-            raise exceptions.ConfigSectionMissingError('printer')
+            raise exceptions.ConfigSectionMissingError("printer")
 
         if not self._printer:
             # We could catch init errors and make them a ConfigSyntaxError,

src/escpos/constants.py

@@ -11,129 +11,140 @@ moved to `capabilities` as in `escpos-php by @mike42 <https://github.com/mike42/
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import six
 
 # Control characters
-# as labelled in http://www.novopos.ch/client/EPSON/TM-T20/TM-T20_eng_qr.pdf
-NUL = b'\x00'
-EOT = b'\x04'
-ENQ = b'\x05'
-DLE = b'\x10'
-DC4 = b'\x14'
-CAN = b'\x18'
-ESC = b'\x1b'
-FS  = b'\x1c'
-GS  = b'\x1d'
+# as labelled in https://www.novopos.ch/client/EPSON/TM-T20/TM-T20_eng_qr.pdf
+NUL = b"\x00"
+EOT = b"\x04"
+ENQ = b"\x05"
+DLE = b"\x10"
+DC4 = b"\x14"
+CAN = b"\x18"
+ESC = b"\x1b"
+FS = b"\x1c"
+GS = b"\x1d"
 
 # Feed control sequences
-CTL_LF = b'\n'              # Print and line feed
-CTL_FF = b'\f'              # Form feed
-CTL_CR = b'\r'              # Carriage return
-CTL_HT = b'\t'              # Horizontal tab
-CTL_SET_HT = ESC + b'\x44'  # Set horizontal tab positions
-CTL_VT = b'\v'              # Vertical tab
+CTL_LF = b"\n"  # Print and line feed
+CTL_FF = b"\f"  # Form feed
+CTL_CR = b"\r"  # Carriage return
+CTL_HT = b"\t"  # Horizontal tab
+CTL_SET_HT = ESC + b"\x44"  # Set horizontal tab positions
+CTL_VT = b"\v"  # Vertical tab
 
 # Printer hardware
-HW_INIT   = ESC + b'@'             # Clear data in buffer and reset modes
-HW_SELECT = ESC + b'=\x01'         # Printer select
+HW_INIT = ESC + b"@"  # Clear data in buffer and reset modes
+HW_SELECT = ESC + b"=\x01"  # Printer select
 
-HW_RESET  = ESC + b'\x3f\x0a\x00'   # Reset printer hardware
-                                    # (TODO: Where is this specified?)
+HW_RESET = ESC + b"\x3f\x0a\x00"  # Reset printer hardware
+# (TODO: Where is this specified?)
 
 # Cash Drawer (ESC p <pin> <on time: 2*ms> <off time: 2*ms>)
-_CASH_DRAWER = lambda m, t1='', t2='': ESC + b'p' + m + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
-CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE = lambda esc, p, m, t1=50, t2=50: six.int2byte(esc) + six.int2byte(p) + six.int2byte(m) + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
-CD_KICK_2 = _CASH_DRAWER(b'\x00', 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 2 []
-CD_KICK_5 = _CASH_DRAWER(b'\x01', 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 5 []
+_CASH_DRAWER = (
+    lambda m, t1="", t2="": ESC + b"p" + m + six.int2byte(t1) + six.int2byte(t2)
+)
+CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE = (
+    lambda esc, p, m, t1=50, t2=50: six.int2byte(esc)
+    + six.int2byte(p)
+    + six.int2byte(m)
+    + six.int2byte(t1)
+    + six.int2byte(t2)
+)
+CD_KICK_2 = _CASH_DRAWER(b"\x00", 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 2 []
+CD_KICK_5 = _CASH_DRAWER(b"\x01", 50, 50)  # Sends a pulse to pin 5 []
 
 # Paper Cutter
-_CUT_PAPER = lambda m: GS + b'V' + m
-PAPER_FULL_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x00')  # Full cut paper
-PAPER_PART_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b'\x01')  # Partial cut paper
+_CUT_PAPER = lambda m: GS + b"V" + m
+PAPER_FULL_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b"\x00")  # Full cut paper
+PAPER_PART_CUT = _CUT_PAPER(b"\x01")  # Partial cut paper
 
-# Beep
-BEEP = b'\x07'
+# Beep (please note that the actual beep sequence may differ between devices)
+BEEP = b"\x07"
 
 # Panel buttons (e.g. the FEED button)
-_PANEL_BUTTON = lambda n: ESC + b'c5' + six.int2byte(n)
+_PANEL_BUTTON = lambda n: ESC + b"c5" + six.int2byte(n)
 PANEL_BUTTON_ON = _PANEL_BUTTON(0)  # enable all panel buttons
 PANEL_BUTTON_OFF = _PANEL_BUTTON(1)  # disable all panel buttons
 
 # Line display printing
-LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN = ESC + b'\x3d\x02'
-LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR = ESC + b'\x40'
-LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE = ESC + b'\x3d\x01'
+LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN = ESC + b"\x3d\x02"
+LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR = ESC + b"\x40"
+LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE = ESC + b"\x3d\x01"
 
 # Sheet modes
-SHEET_SLIP_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x04'  # slip paper
-SHEET_ROLL_MODE = ESC + b'\x63\x30\x01'  # paper roll
+SHEET_SLIP_MODE = ESC + b"\x63\x30\x04"  # slip paper
+SHEET_ROLL_MODE = ESC + b"\x63\x30\x01"  # paper roll
+
+# Slip specific codes
+SLIP_EJECT = ESC + b"\x4b\xc0"  # Eject the slip or cheque
+SLIP_SELECT = FS  # Select the slip station as default station
+SLIP_SET_WAIT_TIME = (
+    ESC + b"\x1b\x66"
+)  # Set timeout waiting for a slip/cheque to be inserted
+SLIP_PRINT_AND_EJECT = (
+    b"\x0c"  # Print the buffer and eject (after waiting for the paper to be inserted)
+)
 
 # Text format
 # TODO: Acquire the "ESC/POS Application Programming Guide for Paper Roll
 #       Printers" and tidy up this stuff too.
-TXT_SIZE       = GS + b'!'
+TXT_SIZE = GS + b"!"
 
-TXT_NORMAL     = ESC + b'!\x00'     # Normal text
+TXT_NORMAL = ESC + b"!\x00"  # Normal text
 
 
 TXT_STYLE = {
-    'bold': {
-        False: ESC + b'\x45\x00',               # Bold font OFF
-        True: ESC + b'\x45\x01'                 # Bold font ON
+    "bold": {
+        False: ESC + b"\x45\x00",  # Bold font OFF
+        True: ESC + b"\x45\x01",  # Bold font ON
     },
-    'underline': {
-        0: ESC + b'\x2d\x00',                   # Underline font OFF
-        1: ESC + b'\x2d\x01',                   # Underline font 1-dot ON
-        2: ESC + b'\x2d\x02'                    # Underline font 2-dot ON
+    "underline": {
+        0: ESC + b"\x2d\x00",  # Underline font OFF
+        1: ESC + b"\x2d\x01",  # Underline font 1-dot ON
+        2: ESC + b"\x2d\x02",  # Underline font 2-dot ON
     },
-    'size': {
-        'normal': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x00',  # Normal text
-        '2h': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x10',      # Double height text
-        '2w': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x20',      # Double width text
-        '2x': TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b'!\x30'       # Quad area text
+    "size": {
+        "normal": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x00",  # Normal text
+        "2h": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x10",  # Double height text
+        "2w": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x20",  # Double width text
+        "2x": TXT_NORMAL + ESC + b"!\x30",  # Quad area text
     },
-    'font': {
-        'a': ESC + b'\x4d\x00',                 # Font type A
-        'b': ESC + b'\x4d\x00'                  # Font type B
+    "font": {
+        "a": ESC + b"\x4d\x00",  # Font type A
+        "b": ESC + b"\x4d\x00",  # Font type B
     },
-    'align': {
-        'left': ESC + b'\x61\x00',              # Left justification
-        'center': ESC + b'\x61\x01',            # Centering
-        'right': ESC + b'\x61\x02'              # Right justification
+    "align": {
+        "left": ESC + b"\x61\x00",  # Left justification
+        "center": ESC + b"\x61\x01",  # Centering
+        "right": ESC + b"\x61\x02",  # Right justification
     },
-    'invert': {
-        True: GS  + b'\x42\x01',                # Inverse Printing ON
-        False: GS  + b'\x42\x00'                # Inverse Printing OFF
+    "invert": {
+        True: GS + b"\x42\x01",  # Inverse Printing ON
+        False: GS + b"\x42\x00",  # Inverse Printing OFF
     },
-    'color': {
-        'black': ESC + b'\x72\x00',             # Default Color
-        'red': ESC + b'\x72\x01'                # Alternative Color, Usually Red
+    "color": {
+        "black": ESC + b"\x72\x00",  # Default Color
+        "red": ESC + b"\x72\x01",  # Alternative Color, Usually Red
     },
-    'flip': {
-        True: ESC + b'\x7b\x01',                # Flip ON
-        False: ESC + b'\x7b\x00'                # Flip OFF
+    "flip": {True: ESC + b"\x7b\x01", False: ESC + b"\x7b\x00"},  # Flip ON  # Flip OFF
+    "density": {
+        0: GS + b"\x7c\x00",  # Printing Density -50%
+        1: GS + b"\x7c\x01",  # Printing Density -37.5%
+        2: GS + b"\x7c\x02",  # Printing Density -25%
+        3: GS + b"\x7c\x03",  # Printing Density -12.5%
+        4: GS + b"\x7c\x04",  # Printing Density  0%
+        5: GS + b"\x7c\x08",  # Printing Density +50%
+        6: GS + b"\x7c\x07",  # Printing Density +37.5%
+        7: GS + b"\x7c\x06",  # Printing Density +25%
+        8: GS + b"\x7c\x05",  # Printing Density +12.5%
     },
-    'density': {
-        0: GS + b'\x7c\x00',                    # Printing Density -50%
-        1: GS + b'\x7c\x01',                    # Printing Density -37.5%
-        2: GS + b'\x7c\x02',                    # Printing Density -25%
-        3: GS + b'\x7c\x03',                    # Printing Density -12.5%
-        4: GS + b'\x7c\x04',                    # Printing Density  0%
-        5: GS + b'\x7c\x08',                    # Printing Density +50%
-        6: GS + b'\x7c\x07',                    # Printing Density +37.5%
-        7: GS + b'\x7c\x06',                    # Printing Density +25%
-        8: GS + b'\x7c\x05'                     # Printing Density +12.5%
+    "smooth": {
+        True: GS + b"\x62\x01",  # Smooth ON
+        False: GS + b"\x62\x00",  # Smooth OFF
     },
-    'smooth': {
-        True: GS + b'\x62\x01',                 # Smooth ON
-        False: GS + b'\x62\x00'                 # Smooth OFF
-    },
-    'height': {                                 # Custom text height
+    "height": {  # Custom text height
         1: 0x00,
         2: 0x01,
         3: 0x02,
@@ -141,9 +152,9 @@ TXT_STYLE = {
         5: 0x04,
         6: 0x05,
         7: 0x06,
-        8: 0x07
+        8: 0x07,
     },
-    'width': {                                  # Custom text width
+    "width": {  # Custom text width
         1: 0x00,
         2: 0x10,
         3: 0x20,
@@ -151,83 +162,104 @@ TXT_STYLE = {
         5: 0x40,
         6: 0x50,
         7: 0x60,
-        8: 0x70
-    }
+        8: 0x70,
+    },
 }
 
 # Fonts
-SET_FONT = lambda n: ESC + b'\x4d' + n
-TXT_FONT_A     = SET_FONT(b'\x00')  # Font type A
-TXT_FONT_B     = SET_FONT(b'\x01')  # Font type B
+SET_FONT = lambda n: ESC + b"\x4d" + n
+TXT_FONT_A = SET_FONT(b"\x00")  # Font type A
+TXT_FONT_B = SET_FONT(b"\x01")  # Font type B
 
 # Spacing
-LINESPACING_RESET = ESC + b'2'
+LINESPACING_RESET = ESC + b"2"
 LINESPACING_FUNCS = {
-  60: ESC + b'A',  # line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
-  360: ESC + b'+', # line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
-  180: ESC + b'3', # line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+    60: ESC + b"A",  # line_spacing/60 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 85
+    360: ESC + b"+",  # line_spacing/360 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
+    180: ESC + b"3",  # line_spacing/180 of an inch, 0 <= line_spacing <= 255
 }
 
 # Prefix to change the codepage. You need to attach a byte to indicate
 # the codepage to use. We use escpos-printer-db as the data source.
-CODEPAGE_CHANGE = ESC + b'\x74'
+CODEPAGE_CHANGE = ESC + b"\x74"
 
 # Barcode format
-_SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS = lambda n: GS + b'H' + n
-BARCODE_TXT_OFF = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x00')  # HRI barcode chars OFF
-BARCODE_TXT_ABV = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x01')  # HRI barcode chars above
-BARCODE_TXT_BLW = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x02')  # HRI barcode chars below
-BARCODE_TXT_BTH = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b'\x03')  # HRI both above and below
+_SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS = lambda n: GS + b"H" + n
+BARCODE_TXT_OFF = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x00")  # HRI barcode chars OFF
+BARCODE_TXT_ABV = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x01")  # HRI barcode chars above
+BARCODE_TXT_BLW = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x02")  # HRI barcode chars below
+BARCODE_TXT_BTH = _SET_BARCODE_TXT_POS(b"\x03")  # HRI both above and below
 
-_SET_HRI_FONT = lambda n: GS + b'f' + n
-BARCODE_FONT_A = _SET_HRI_FONT(b'\x00')  # Font type A for HRI barcode chars
-BARCODE_FONT_B = _SET_HRI_FONT(b'\x01')  # Font type B for HRI barcode chars
+_SET_HRI_FONT = lambda n: GS + b"f" + n
+BARCODE_FONT_A = _SET_HRI_FONT(b"\x00")  # Font type A for HRI barcode chars
+BARCODE_FONT_B = _SET_HRI_FONT(b"\x01")  # Font type B for HRI barcode chars
 
-BARCODE_HEIGHT = GS + b'h'  # Barcode Height [1-255]
-BARCODE_WIDTH  = GS + b'w'  # Barcode Width  [2-6]
+BARCODE_HEIGHT = GS + b"h"  # Barcode Height [1-255]
+BARCODE_WIDTH = GS + b"w"  # Barcode Width  [2-6]
 
 # NOTE: This isn't actually an ESC/POS command. It's the common prefix to the
 #      two "print bar code" commands:
 #      -  Type A: "GS k <type as integer> <data> NUL"
 #      -  TYPE B: "GS k <type as letter> <data length> <data>"
 #      The latter command supports more barcode types
-_SET_BARCODE_TYPE = lambda m: GS + b'k' + six.int2byte(m)
+_SET_BARCODE_TYPE = lambda m: GS + b"k" + six.int2byte(m)
 
 # Barcodes for printing function type A
 BARCODE_TYPE_A = {
-    'UPC-A':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(0),
-    'UPC-E':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(1),
-    'EAN13':   _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(2),
-    'EAN8':    _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(3),
-    'CODE39':  _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(4),
-    'ITF':     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(5),
-    'NW7':     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),
-    'CODABAR': _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),  # Same as NW7
+    "UPC-A": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(0),
+    "UPC-E": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(1),
+    "EAN13": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(2),
+    "EAN8": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(3),
+    "CODE39": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(4),
+    "ITF": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(5),
+    "NW7": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),
+    "CODABAR": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(6),  # Same as NW7
 }
 
 # Barcodes for printing function type B
 # The first 8 are the same barcodes as type A
 BARCODE_TYPE_B = {
-    'UPC-A':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(65),
-    'UPC-E':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(66),
-    'EAN13':                       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(67),
-    'EAN8':                        _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(68),
-    'CODE39':                      _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(69),
-    'ITF':                         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(70),
-    'NW7':                         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),
-    'CODABAR':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),  # Same as NW7
-    'CODE93':                      _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(72),
-    'CODE128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73),
-    'GS1-128':                     _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(74),
-    'GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL': _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(75),
-    'GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED':       _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(76),
-    'GS1 DATABAR LIMITED':         _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(77),
-    'GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED':        _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(78),
+    "UPC-A": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(65),
+    "UPC-E": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(66),
+    "EAN13": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(67),
+    "EAN8": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(68),
+    "CODE39": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(69),
+    "ITF": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(70),
+    "NW7": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),
+    "CODABAR": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(71),  # Same as NW7
+    "CODE93": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(72),
+    "CODE128": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(73),
+    "GS1-128": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(74),
+    "GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(75),
+    "GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(76),
+    "GS1 DATABAR LIMITED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(77),
+    "GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED": _SET_BARCODE_TYPE(78),
+}
+
+BARCODE_FORMATS = {
+    "UPC-A": ([(11, 12)], "^[0-9]{11,12}$"),
+    "UPC-E": ([(7, 8), (11, 12)], "^([0-9]{7,8}|[0-9]{11,12})$"),
+    "EAN13": ([(12, 13)], "^[0-9]{12,13}$"),
+    "EAN8": ([(7, 8)], "^[0-9]{7,8}$"),
+    "CODE39": ([(1, 255)], "^([0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+|\*[0-9A-Z \$\%\+\-\.\/]+\*)$"),
+    "ITF": ([(2, 255)], "^([0-9]{2})+$"),
+    "NW7": ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),
+    "CODABAR": ([(1, 255)], "^[A-Da-d][0-9\$\+\-\.\/\:]+[A-Da-d]$"),  # Same as NW7
+    "CODE93": ([(1, 255)], "^[\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
+    "CODE128": ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),
+    "GS1-128": ([(2, 255)], "^\{[A-C][\\x00-\\x7F]+$"),  # same as CODE128
+    "GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL": ([(13, 13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"),
+    "GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED": ([(13, 13)], "^[0-9]{13}$"),  # same as GS1 omnidirectional
+    "GS1 DATABAR LIMITED": ([(13, 13)], "^[01][0-9]{12}$"),
+    "GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED": (
+        [(2, 255)],
+        "^\([0-9][A-Za-z0-9 \!\"\%\&'\(\)\*\+\,\-\.\/\:\;\<\=\>\?\_\{]+$",
+    ),
 }
 
 BARCODE_TYPES = {
-    'A': BARCODE_TYPE_A,
-    'B': BARCODE_TYPE_B,
+    "A": BARCODE_TYPE_A,
+    "B": BARCODE_TYPE_B,
 }
 
 # QRCode error correction levels
@@ -244,16 +276,16 @@ QR_MICRO = 3
 # Image format
 # NOTE: _PRINT_RASTER_IMG is the obsolete ESC/POS "print raster bit image"
 #       command. The constants include a fragment of the data's header.
-_PRINT_RASTER_IMG = lambda data: GS + b'v0' + data
-S_RASTER_N  = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x00')  # Set raster image normal size
-S_RASTER_2W = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x01')  # Set raster image double width
-S_RASTER_2H = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x02')  # Set raster image double height
-S_RASTER_Q  = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b'\x03')  # Set raster image quadruple
+_PRINT_RASTER_IMG = lambda data: GS + b"v0" + data
+S_RASTER_N = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x00")  # Set raster image normal size
+S_RASTER_2W = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x01")  # Set raster image double width
+S_RASTER_2H = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x02")  # Set raster image double height
+S_RASTER_Q = _PRINT_RASTER_IMG(b"\x03")  # Set raster image quadruple
 
 # Status Command
 RT_STATUS = DLE + EOT
-RT_STATUS_ONLINE = RT_STATUS +  b'\x01'
-RT_STATUS_PAPER = RT_STATUS +  b'\x04'
+RT_STATUS_ONLINE = RT_STATUS + b"\x01"
+RT_STATUS_PAPER = RT_STATUS + b"\x04"
 RT_MASK_ONLINE = 8
 RT_MASK_PAPER = 18
 RT_MASK_LOWPAPER = 30

src/escpos/escpos.py

@@ -10,30 +10,68 @@ This module contains the abstract base class :py:class:`Escpos`.
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import qrcode
 import textwrap
 import six
 import time
+from re import match as re_match
 
 import barcode
 from barcode.writer import ImageWriter
 
-from .constants import ESC, GS, NUL, QR_ECLEVEL_L, QR_ECLEVEL_M, QR_ECLEVEL_H, QR_ECLEVEL_Q
-from .constants import QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO, BARCODE_TYPES, BARCODE_HEIGHT, BARCODE_WIDTH
-from .constants import BARCODE_FONT_A, BARCODE_FONT_B
-from .constants import BARCODE_TXT_OFF, BARCODE_TXT_BTH, BARCODE_TXT_ABV, BARCODE_TXT_BLW
+import os
+
+from .constants import (
+    ESC,
+    GS,
+    NUL,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_L,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_M,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_H,
+    QR_ECLEVEL_Q,
+    SHEET_ROLL_MODE,
+    SHEET_SLIP_MODE,
+    SLIP_PRINT_AND_EJECT,
+    SLIP_SELECT,
+    SLIP_EJECT,
+)
+from .constants import (
+    QR_MODEL_1,
+    QR_MODEL_2,
+    QR_MICRO,
+    BARCODE_TYPES,
+    BARCODE_HEIGHT,
+    BARCODE_WIDTH,
+)
+from .constants import BARCODE_FONT_A, BARCODE_FONT_B, BARCODE_FORMATS
+from .constants import (
+    BARCODE_TXT_OFF,
+    BARCODE_TXT_BTH,
+    BARCODE_TXT_ABV,
+    BARCODE_TXT_BLW,
+)
 from .constants import TXT_SIZE, TXT_NORMAL
 from .constants import SET_FONT
 from .constants import LINESPACING_FUNCS, LINESPACING_RESET
 from .constants import LINE_DISPLAY_OPEN, LINE_DISPLAY_CLEAR, LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE
-from .constants import CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE, CD_KICK_5, CD_KICK_2, PAPER_FULL_CUT, PAPER_PART_CUT
+from .constants import (
+    CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE,
+    CD_KICK_5,
+    CD_KICK_2,
+    PAPER_FULL_CUT,
+    PAPER_PART_CUT,
+)
 from .constants import HW_RESET, HW_SELECT, HW_INIT
-from .constants import CTL_VT, CTL_CR, CTL_FF, CTL_LF, CTL_SET_HT, PANEL_BUTTON_OFF, PANEL_BUTTON_ON
+from .constants import (
+    CTL_VT,
+    CTL_CR,
+    CTL_FF,
+    CTL_LF,
+    CTL_SET_HT,
+    PANEL_BUTTON_OFF,
+    PANEL_BUTTON_ON,
+)
 from .constants import TXT_STYLE
 from .constants import RT_STATUS_ONLINE, RT_MASK_ONLINE
 from .constants import RT_STATUS_PAPER, RT_MASK_PAPER, RT_MASK_LOWPAPER, RT_MASK_NOPAPER
@@ -51,27 +89,28 @@ from escpos.capabilities import get_profile, BARCODE_B
 
 @six.add_metaclass(ABCMeta)
 class Escpos(object):
-    """ ESC/POS Printer object
+    """ESC/POS Printer object
 
     This class is the abstract base class for an esc/pos-printer. The printer implementations are children of this
     class.
     """
+
     device = None
 
     def __init__(self, profile=None, magic_encode_args=None, **kwargs):
-        """ Initialize ESCPOS Printer
+        """Initialize ESCPOS Printer
 
         :param profile: Printer profile"""
         self.profile = get_profile(profile)
         self.magic = MagicEncode(self, **(magic_encode_args or {}))
 
     def __del__(self):
-        """ call self.close upon deletion """
+        """call self.close upon deletion"""
         self.close()
 
     @abstractmethod
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Sends raw data to the printer
+        """Sends raw data to the printer
 
         This function has to be individually implemented by the implementations.
 
@@ -80,15 +119,22 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
         pass
 
-    def _read(self, msg):
-        """ Returns a NotImplementedError if the instance of the class doesn't override this method.
+    def _read(self):
+        """Returns a NotImplementedError if the instance of the class doesn't override this method.
         :raises NotImplementedError
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def image(self, img_source, high_density_vertical=True, high_density_horizontal=True, impl="bitImageRaster",
-              fragment_height=960):
-        """ Print an image
+    def image(
+        self,
+        img_source,
+        high_density_vertical=True,
+        high_density_horizontal=True,
+        impl="bitImageRaster",
+        fragment_height=960,
+        center=False,
+    ):
+        """Print an image
 
         You can select whether the printer should print in high density or not. The default value is high density.
         When printing in low density, the image will be stretched.
@@ -103,19 +149,33 @@ class Escpos(object):
             * `graphics`: prints with the `GS ( L`-command
             * `bitImageColumn`: prints with the `ESC *`-command
 
+        When trying to center an image make sure you have initialized the printer with a valid profile, that
+        contains a media width pixel field. Otherwise the centering will have no effect.
+
         :param img_source: PIL image or filename to load: `jpg`, `gif`, `png` or `bmp`
         :param high_density_vertical: print in high density in vertical direction *default:* True
         :param high_density_horizontal: print in high density in horizontal direction *default:* True
         :param impl: choose image printing mode between `bitImageRaster`, `graphics` or `bitImageColumn`
         :param fragment_height: Images larger than this will be split into multiple fragments *default:* 960
+        :param center: Center image horizontally *default:* False
 
         """
         im = EscposImage(img_source)
 
         try:
-            max_width = int(self.profile.profile_data['media']['width']['pixels'])
+            if self.profile.profile_data["media"]["width"]["pixels"] == "Unknown":
+                print(
+                    "The media.width.pixel field of the printer profile is not set. "
+                    + "The center flag will have no effect."
+                )
+
+            max_width = int(self.profile.profile_data["media"]["width"]["pixels"])
+
             if im.width > max_width:
-                raise ImageWidthError('{} > {}'.format(im.width, max_width))
+                raise ImageWidthError("{} > {}".format(im.width, max_width))
+
+            if center:
+                im.center(max_width)
         except KeyError:
             # If the printer's pixel width is not known, print anyways...
             pass
@@ -126,41 +186,59 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if im.height > fragment_height:
             fragments = im.split(fragment_height)
             for fragment in fragments:
-                self.image(fragment,
+                self.image(
+                    fragment,
                     high_density_vertical=high_density_vertical,
                     high_density_horizontal=high_density_horizontal,
                     impl=impl,
-                           fragment_height=fragment_height)
+                    fragment_height=fragment_height,
+                )
             return
 
         if impl == "bitImageRaster":
             # GS v 0, raster format bit image
-            density_byte = (0 if high_density_horizontal else 1) + (0 if high_density_vertical else 2)
-            header = GS + b"v0" + six.int2byte(density_byte) + self._int_low_high(im.width_bytes, 2) +\
-                self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
+            density_byte = (0 if high_density_horizontal else 1) + (
+                0 if high_density_vertical else 2
+            )
+            header = (
+                GS
+                + b"v0"
+                + six.int2byte(density_byte)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.width_bytes, 2)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
+            )
             self._raw(header + im.to_raster_format())
 
         if impl == "graphics":
             # GS ( L raster format graphics
-            img_header = self._int_low_high(im.width, 2) + self._int_low_high(im.height, 2)
-            tone = b'0'
-            colors = b'1'
+            img_header = self._int_low_high(im.width, 2) + self._int_low_high(
+                im.height, 2
+            )
+            tone = b"0"
+            colors = b"1"
             ym = six.int2byte(1 if high_density_vertical else 2)
             xm = six.int2byte(1 if high_density_horizontal else 2)
             header = tone + xm + ym + colors + img_header
             raster_data = im.to_raster_format()
-            self._image_send_graphics_data(b'0', b'p', header + raster_data)
-            self._image_send_graphics_data(b'0', b'2', b'')
+            self._image_send_graphics_data(b"0", b"p", header + raster_data)
+            self._image_send_graphics_data(b"0", b"2", b"")
 
         if impl == "bitImageColumn":
             # ESC *, column format bit image
-            density_byte = (1 if high_density_horizontal else 0) + (32 if high_density_vertical else 0)
-            header = ESC + b"*" + six.int2byte(density_byte) + self._int_low_high(im.width, 2)
+            density_byte = (1 if high_density_horizontal else 0) + (
+                32 if high_density_vertical else 0
+            )
+            header = (
+                ESC
+                + b"*"
+                + six.int2byte(density_byte)
+                + self._int_low_high(im.width, 2)
+            )
             outp = [ESC + b"3" + six.int2byte(16)]  # Adjust line-feed size
             for blob in im.to_column_format(high_density_vertical):
                 outp.append(header + blob + b"\n")
             outp.append(ESC + b"2")  # Reset line-feed size
-            self._raw(b''.join(outp))
+            self._raw(b"".join(outp))
 
     def _image_send_graphics_data(self, m, fn, data):
         """
@@ -171,10 +249,19 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :param data: Data to send
         """
         header = self._int_low_high(len(data) + 2, 2)
-        self._raw(GS + b'(L' + header + m + fn + data)
+        self._raw(GS + b"(L" + header + m + fn + data)
 
-    def qr(self, content, ec=QR_ECLEVEL_L, size=3, model=QR_MODEL_2, native=False):
-        """ Print QR Code for the provided string
+    def qr(
+        self,
+        content,
+        ec=QR_ECLEVEL_L,
+        size=3,
+        model=QR_MODEL_2,
+        native=False,
+        center=False,
+        impl="bitImageRaster",
+    ):
+        """Print QR Code for the provided string
 
         :param content: The content of the code. Numeric data will be more efficiently compacted.
         :param ec: Error-correction level to use. One of QR_ECLEVEL_L (default), QR_ECLEVEL_M, QR_ECLEVEL_Q or
@@ -185,6 +272,8 @@ class Escpos(object):
             by all printers).
         :param native: True to render the code on the printer, False to render the code as an image and send it to the
             printer (Default)
+        :param center: Centers the code *default:* False
+        :param impl: Image-printing-implementation, refer to :meth:`.image()` for details
         """
         # Basic validation
         if ec not in [QR_ECLEVEL_L, QR_ECLEVEL_M, QR_ECLEVEL_H, QR_ECLEVEL_Q]:
@@ -192,45 +281,60 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if not 1 <= size <= 16:
             raise ValueError("Invalid block size (must be 1-16)")
         if model not in [QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO]:
-            raise ValueError("Invalid QR model (must be one of QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO)")
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Invalid QR model (must be one of QR_MODEL_1, QR_MODEL_2, QR_MICRO)"
+            )
         if content == "":
             # Handle edge case by printing nothing.
             return
         if not native:
             # Map ESC/POS error correction levels to python 'qrcode' library constant and render to an image
             if model != QR_MODEL_2:
-                raise ValueError("Invalid QR model for qrlib rendering (must be QR_MODEL_2)")
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Invalid QR model for qrlib rendering (must be QR_MODEL_2)"
+                )
             python_qr_ec = {
                 QR_ECLEVEL_H: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
                 QR_ECLEVEL_L: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_L,
                 QR_ECLEVEL_M: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,
-                QR_ECLEVEL_Q: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_Q
+                QR_ECLEVEL_Q: qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_Q,
             }
-            qr_code = qrcode.QRCode(version=None, box_size=size, border=1, error_correction=python_qr_ec[ec])
+            qr_code = qrcode.QRCode(
+                version=None, box_size=size, border=1, error_correction=python_qr_ec[ec]
+            )
             qr_code.add_data(content)
             qr_code.make(fit=True)
             qr_img = qr_code.make_image()
             im = qr_img._img.convert("RGB")
+
             # Convert the RGB image in printable image
-            self.text('\n')
-            self.image(im)
-            self.text('\n')
-            self.text('\n')
+            self.text("\n")
+            self.image(im, center=center, impl=impl)
+            self.text("\n")
+            self.text("\n")
             return
+
+        if center:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "Centering not implemented for native QR rendering"
+            )
+
         # Native 2D code printing
-        cn = b'1'  # Code type for QR code
+        cn = b"1"  # Code type for QR code
         # Select model: 1, 2 or micro.
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(65), cn, six.int2byte(48 + model) + six.int2byte(0))
+        self._send_2d_code_data(
+            six.int2byte(65), cn, six.int2byte(48 + model) + six.int2byte(0)
+        )
         # Set dot size.
         self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(67), cn, six.int2byte(size))
         # Set error correction level: L, M, Q, or H
         self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(69), cn, six.int2byte(48 + ec))
         # Send content & print
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(80), cn, content.encode('utf-8'), b'0')
-        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(81), cn, b'', b'0')
+        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(80), cn, content.encode("utf-8"), b"0")
+        self._send_2d_code_data(six.int2byte(81), cn, b"", b"0")
 
-    def _send_2d_code_data(self, fn, cn, data, m=b''):
-        """ Wrapper for GS ( k, to calculate and send correct data length.
+    def _send_2d_code_data(self, fn, cn, data, m=b""):
+        """Wrapper for GS ( k, to calculate and send correct data length.
 
         :param fn: Function to use.
         :param cn: Output code type. Affects available data.
@@ -240,28 +344,32 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if len(m) > 1 or len(cn) != 1 or len(fn) != 1:
             raise ValueError("cn and fn must be one byte each.")
         header = self._int_low_high(len(data) + len(m) + 2, 2)
-        self._raw(GS + b'(k' + header + cn + fn + m + data)
+        self._raw(GS + b"(k" + header + cn + fn + m + data)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _int_low_high(inp_number, out_bytes):
-        """ Generate multiple bytes for a number: In lower and higher parts, or more parts as needed.
+        """Generate multiple bytes for a number: In lower and higher parts, or more parts as needed.
 
         :param inp_number: Input number
         :param out_bytes: The number of bytes to output (1 - 4).
         """
-        max_input = (256 << (out_bytes * 8) - 1)
+        max_input = 256 << (out_bytes * 8) - 1
         if not 1 <= out_bytes <= 4:
             raise ValueError("Can only output 1-4 bytes")
         if not 0 <= inp_number <= max_input:
-            raise ValueError("Number too large. Can only output up to {0} in {1} bytes".format(max_input, out_bytes))
-        outp = b''
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Number too large. Can only output up to {0} in {1} bytes".format(
+                    max_input, out_bytes
+                )
+            )
+        outp = b""
         for _ in range(0, out_bytes):
             outp += six.int2byte(inp_number % 256)
             inp_number //= 256
         return outp
 
     def charcode(self, code="AUTO"):
-        """ Set Character Code Table
+        """Set Character Code Table
 
         Sets the control sequence from ``CHARCODE`` in :py:mod:`escpos.constants` as active. It will be sent with
         the next text sequence. If you set the variable code to ``AUTO`` it will try to automatically guess the
@@ -275,17 +383,54 @@ class Escpos(object):
         else:
             self.magic.force_encoding(code)
 
-    def barcode(self, code, bc, height=64, width=3, pos="BELOW", font="A",
-                align_ct=True, function_type=None):
-        """ Print Barcode
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_barcode(bc, code):
+        """
+        This method checks if the barcode is in the proper format.
+        The validation concerns the barcode length and the set of characters, but won't compute/validate any checksum.
+        The full set of requirement for each barcode type is available in the ESC/POS documentation.
+
+        As an example, using EAN13, the barcode `12345678901` will be correct, because it can be rendered by the
+        printer. But it does not suit the EAN13 standard, because the checksum digit is missing. Adding a wrong
+        checksum in the end will also be considered correct, but adding a letter won't (EAN13 is numeric only).
+
+        .. todo:: Add a method to compute the checksum for the different standards
+
+        .. todo:: For fixed-length standards with mandatory checksum (EAN, UPC),
+            compute and add the checksum automatically if missing.
+
+        :param bc: barcode format, see :py:meth:`.barcode()`
+        :param code: alphanumeric data to be printed as bar code, see :py:meth:`.barcode()`
+        :return: bool
+        """
+        if bc not in BARCODE_FORMATS:
+            return False
+
+        bounds, regex = BARCODE_FORMATS[bc]
+        return any(bound[0] <= len(code) <= bound[1] for bound in bounds) and re_match(
+            regex, code
+        )
+
+    def barcode(
+        self,
+        code,
+        bc,
+        height=64,
+        width=3,
+        pos="BELOW",
+        font="A",
+        align_ct=True,
+        function_type=None,
+        check=True,
+    ):
+        """Print Barcode
 
         This method allows to print barcodes. The rendering of the barcode is done by the printer and therefore has to
-        be supported by the unit. Currently you have to check manually whether your barcode text is correct. Uncorrect
-        barcodes may lead to unexpected printer behaviour. There are two forms of the barcode function. Type A is
-        default but has fewer barcodes, while type B has some more to choose from.
-
-        .. todo:: Add a method to check barcode codes. Alternatively or as an addition write explanations about each
-                  barcode-type. Research whether the check digits can be computed autmatically.
+        be supported by the unit. By default, this method will check whether your barcode text is correct, that is
+        the characters and lengths are supported by ESCPOS. Call the method with `check=False` to disable the check, but
+        note that uncorrect barcodes may lead to unexpected printer behaviour.
+        There are two forms of the barcode function. Type A is default but has fewer barcodes,
+        while type B has some more to choose from.
 
         Use the parameters `height` and `width` for adjusting of the barcode size. Please take notice that the barcode
         will not be printed if it is outside of the printable area. (Which should be impossible with this method, so
@@ -353,37 +498,56 @@ class Escpos(object):
             function based on the current profile.
             *default*: A
 
+        :param check: If this parameter is True, the barcode format will be checked to ensure it meets the bc
+            requirements as definged in the ESC/POS documentation. See :py:meth:`.check_barcode()`
+            for more information. *default*: True.
+
         :raises: :py:exc:`~escpos.exceptions.BarcodeSizeError`,
                  :py:exc:`~escpos.exceptions.BarcodeTypeError`,
                  :py:exc:`~escpos.exceptions.BarcodeCodeError`
         """
         if function_type is None:
             # Choose the function type automatically.
-            if bc in BARCODE_TYPES['A']:
-                function_type = 'A'
+            if bc in BARCODE_TYPES["A"]:
+                function_type = "A"
             else:
-                if bc in BARCODE_TYPES['B']:
+                if bc in BARCODE_TYPES["B"]:
                     if not self.profile.supports(BARCODE_B):
-                        raise BarcodeTypeError((
+                        raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                            (
                                 "Barcode type '{bc} not supported for "
-                            "the current printer profile").format(bc=bc))
-                    function_type = 'B'
+                                "the current printer profile"
+                            ).format(bc=bc)
+                        )
+                    function_type = "B"
                 else:
-                    raise BarcodeTypeError((
-                        "Barcode type '{bc} is not valid").format(bc=bc))
+                    raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                        ("Barcode type '{bc} is not valid").format(bc=bc)
+                    )
 
         bc_types = BARCODE_TYPES[function_type.upper()]
         if bc.upper() not in bc_types.keys():
-            raise BarcodeTypeError((
-                "Barcode type '{bc}' not valid for barcode function type "
-                "{function_type}").format(
+            raise BarcodeTypeError(
+                (
+                    "Barcode '{bc}' not valid for barcode function type "
+                    "{function_type}"
+                ).format(
                     bc=bc,
                     function_type=function_type,
-                ))
+                )
+            )
+
+        if check and not self.check_barcode(bc, code):
+            raise BarcodeCodeError(
+                ("Barcode '{code}' not in a valid format for type '{bc}'").format(
+                    code=code,
+                    bc=bc,
+                )
+            )
 
         # Align Bar Code()
         if align_ct:
-            self._raw(TXT_STYLE['align']['center'])
+            self._raw(TXT_STYLE["align"]["center"])
         # Height
         if 1 <= height <= 255:
             self._raw(BARCODE_HEIGHT + six.int2byte(height))
@@ -423,33 +587,43 @@ class Escpos(object):
         if function_type.upper() == "A":
             self._raw(NUL)
 
-    def soft_barcode(self, barcode_type, data, impl='bitImageColumn',
-                     module_height=5, module_width=0.2, text_distance=1):
-
+    def soft_barcode(
+        self,
+        barcode_type,
+        data,
+        impl="bitImageColumn",
+        module_height=5,
+        module_width=0.2,
+        text_distance=1,
+        center=True,
+    ):
         image_writer = ImageWriter()
 
         # Check if barcode type exists
         if barcode_type not in barcode.PROVIDED_BARCODES:
             raise BarcodeTypeError(
-                'Barcode type {} not supported by software barcode renderer'
-                .format(barcode_type))
+                "Barcode type {} not supported by software barcode renderer".format(
+                    barcode_type
+                )
+            )
 
-        # Render the barcode to a fake file
+        # Render the barcode
         barcode_class = barcode.get_barcode_class(barcode_type)
         my_code = barcode_class(data, writer=image_writer)
-
-        my_code.write("/dev/null", {
-            'module_height': module_height,
-            'module_width': module_width,
-            'text_distance': text_distance
-        })
+        my_code.render(
+            writer_options={
+                "module_height": module_height,
+                "module_width": module_width,
+                "text_distance": text_distance,
+            }
+        )
 
         # Retrieve the Pillow image and print it
         image = my_code.writer._image
-        self.image(image, impl=impl)
+        self.image(image, impl=impl, center=center)
 
     def text(self, txt):
-        """ Print alpha-numeric text
+        """Print alpha-numeric text
 
         The text has to be encoded in the currently selected codepage.
         The input text has to be encoded in unicode.
@@ -460,7 +634,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         txt = six.text_type(txt)
         self.magic.write(txt)
 
-    def textln(self, txt=''):
+    def textln(self, txt=""):
         """Print alpha-numeric text with a newline
 
         The text has to be encoded in the currently selected codepage.
@@ -469,7 +643,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :param txt: text to be printed with a newline
         :raises: :py:exc:`~escpos.exceptions.TextError`
         """
-        self.text('{}\n'.format(txt))
+        self.text("{}\n".format(txt))
 
     def ln(self, count=1):
         """Print a newline or more
@@ -478,12 +652,12 @@ class Escpos(object):
         :raises: :py:exc:`ValueError` if count < 0
         """
         if count < 0:
-            raise ValueError('Count cannot be lesser than 0')
+            raise ValueError("Count cannot be lesser than 0")
         if count > 0:
-            self.text('\n' * count)
+            self.text("\n" * count)
 
-    def block_text(self, txt, font=None, columns=None):
-        """ Text is printed wrapped to specified columns
+    def block_text(self, txt, font="0", columns=None):
+        """Text is printed wrapped to specified columns
 
         Text has to be encoded in unicode.
 
@@ -495,10 +669,23 @@ class Escpos(object):
         col_count = self.profile.get_columns(font) if columns is None else columns
         self.text(textwrap.fill(txt, col_count))
 
-    def set(self, align='left', font='a', bold=False, underline=0, width=1,
-            height=1, density=9, invert=False, smooth=False, flip=False,
-            double_width=False, double_height=False, custom_size=False):
-        """ Set text properties by sending them to the printer
+    def set(
+        self,
+        align="left",
+        font="a",
+        bold=False,
+        underline=0,
+        width=1,
+        height=1,
+        density=9,
+        invert=False,
+        smooth=False,
+        flip=False,
+        double_width=False,
+        double_height=False,
+        custom_size=False,
+    ):
+        """Set text properties by sending them to the printer
 
         :param align: horizontal position for text, possible values are:
 
@@ -539,37 +726,41 @@ class Escpos(object):
         """
 
         if custom_size:
-            if 1 <= width <= 8 and 1 <= height <= 8 and isinstance(width, int) and\
-              isinstance(height, int):
-                size_byte = TXT_STYLE['width'][width] + TXT_STYLE['height'][height]
+            if (
+                1 <= width <= 8
+                and 1 <= height <= 8
+                and isinstance(width, int)
+                and isinstance(height, int)
+            ):
+                size_byte = TXT_STYLE["width"][width] + TXT_STYLE["height"][height]
                 self._raw(TXT_SIZE + six.int2byte(size_byte))
             else:
                 raise SetVariableError()
         else:
             self._raw(TXT_NORMAL)
             if double_width and double_height:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2x'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2x"])
             elif double_width:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2w'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2w"])
             elif double_height:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['2h'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["2h"])
             else:
-                self._raw(TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'])
+                self._raw(TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"])
 
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['flip'][flip])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['smooth'][smooth])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['bold'][bold])
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['underline'][underline])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["flip"][flip])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["smooth"][smooth])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["bold"][bold])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["underline"][underline])
         self._raw(SET_FONT(six.int2byte(self.profile.get_font(font))))
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['align'][align])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["align"][align])
 
         if density != 9:
-            self._raw(TXT_STYLE['density'][density])
+            self._raw(TXT_STYLE["density"][density])
 
-        self._raw(TXT_STYLE['invert'][invert])
+        self._raw(TXT_STYLE["invert"][invert])
 
     def line_spacing(self, spacing=None, divisor=180):
-        """ Set line character spacing.
+        """Set line character spacing.
 
         If no spacing is given, we reset it to the default.
 
@@ -589,51 +780,52 @@ class Escpos(object):
 
         if divisor not in LINESPACING_FUNCS:
             raise ValueError("divisor must be either 360, 180 or 60")
-        if (divisor in [360, 180]
-                and (not(0 <= spacing <= 255))):
-            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 255 when divisor is 360 or 180")
-        if divisor == 60 and (not(0 <= spacing <= 85)):
-            raise ValueError("spacing must be a int between 0 and 85 when divisor is 60")
+        if divisor in [360, 180] and (not (0 <= spacing <= 255)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "spacing must be a int between 0 and 255 when divisor is 360 or 180"
+            )
+        if divisor == 60 and (not (0 <= spacing <= 85)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "spacing must be a int between 0 and 85 when divisor is 60"
+            )
 
         self._raw(LINESPACING_FUNCS[divisor] + six.int2byte(spacing))
 
-    def cut(self, mode='FULL', feed=True):
-        """ Cut paper.
+    def cut(self, mode="FULL", feed=True):
+        """Cut paper.
 
         Without any arguments the paper will be cut completely. With 'mode=PART' a partial cut will
         be attempted. Note however, that not all models can do a partial cut. See the documentation of
         your printer for details.
 
-        .. todo:: Check this function on TM-T88II.
-
         :param mode: set to 'PART' for a partial cut. default: 'FULL'
         :param feed: print and feed before cutting. default: true
         :raises ValueError: if mode not in ('FULL', 'PART')
         """
 
         if not feed:
-            self._raw(GS + b'V' + six.int2byte(66) + b'\x00')
+            self._raw(GS + b"V" + six.int2byte(66) + b"\x00")
             return
 
         self.print_and_feed(6)
 
         mode = mode.upper()
-        if mode not in ('FULL', 'PART'):
+        if mode not in ("FULL", "PART"):
             raise ValueError("Mode must be one of ('FULL', 'PART')")
 
         if mode == "PART":
-            if self.profile.supports('paperPartCut'):
+            if self.profile.supports("paperPartCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_PART_CUT)
-            elif self.profile.supports('paperFullCut'):
+            elif self.profile.supports("paperFullCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_FULL_CUT)
         elif mode == "FULL":
-            if self.profile.supports('paperFullCut'):
+            if self.profile.supports("paperFullCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_FULL_CUT)
-            elif self.profile.supports('paperPartCut'):
+            elif self.profile.supports("paperPartCut"):
                 self._raw(PAPER_PART_CUT)
 
     def cashdraw(self, pin):
-        """ Send pulse to kick the cash drawer
+        """Send pulse to kick the cash drawer
 
         Kick cash drawer on pin 2 or pin 5 according to default parameter.
         For non default parameter send a decimal sequence i.e. [27,112,48] or [27,112,0,25,255]
@@ -648,11 +840,11 @@ class Escpos(object):
         else:
             try:
                 self._raw(CD_KICK_DEC_SEQUENCE(*pin))
-            except:
-                raise CashDrawerError()
+            except TypeError as err:
+                raise CashDrawerError(err)
 
     def linedisplay_select(self, select_display=False):
-        """ Selects the line display or the printer
+        """Selects the line display or the printer
 
         This method is used for line displays that are daisy-chained between your computer and printer.
         If you set `select_display` to true, only the display is selected and if you set it to false,
@@ -667,7 +859,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             self._raw(LINE_DISPLAY_CLOSE)
 
     def linedisplay_clear(self):
-        """ Clears the line display and resets the cursor
+        """Clears the line display and resets the cursor
 
         This method is used for line displays that are daisy-chained between your computer and printer.
         """
@@ -679,6 +871,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
 
         You should connect a line display to your printer. You can do this by daisy-chaining
         the display between your computer and printer.
+
         :param text: Text to display
         """
         self.linedisplay_select(select_display=True)
@@ -687,7 +880,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
         self.linedisplay_select(select_display=False)
 
     def hw(self, hw):
-        """ Hardware operations
+        """Hardware operations
 
         :param hw: hardware action, may be:
 
@@ -705,7 +898,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             pass
 
     def print_and_feed(self, n=1):
-        """ Print data in print buffer and feed *n* lines
+        """Print data in print buffer and feed *n* lines
 
         if n not in range (0, 255) then ValueError will be raised
 
@@ -719,7 +912,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             raise ValueError("n must be betwen 0 and 255")
 
     def control(self, ctl, count=5, tab_size=8):
-        """ Feed control sequences
+        """Feed control sequences
 
         :param ctl: string for the following control sequences:
 
@@ -741,9 +934,9 @@ class Escpos(object):
         elif ctl.upper() == "CR":
             self._raw(CTL_CR)
         elif ctl.upper() == "HT":
-            if not (0 <= count <= 32 and
-                    1 <= tab_size <= 255 and
-                    count * tab_size < 256):
+            if not (
+                0 <= count <= 32 and 1 <= tab_size <= 255 and count * tab_size < 256
+            ):
                 raise TabPosError()
             else:
                 # Set tab positions
@@ -755,7 +948,7 @@ class Escpos(object):
             self._raw(CTL_VT)
 
     def panel_buttons(self, enable=True):
-        """ Controls the panel buttons on the printer (e.g. FEED)
+        """Controls the panel buttons on the printer (e.g. FEED)
 
         When enable is set to False the panel buttons on the printer will be disabled. Calling the method with
         enable=True or without argument will enable the panel buttons.
@@ -778,46 +971,92 @@ class Escpos(object):
             self._raw(PANEL_BUTTON_OFF)
 
     def query_status(self, mode):
-        """ Queries the printer for its status, and returns an array of integers containing it.
+        """
+        Queries the printer for its status, and returns an array of integers containing it.
+
         :param mode: Integer that sets the status mode queried to the printer.
-        RT_STATUS_ONLINE: Printer status.
-        RT_STATUS_PAPER: Paper sensor.
-        :rtype: array(integer)"""
+            - RT_STATUS_ONLINE: Printer status.
+            - RT_STATUS_PAPER: Paper sensor.
+        :rtype: array(integer)
+        """
         self._raw(mode)
         time.sleep(1)
         status = self._read()
         return status
 
     def is_online(self):
-        """ Queries the printer its online status.
-        When online, returns True; False otherwise.
-        :rtype: bool: True if online, False if offline."""
+        """
+        Queries the online status of the printer.
+
+        :returns: When online, returns ``True``; ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
         status = self.query_status(RT_STATUS_ONLINE)
         if len(status) == 0:
             return False
-        return not (status & RT_MASK_ONLINE)
+        return not (status[0] & RT_MASK_ONLINE)
 
     def paper_status(self):
-        """ Queries the printer its paper status.
+        """
+        Queries the paper status of the printer.
+
         Returns 2 if there is plenty of paper, 1 if the paper has arrived to
         the near-end sensor and 0 if there is no paper.
-        :rtype: int: 2: Paper is adequate. 1: Paper ending. 0: No paper."""
+
+        :returns: 2: Paper is adequate. 1: Paper ending. 0: No paper.
+        :rtype: int
+        """
         status = self.query_status(RT_STATUS_PAPER)
         if len(status) == 0:
             return 2
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_NOPAPER == RT_MASK_NOPAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_NOPAPER == RT_MASK_NOPAPER:
             return 0
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_LOWPAPER == RT_MASK_LOWPAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_LOWPAPER == RT_MASK_LOWPAPER:
             return 1
-        if (status[0] & RT_MASK_PAPER == RT_MASK_PAPER):
+        if status[0] & RT_MASK_PAPER == RT_MASK_PAPER:
             return 2
 
+    def target(self, type="ROLL"):
+        """Select where to print to
+
+        Print to the thermal printer by default (ROLL) or
+        print to the slip dot matrix printer if supported (SLIP)
+        """
+        if type.upper() == "ROLL":
+            self._raw(SHEET_ROLL_MODE)
+        elif type.upper() == "SLIP":
+            self._raw(SHEET_SLIP_MODE)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported target")
+
+    def eject_slip(self):
+        """Eject the slip/cheque"""
+        self._raw(SLIP_EJECT)
+
+    def print_and_eject_slip(self):
+        """Print and eject
+
+        Prints data from the buffer to the slip station and if the paper
+        sensor is covered, reverses the slip out the front of the printer
+        far enough to be accessible to the operator.
+        The impact station opens the platen in all cases.
+        """
+        self._raw(SLIP_PRINT_AND_EJECT)
+
+    def use_slip_only(self):
+        """Selects the Slip Station for all functions.
+
+        The receipt station is the default setting after the printer
+        is initialized or the Clear Printer (0x10) command is received
+        """
+        self._raw(SLIP_SELECT)
+
 
 class EscposIO(object):
     """ESC/POS Printer IO object
 
     Allows the class to be used together with the `with`-statement. You have to define a printer instance
-    and assign it to the EsposIO-class.
+    and assign it to the EscposIO class.
     This example explains the usage:
 
     .. code-block:: Python
@@ -846,7 +1085,7 @@ class EscposIO(object):
         self.autoclose = autoclose
 
     def set(self, **kwargs):
-        """ Set the printer-parameters
+        """Set the printer-parameters
 
         Controls which parameters will be passed to :py:meth:`Escpos.set() <escpos.escpos.Escpos.set()>`.
         For more information on the parameters see the :py:meth:`set() <escpos.escpos.Escpos.set()>`-methods
@@ -862,24 +1101,25 @@ class EscposIO(object):
         params.update(kwargs)
 
         if isinstance(text, six.text_type):
-            lines = text.split('\n')
+            lines = text.split("\n")
         elif isinstance(text, list) or isinstance(text, tuple):
             lines = text
         else:
-            lines = ["{0}".format(text), ]
+            lines = [
+                "{0}".format(text),
+            ]
 
         # TODO check unicode handling
         # TODO flush? or on print? (this should prob rather be handled by the _raw-method)
         for line in lines:
             self.printer.set(**params)
             if isinstance(text, six.text_type):
-                self.printer.text(u"{0}\n".format(line))
+                self.printer.text("{0}\n".format(line))
             else:
                 self.printer.text("{0}\n".format(line))
 
     def close(self):
-        """ called upon closing the `with`-statement
-        """
+        """called upon closing the `with`-statement"""
         self.printer.close()
 
     def __enter__(self, **kwargs):

src/escpos/exceptions.py

@@ -25,14 +25,10 @@ Result/Exit codes:
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
 
 class Error(Exception):
-    """ Base class for ESC/POS errors """
+    """Base class for ESC/POS errors"""
+
     def __init__(self, msg, status=None):
         Exception.__init__(self)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -45,12 +41,13 @@ class Error(Exception):
 
 
 class BarcodeTypeError(Error):
-    """ No Barcode type defined.
+    """No Barcode type defined.
 
     This exception indicates that no known barcode-type has been entered. The barcode-type has to be
     one of those specified in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode`.
     The returned error code is `10`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -61,12 +58,13 @@ class BarcodeTypeError(Error):
 
 
 class BarcodeSizeError(Error):
-    """ Barcode size is out of range.
+    """Barcode size is out of range.
 
     This exception indicates that the values for the barcode size are out of range.
     The size of the barcode has to be in the range that is specified in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode`.
     The resulting returncode is `20`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -77,11 +75,13 @@ class BarcodeSizeError(Error):
 
 
 class BarcodeCodeError(Error):
-    """ No Barcode code was supplied.
+    """No Barcode code was supplied, or it is incorrect.
 
-    No data for the barcode has been supplied in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode`.
+    No data for the barcode has been supplied in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.barcode` or the the `check` parameter
+    was True and the check failed.
     The returncode for this exception is `30`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -92,24 +92,28 @@ class BarcodeCodeError(Error):
 
 
 class ImageSizeError(Error):
-    """ Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed.
+    """Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed.
 
     The returncode for this exception is `40`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 40
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Image height is longer than 255px and can't be printed ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class ImageWidthError(Error):
-    """ Image width is too large.
+    """Image width is too large.
 
     The return code for this exception is `41`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -120,26 +124,30 @@ class ImageWidthError(Error):
 
 
 class TextError(Error):
-    """ Text string must be supplied to the `text()` method.
+    """Text string must be supplied to the `text()` method.
 
     This exception is raised when an empty string is passed to :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.text`.
     The returncode for this exception is `50`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 50
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Text string must be supplied to the text() method ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Text string must be supplied to the text() method ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class CashDrawerError(Error):
-    """ Valid pin must be set in order to send pulse.
+    """Valid pin must be set in order to send pulse.
 
     A valid pin number has to be passed onto the method :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.cashdraw`.
     The returncode for this exception is `60`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -150,27 +158,31 @@ class CashDrawerError(Error):
 
 
 class TabPosError(Error):
-    """ Valid tab positions must be set by using from 1 to 32 tabs, and between 1 and 255 tab size values.
+    """Valid tab positions must be set by using from 1 to 32 tabs, and between 1 and 255 tab size values.
     Both values multiplied must not exceed 255, since it is the maximum tab value.
 
     This exception is raised by :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.control`.
     The returncode for this exception is `70`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
         self.resultcode = 70
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "Valid tab positions must be in the range 0 to 16 ({msg})".format(msg=self.msg)
+        return "Valid tab positions must be in the range 0 to 16 ({msg})".format(
+            msg=self.msg
+        )
 
 
 class CharCodeError(Error):
-    """ Valid char code must be set.
+    """Valid char code must be set.
 
     The supplied charcode-name in :py:meth:`escpos.escpos.Escpos.charcode` is unknown.
     Ths returncode for this exception is `80`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -181,11 +193,12 @@ class CharCodeError(Error):
 
 
 class USBNotFoundError(Error):
-    """ Device wasn't found (probably not plugged in)
+    """Device wasn't found (probably not plugged in)
 
     The USB device seems to be not plugged in.
     Ths returncode for this exception is `90`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -196,11 +209,12 @@ class USBNotFoundError(Error):
 
 
 class SetVariableError(Error):
-    """ A set method variable was out of range
+    """A set method variable was out of range
 
     Check set variables against minimum and maximum values
     Ths returncode for this exception is `100`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -212,12 +226,14 @@ class SetVariableError(Error):
 
 # Configuration errors
 
+
 class ConfigNotFoundError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file was not found
+    """The configuration file was not found
 
     The default or passed configuration file could not be read
     Ths returncode for this exception is `200`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -228,11 +244,12 @@ class ConfigNotFoundError(Error):
 
 
 class ConfigSyntaxError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file is invalid
+    """The configuration file is invalid
 
     The syntax is incorrect
     Ths returncode for this exception is `210`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -243,11 +260,12 @@ class ConfigSyntaxError(Error):
 
 
 class ConfigSectionMissingError(Error):
-    """ The configuration file is missing a section
+    """The configuration file is missing a section
 
     The part of the config asked for doesn't exist in the loaded configuration
     Ths returncode for this exception is `220`.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=""):
         Error.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg

src/escpos/image.py

@@ -8,10 +8,6 @@ This module contains the image format handler :py:class:`EscposImage`.
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import math
 from PIL import Image, ImageOps
@@ -41,7 +37,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
 
         # Convert to white RGB background, paste over white background
         # to strip alpha.
-        img_original = img_original.convert('RGBA')
+        img_original = img_original.convert("RGBA")
         im = Image.new("RGB", img_original.size, (255, 255, 255))
         im.paste(img_original, mask=img_original.split()[3])
         # Convert down to greyscale
@@ -89,7 +85,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
             box = (left, top, left + line_height, top + height_pixels)
             im_slice = im.transform((line_height, height_pixels), Image.EXTENT, box)
             im_bytes = im_slice.tobytes()
-            yield(im_bytes)
+            yield (im_bytes)
             left += line_height
 
     def to_raster_format(self):
@@ -105,7 +101,7 @@ class EscposImage(object):
         :param fragment_height: height of fragment
         :return: list of PIL objects
         """
-        passes = int(math.ceil(self.height/fragment_height))
+        passes = int(math.ceil(self.height / fragment_height))
         fragments = []
         for n in range(0, passes):
             left = 0
@@ -115,3 +111,19 @@ class EscposImage(object):
             box = (left, upper, right, lower)
             fragments.append(self.img_original.crop(box))
         return fragments
+
+    def center(self, max_width):
+        """In-place image centering
+
+        :param: Maximum width in order to deduce x offset for centering
+        :return: None
+        """
+        old_width, height = self._im.size
+        new_size = (max_width, height)
+
+        new_im = Image.new("1", new_size)
+        paste_x = int((max_width - old_width) / 2)
+
+        new_im.paste(self._im, (paste_x, 0))
+
+        self._im = new_im

src/escpos/katakana.py

@@ -4,11 +4,6 @@
 I doubt that this currently works correctly.
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
 
 try:
     import jaconv
@@ -39,69 +34,68 @@ def encode_katakana(text):
 TXT_ENC_KATAKANA_MAP = {
     # Maps UTF-8 Katakana symbols to KATAKANA Page Codes
     # TODO: has this really to be hardcoded?
-
     # Half-Width Katakanas
-    '｡': b'\xa1',
-    '｢': b'\xa2',
-    '｣': b'\xa3',
-    '､': b'\xa4',
-    '･': b'\xa5',
-    'ｦ': b'\xa6',
-    'ｧ': b'\xa7',
-    'ｨ': b'\xa8',
-    'ｩ': b'\xa9',
-    'ｪ': b'\xaa',
-    'ｫ': b'\xab',
-    'ｬ': b'\xac',
-    'ｭ': b'\xad',
-    'ｮ': b'\xae',
-    'ｯ': b'\xaf',
-    'ｰ': b'\xb0',
-    'ｱ': b'\xb1',
-    'ｲ': b'\xb2',
-    'ｳ': b'\xb3',
-    'ｴ': b'\xb4',
-    'ｵ': b'\xb5',
-    'ｶ': b'\xb6',
-    'ｷ': b'\xb7',
-    'ｸ': b'\xb8',
-    'ｹ': b'\xb9',
-    'ｺ': b'\xba',
-    'ｻ': b'\xbb',
-    'ｼ': b'\xbc',
-    'ｽ': b'\xbd',
-    'ｾ': b'\xbe',
-    'ｿ': b'\xbf',
-    'ﾀ': b'\xc0',
-    'ﾁ': b'\xc1',
-    'ﾂ': b'\xc2',
-    'ﾃ': b'\xc3',
-    'ﾄ': b'\xc4',
-    'ﾅ': b'\xc5',
-    'ﾆ': b'\xc6',
-    'ﾇ': b'\xc7',
-    'ﾈ': b'\xc8',
-    'ﾉ': b'\xc9',
-    'ﾊ': b'\xca',
-    'ﾋ': b'\xcb',
-    'ﾌ': b'\xcc',
-    'ﾍ': b'\xcd',
-    'ﾎ': b'\xce',
-    'ﾏ': b'\xcf',
-    'ﾐ': b'\xd0',
-    'ﾑ': b'\xd1',
-    'ﾒ': b'\xd2',
-    'ﾓ': b'\xd3',
-    'ﾔ': b'\xd4',
-    'ﾕ': b'\xd5',
-    'ﾖ': b'\xd6',
-    'ﾗ': b'\xd7',
-    'ﾘ': b'\xd8',
-    'ﾙ': b'\xd9',
-    'ﾚ': b'\xda',
-    'ﾛ': b'\xdb',
-    'ﾜ': b'\xdc',
-    'ﾝ': b'\xdd',
-    'ﾞ': b'\xde',
-    'ﾟ': b'\xdf',
+    "｡": b"\xa1",
+    "｢": b"\xa2",
+    "｣": b"\xa3",
+    "､": b"\xa4",
+    "･": b"\xa5",
+    "ｦ": b"\xa6",
+    "ｧ": b"\xa7",
+    "ｨ": b"\xa8",
+    "ｩ": b"\xa9",
+    "ｪ": b"\xaa",
+    "ｫ": b"\xab",
+    "ｬ": b"\xac",
+    "ｭ": b"\xad",
+    "ｮ": b"\xae",
+    "ｯ": b"\xaf",
+    "ｰ": b"\xb0",
+    "ｱ": b"\xb1",
+    "ｲ": b"\xb2",
+    "ｳ": b"\xb3",
+    "ｴ": b"\xb4",
+    "ｵ": b"\xb5",
+    "ｶ": b"\xb6",
+    "ｷ": b"\xb7",
+    "ｸ": b"\xb8",
+    "ｹ": b"\xb9",
+    "ｺ": b"\xba",
+    "ｻ": b"\xbb",
+    "ｼ": b"\xbc",
+    "ｽ": b"\xbd",
+    "ｾ": b"\xbe",
+    "ｿ": b"\xbf",
+    "ﾀ": b"\xc0",
+    "ﾁ": b"\xc1",
+    "ﾂ": b"\xc2",
+    "ﾃ": b"\xc3",
+    "ﾄ": b"\xc4",
+    "ﾅ": b"\xc5",
+    "ﾆ": b"\xc6",
+    "ﾇ": b"\xc7",
+    "ﾈ": b"\xc8",
+    "ﾉ": b"\xc9",
+    "ﾊ": b"\xca",
+    "ﾋ": b"\xcb",
+    "ﾌ": b"\xcc",
+    "ﾍ": b"\xcd",
+    "ﾎ": b"\xce",
+    "ﾏ": b"\xcf",
+    "ﾐ": b"\xd0",
+    "ﾑ": b"\xd1",
+    "ﾒ": b"\xd2",
+    "ﾓ": b"\xd3",
+    "ﾔ": b"\xd4",
+    "ﾕ": b"\xd5",
+    "ﾖ": b"\xd6",
+    "ﾗ": b"\xd7",
+    "ﾘ": b"\xd8",
+    "ﾙ": b"\xd9",
+    "ﾚ": b"\xda",
+    "ﾛ": b"\xdb",
+    "ﾜ": b"\xdc",
+    "ﾝ": b"\xdd",
+    "ﾞ": b"\xde",
+    "ﾟ": b"\xdf",
 }

src/escpos/magicencode.py

@@ -12,16 +12,13 @@ The code is based on the encoding-code in py-xml-escpos by @fvdsn.
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from builtins import bytes
 from .constants import CODEPAGE_CHANGE
 from .exceptions import Error
 from .codepages import CodePages
 import six
+import re
 
 
 class Encoder(object):
@@ -59,10 +56,12 @@ class Encoder(object):
         """
         encoding = CodePages.get_encoding_name(encoding)
         if encoding not in self.codepages:
-            raise ValueError((
+            raise ValueError(
+                (
                     'Encoding "{}" cannot be used for the current profile. '
-                'Valid encodings are: {}'
-                ).format(encoding, ','.join(self.codepages.keys())))
+                    "Valid encodings are: {}"
+                ).format(encoding, ",".join(self.codepages.keys()))
+            )
         return encoding
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -74,16 +73,18 @@ class Encoder(object):
         :param encoding: The name of the encoding. This must appear in the CodePage list
         """
         codepage = CodePages.get_encoding(encoding)
-        if 'data' in codepage:
-            encodable_chars = list("".join(codepage['data']))
-            assert(len(encodable_chars) == 128)
+        if "data" in codepage:
+            encodable_chars = list("".join(codepage["data"]))
+            assert len(encodable_chars) == 128
             return encodable_chars
-        elif 'python_encode' in codepage:
-            encodable_chars = [u" "] * 128
+        elif "python_encode" in codepage:
+            encodable_chars = [" "] * 128
             for i in range(0, 128):
                 codepoint = i + 128
                 try:
-                    encodable_chars[i] = bytes([codepoint]).decode(codepage['python_encode'])
+                    encodable_chars[i] = bytes([codepoint]).decode(
+                        codepage["python_encode"]
+                    )
                 except UnicodeDecodeError:
                     # Non-encodable character, just skip it
                     pass
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
         raise LookupError("Can't find a known encoding for {}".format(encoding))
 
     def _get_codepage_char_map(self, encoding):
-        """ Get codepage character map
+        """Get codepage character map
 
         Process an encoding and return a map of UTF-characters to code points
         in this encoding.
@@ -104,7 +105,9 @@ class Encoder(object):
         if encoding in self.available_characters:
             return self.available_characters[encoding]
         codepage_char_list = self._get_codepage_char_list(encoding)
-        codepage_char_map = dict((utf8, i + 128) for (i, utf8) in enumerate(codepage_char_list))
+        codepage_char_map = dict(
+            (utf8, i + 128) for (i, utf8) in enumerate(codepage_char_list)
+        )
         self.available_characters[encoding] = codepage_char_map
         return codepage_char_map
 
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _encode_char(char, charmap, defaultchar):
-        """ Encode a single character with the given encoding map
+        """Encode a single character with the given encoding map
 
         :param char: char to encode
         :param charmap: dictionary for mapping characters in this code page
@@ -138,23 +141,22 @@ class Encoder(object):
             return charmap[char]
         return ord(defaultchar)
 
-    def encode(self, text, encoding, defaultchar='?'):
-        """ Encode text under the given encoding
+    def encode(self, text, encoding, defaultchar="?"):
+        """Encode text under the given encoding
 
         :param text: Text to encode
         :param encoding: Encoding name to use (must be defined in capabilities)
         :param defaultchar: Fallback for non-encodable characters
         """
         codepage_char_map = self._get_codepage_char_map(encoding)
-        output_bytes = bytes([self._encode_char(char, codepage_char_map, defaultchar) for char in text])
+        output_bytes = bytes(
+            [self._encode_char(char, codepage_char_map, defaultchar) for char in text]
+        )
         return output_bytes
 
     def __encoding_sort_func(self, item):
         key, index = item
-        return (
-            key in self.used_encodings,
-            index
-        )
+        return (key in self.used_encodings, index)
 
     def find_suitable_encoding(self, char):
         """The order of our search is a specific one:
@@ -172,9 +174,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
            that the code page we pick for this character is actually
            supported.
         """
-        sorted_encodings = sorted(
-            self.codepages.items(),
-            key=self.__encoding_sort_func)
+        sorted_encodings = sorted(self.codepages.items(), key=self.__encoding_sort_func)
 
         for encoding, _ in sorted_encodings:
             if self.can_encode(encoding, char):
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class Encoder(object):
 
 
 def split_writable_text(encoder, text, encoding):
-    """Splits off as many characters from the begnning of text as
+    """Splits off as many characters from the beginning of text as
     are writable with "encoding". Returns a 2-tuple (writable, rest).
     """
     if not encoding:
@@ -209,8 +209,10 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
     If the printer does not support a suitable code page, it can
     insert an error character.
     """
-    def __init__(self, driver, encoding=None, disabled=False,
-                 defaultsymbol='?', encoder=None):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, driver, encoding=None, disabled=False, defaultsymbol="?", encoder=None
+    ):
         """
 
         :param driver:
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
         :param encoder:
         """
         if disabled and not encoding:
-            raise Error('If you disable magic encode, you need to define an encoding!')
+            raise Error("If you disable magic encode, you need to define an encoding!")
 
         self.driver = driver
         self.encoder = encoder or Encoder(driver.profile.get_code_pages())
@@ -245,13 +247,16 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
             self.disabled = True
 
     def write(self, text):
-        """Write the text, automatically switching encodings.
-        """
+        """Write the text, automatically switching encodings."""
 
         if self.disabled:
             self.write_with_encoding(self.encoding, text)
             return
 
+        if re.findall(r"[\u4e00-\u9fa5]", text):
+            self.driver._raw(text.encode("GB18030"))
+            return
+
         # See how far we can go into the text with the current encoding
         to_write, text = split_writable_text(self.encoder, text, self.encoding)
         if to_write:
@@ -272,25 +277,26 @@ class MagicEncode(object):
                 self.write_with_encoding(encoding, to_write)
 
     def _handle_character_failed(self, char):
-        """Called when no codepage was found to render a character.
-        """
+        """Called when no codepage was found to render a character."""
         # Writing the default symbol via write() allows us to avoid
         # unnecesary codepage switches.
         self.write(self.defaultsymbol)
 
     def write_with_encoding(self, encoding, text):
         if text is not None and type(text) is not six.text_type:
-            raise Error("The supplied text has to be unicode, but is of type {type}.".format(
+            raise Error(
+                "The supplied text has to be unicode, but is of type {type}.".format(
                     type=type(text)
-            ))
+                )
+            )
 
         # We always know the current code page; if the new codepage
         # is different, emit a change command.
         if encoding != self.encoding:
             self.encoding = encoding
             self.driver._raw(
-                CODEPAGE_CHANGE +
-                six.int2byte(self.encoder.get_sequence(encoding)))
+                CODEPAGE_CHANGE + six.int2byte(self.encoder.get_sequence(encoding))
+            )
 
         if text:
             self.driver._raw(self.encoder.encode(text, encoding))

src/escpos/printer.py

@@ -8,22 +8,39 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
+import os
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+import serial
 import usb.core
 import usb.util
-import serial
-import socket
 
 from .escpos import Escpos
 from .exceptions import USBNotFoundError
 
+_WIN32PRINT = False
+try:
+    import win32print
+
+    _WIN32PRINT = True
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+_CUPSPRINT = False
+try:
+    import cups
+    import tempfile
+
+    _CUPSPRINT = True
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
 
 class Usb(Escpos):
-    """ USB printer
+    """USB printer
 
     This class describes a printer that natively speaks USB.
 
@@ -34,28 +51,54 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, timeout=0, in_ep=0x82, out_ep=0x01, *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: N803
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        idVendor,
+        idProduct,
+        usb_args=None,
+        timeout=0,
+        in_ep=0x82,
+        out_ep=0x01,
+        *args,
+        **kwargs
+    ):  # noqa: N803
         """
         :param idVendor: Vendor ID
         :param idProduct: Product ID
+        :param usb_args: Optional USB arguments (e.g. custom_match)
         :param timeout: Is the time limit of the USB operation. Default without timeout.
         :param in_ep: Input end point
         :param out_ep: Output end point
         """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
-        self.idVendor = idVendor
-        self.idProduct = idProduct
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.in_ep = in_ep
         self.out_ep = out_ep
-        self.open()
 
-    def open(self):
-        """ Search device on USB tree and set it as escpos device """
-        self.device = usb.core.find(idVendor=self.idVendor, idProduct=self.idProduct)
+        usb_args = usb_args or {}
+        if idVendor:
+            usb_args["idVendor"] = idVendor
+        if idProduct:
+            usb_args["idProduct"] = idProduct
+        self.open(usb_args)
+
+    def open(self, usb_args):
+        """Search device on USB tree and set it as escpos device.
+
+        :param usb_args: USB arguments
+        """
+        self.device = usb.core.find(**usb_args)
         if self.device is None:
             raise USBNotFoundError("Device not found or cable not plugged in.")
 
+        self.idVendor = self.device.idVendor
+        self.idProduct = self.device.idProduct
+
+        # pyusb has three backends: libusb0, libusb1 and openusb but
+        # only libusb1 backend implements the methods is_kernel_driver_active()
+        # and detach_kernel_driver().
+        # This helps enable this library to work on Windows.
+        if self.device.backend.__module__.endswith("libusb1"):
             check_driver = None
 
             try:
@@ -66,6 +109,8 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
             if check_driver is None or check_driver:
                 try:
                     self.device.detach_kernel_driver(0)
+                except NotImplementedError:
+                    pass
                 except usb.core.USBError as e:
                     if check_driver is not None:
                         print("Could not detatch kernel driver: {0}".format(str(e)))
@@ -77,7 +122,7 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
             print("Could not set configuration: {0}".format(str(e)))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -85,18 +130,18 @@ class Usb(Escpos):
         self.device.write(self.out_ep, msg, self.timeout)
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller. """
+        """Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller."""
         return self.device.read(self.in_ep, 16)
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Release USB interface """
+        """Release USB interface"""
         if self.device:
             usb.util.dispose_resources(self.device)
         self.device = None
 
 
 class Serial(Escpos):
-    """ Serial printer
+    """Serial printer
 
     This class describes a printer that is connected by serial interface.
 
@@ -107,9 +152,19 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, devfile="/dev/ttyS0", baudrate=9600, bytesize=8, timeout=1,
-                 parity=serial.PARITY_NONE, stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
-                 xonxoff=False, dsrdtr=True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        devfile="/dev/ttyS0",
+        baudrate=9600,
+        bytesize=8,
+        timeout=1,
+        parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
+        stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
+        xonxoff=False,
+        dsrdtr=True,
+        *args,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
         """
 
         :param devfile:  Device file under dev filesystem
@@ -134,13 +189,19 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Setup serial port and set is as escpos device """
+        """Setup serial port and set is as escpos device"""
         if self.device is not None and self.device.is_open:
             self.close()
-        self.device = serial.Serial(port=self.devfile, baudrate=self.baudrate,
-                                    bytesize=self.bytesize, parity=self.parity,
-                                    stopbits=self.stopbits, timeout=self.timeout,
-                                    xonxoff=self.xonxoff, dsrdtr=self.dsrdtr)
+        self.device = serial.Serial(
+            port=self.devfile,
+            baudrate=self.baudrate,
+            bytesize=self.bytesize,
+            parity=self.parity,
+            stopbits=self.stopbits,
+            timeout=self.timeout,
+            xonxoff=self.xonxoff,
+            dsrdtr=self.dsrdtr,
+        )
 
         if self.device is not None:
             print("Serial printer enabled")
@@ -148,7 +209,7 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
             print("Unable to open serial printer on: {0}".format(str(self.devfile)))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -156,18 +217,18 @@ class Serial(Escpos):
         self.device.write(msg)
 
     def _read(self):
-        """ Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller. """
+        """Reads a data buffer and returns it to the caller."""
         return self.device.read(16)
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Close Serial interface """
+        """Close Serial interface"""
         if self.device is not None and self.device.is_open:
             self.device.flush()
             self.device.close()
 
 
 class Network(Escpos):
-    """ Network printer
+    """Network printer
 
     This class is used to attach to a networked printer. You can also use this in order to attach to a printer that
     is forwarded with ``socat``.
@@ -203,7 +264,7 @@ class Network(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Open TCP socket with ``socket``-library and set it as escpos device """
+        """Open TCP socket with ``socket``-library and set it as escpos device"""
         self.device = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
         self.device.settimeout(self.timeout)
         self.device.connect((self.host, self.port))
@@ -212,22 +273,30 @@ class Network(Escpos):
             print("Could not open socket for {0}".format(self.host))
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
         """
         self.device.sendall(msg)
 
+    def _read(self):
+        """Read data from the TCP socket"""
+
+        return self.device.recv(16)
+
     def close(self):
-        """ Close TCP connection """
+        """Close TCP connection"""
         if self.device is not None:
+            try:
                 self.device.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+            except socket.error:
+                pass
             self.device.close()
 
 
 class File(Escpos):
-    """ Generic file printer
+    """Generic file printer
 
     This class is used for parallel port printer or other printers that are directly attached to the filesystem.
     Note that you should stay away from using USB-to-Parallel-Adapter since they are unreliable
@@ -243,7 +312,7 @@ class File(Escpos):
     def __init__(self, devfile="/dev/usb/lp0", auto_flush=True, *args, **kwargs):
         """
 
-        :param devfile : Device file under dev filesystem
+        :param devfile: Device file under dev filesystem
         :param auto_flush: automatically call flush after every call of _raw()
         """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
@@ -252,18 +321,18 @@ class File(Escpos):
         self.open()
 
     def open(self):
-        """ Open system file """
+        """Open system file"""
         self.device = open(self.devfile, "wb")
 
         if self.device is None:
             print("Could not open the specified file {0}".format(self.devfile))
 
     def flush(self):
-        """ Flush printing content """
+        """Flush printing content"""
         self.device.flush()
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -273,14 +342,14 @@ class File(Escpos):
             self.flush()
 
     def close(self):
-        """ Close system file """
+        """Close system file"""
         if self.device is not None:
             self.device.flush()
             self.device.close()
 
 
 class Dummy(Escpos):
-    """ Dummy printer
+    """Dummy printer
 
     This class is used for saving commands to a variable, for use in situations where
     there is no need to send commands to an actual printer. This includes
@@ -294,13 +363,12 @@ class Dummy(Escpos):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        """
+        """ """
         Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
         self._output_list = []
 
     def _raw(self, msg):
-        """ Print any command sent in raw format
+        """Print any command sent in raw format
 
         :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
         :type msg: bytes
@@ -309,8 +377,226 @@ class Dummy(Escpos):
 
     @property
     def output(self):
-        """ Get the data that was sent to this printer """
-        return b''.join(self._output_list)
+        """Get the data that was sent to this printer"""
+        return b"".join(self._output_list)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """Clear the buffer of the printer
+
+        This method can be called if you send the contents to a physical printer
+        and want to use the Dummy printer for new output.
+        """
+        del self._output_list[:]
 
     def close(self):
         pass
+
+
+if _WIN32PRINT:
+
+    class Win32Raw(Escpos):
+        def __init__(self, printer_name=None, *args, **kwargs):
+            Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            if printer_name is not None:
+                self.printer_name = printer_name
+            else:
+                self.printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter()
+            self.hPrinter = None
+            self.open()
+
+        def open(self, job_name="python-escpos"):
+            if self.printer_name is None:
+                raise Exception("Printer not found")
+            self.hPrinter = win32print.OpenPrinter(self.printer_name)
+            self.current_job = win32print.StartDocPrinter(
+                self.hPrinter, 1, (job_name, None, "RAW")
+            )
+            win32print.StartPagePrinter(self.hPrinter)
+
+        def close(self):
+            if not self.hPrinter:
+                return
+            win32print.EndPagePrinter(self.hPrinter)
+            win32print.EndDocPrinter(self.hPrinter)
+            win32print.ClosePrinter(self.hPrinter)
+            self.hPrinter = None
+
+        def _raw(self, msg):
+            """Print any command sent in raw format
+
+            :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
+            :type msg: bytes
+            """
+            if self.printer_name is None:
+                raise Exception("Printer not found")
+            if self.hPrinter is None:
+                raise Exception("Printer job not opened")
+            win32print.WritePrinter(self.hPrinter, msg)
+
+
+if _CUPSPRINT:
+
+    class CupsPrinter(Escpos):
+        """Simple CUPS printer connector.
+
+        .. note::
+                Requires _pycups_ which in turn needs the cups development library package:
+                - Ubuntu/Debian: _libcups2-dev_
+                - OpenSuse/Fedora: _cups-devel_
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, printer_name=None, *args, **kwargs):
+            """CupsPrinter class constructor.
+
+            :param printer_name: CUPS printer name (Optional)
+            :type printer_name: str
+            :param host: CUPS server host/ip (Optional)
+            :type host: str
+            :param port: CUPS server port (Optional)
+            :type port: int
+            """
+            Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            host, port = args or (
+                kwargs.get("host", cups.getServer()),
+                kwargs.get("port", cups.getPort()),
+            )
+            cups.setServer(host)
+            cups.setPort(port)
+            self.conn = cups.Connection()
+            self.tmpfile = None
+            self.printer_name = printer_name
+            self.job_name = ""
+            self.pending_job = False
+            self.open()
+
+        @property
+        def printers(self):
+            """Available CUPS printers."""
+            return self.conn.getPrinters()
+
+        def open(self, job_name="python-escpos"):
+            """Setup a new print job and target printer.
+
+            A call to this method is required to send new jobs to
+            the same CUPS connection.
+
+            Defaults to default CUPS printer.
+            Creates a new temporary file buffer.
+            """
+            self.job_name = job_name
+            if self.printer_name not in self.printers:
+                self.printer_name = self.conn.getDefault()
+            self.tmpfile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True)
+
+        def _raw(self, msg):
+            """Append any command sent in raw format to temporary file
+
+            :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
+            :type msg: bytes
+            """
+            self.pending_job = True
+            try:
+                self.tmpfile.write(msg)
+            except ValueError:
+                self.pending_job = False
+                raise ValueError("Printer job not opened")
+
+        def send(self):
+            """Send the print job to the printer."""
+            if self.pending_job:
+                # Rewind tempfile
+                self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+                # Print temporary file via CUPS printer.
+                self.conn.printFile(
+                    self.printer_name,
+                    self.tmpfile.name,
+                    self.job_name,
+                    {"document-format": cups.CUPS_FORMAT_RAW},
+                )
+            self._clear()
+
+        def _clear(self):
+            """Finish the print job.
+
+            Remove temporary file.
+            """
+            self.tmpfile.close()
+            self.pending_job = False
+
+        def _read(self):
+            """Return a single-item array with the accepting state of the print queue.
+
+            states: idle = [3], printing a job = [4], stopped = [5]
+            """
+            printer = self.printers.get(self.printer_name, {})
+            state = printer.get("printer-state")
+            if not state:
+                return []
+            return [state]
+
+        def close(self):
+            """Close CUPS connection.
+
+            Send pending job to the printer if needed.
+            """
+            if self.pending_job:
+                self.send()
+            if self.conn:
+                print("Closing CUPS connection to printer {}".format(self.printer_name))
+                self.conn = None
+
+
+if not sys.platform.startswith("win"):
+
+    class LP(Escpos):
+        """Simple UNIX lp command raw printing.
+
+        Thanks to `Oyami-Srk comment <https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/pull/348#issuecomment-549558316>`_.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, printer_name: str, *args, **kwargs):
+            """LP class constructor.
+
+            :param printer_name: CUPS printer name (Optional)
+            :type printer_name: str
+            :param auto_flush: Automatic flush after every _raw() (Optional)
+            :type auto_flush: bool
+            """
+            Escpos.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            self.printer_name = printer_name
+            self.auto_flush = kwargs.get("auto_flush", True)
+            self.open()
+
+        def open(self):
+            """Invoke _lp_ in a new subprocess and wait for commands."""
+            self.lp = subprocess.Popen(
+                ["lp", "-d", self.printer_name, "-o", "raw"],
+                stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+                stdout=open(os.devnull, "w"),
+            )
+
+        def close(self):
+            """Stop the subprocess."""
+            self.lp.terminate()
+
+        def flush(self):
+            """End line and wait for new commands"""
+            if self.lp.stdin.writable():
+                self.lp.stdin.write(b"\n")
+            if self.lp.stdin.closed is False:
+                self.lp.stdin.close()
+            self.lp.wait()
+            self.open()
+
+        def _raw(self, msg):
+            """Write raw command(s) to the printer.
+
+            :param msg: arbitrary code to be printed
+            :type msg: bytes
+            """
+            if self.lp.stdin.writable():
+                self.lp.stdin.write(msg)
+            else:
+                raise Exception("Not a valid pipe for lp process")
+            if self.auto_flush:
+                self.flush()

test/test_abstract_base_class.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
-"""verifies that the metaclass abc is properly used by Escpos
+"""verifies that the metaclass abc is properly used by ESC/POS
 
 :author: `Patrick Kanzler <patrick.kanzler@fablab.fau.de>`_
 :organization: `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from nose.tools import raises
 
@@ -20,11 +16,11 @@ from abc import ABCMeta
 
 @raises(TypeError)
 def test_abstract_base_class_raises():
-    """test whether the abstract base class raises an exception for Escpos"""
+    """test whether the abstract base class raises an exception for ESC/POS"""
     escpos.Escpos()  # This call should raise TypeError because of abstractmethod _raw()
 
 
 def test_abstract_base_class():
-    """ test whether Escpos has the metaclass ABCMeta """
+    """test whether Escpos has the metaclass ABCMeta"""
     assert issubclass(escpos.Escpos, object)
     assert type(escpos.Escpos) is ABCMeta

test/test_cli.py

@@ -2,51 +2,46 @@
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import os
 import sys
 from scripttest import TestFileEnvironment
-from nose.tools import assert_equals, nottest
+from nose.tools import assert_equal, nottest
 import escpos
 
-TEST_DIR = os.path.abspath('test/test-cli-output')
+TEST_DIR = os.path.abspath("test/test-cli-output")
 
-DEVFILE_NAME = 'testfile'
+DEVFILE_NAME = "testfile"
 
 DEVFILE = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, DEVFILE_NAME)
-CONFIGFILE = 'testconfig.yaml'
-CONFIG_YAML = '''
+CONFIGFILE = "testconfig.yaml"
+CONFIG_YAML = """
 ---
 
 printer:
     type: file
     devfile: {testfile}
-'''.format(
+""".format(
     testfile=DEVFILE,
 )
 
 
 class TestCLI:
-    """ Contains setups, teardowns, and tests for CLI
-    """
+    """Contains setups, teardowns, and tests for CLI"""
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_class(cls):
-        """ Create a config file to read from """
-        with open(CONFIGFILE, 'w') as config:
+        """Create a config file to read from"""
+        with open(CONFIGFILE, "w") as config:
             config.write(CONFIG_YAML)
 
     @classmethod
     def teardown_class(cls):
-        """ Remove config file """
+        """Remove config file"""
         os.remove(CONFIGFILE)
 
     def setup(self):
-        """ Create a file to print to and set up env"""
+        """Create a file to print to and set up env"""
         self.env = None
         self.default_args = None
 
@@ -56,63 +51,59 @@ class TestCLI:
         )
 
         self.default_args = (
-            'python-escpos',
-            '-c',
+            "python-escpos",
+            "-c",
             CONFIGFILE,
         )
 
-        fhandle = open(DEVFILE, 'a')
+        fhandle = open(DEVFILE, "a")
         try:
             os.utime(DEVFILE, None)
         finally:
             fhandle.close()
 
     def teardown(self):
-        """ Destroy printer file and env """
+        """Destroy printer file and env"""
         os.remove(DEVFILE)
         self.env.clear()
 
     def test_cli_help(self):
-        """ Test getting help from cli """
-        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', '-h')
+        """Test getting help from cli"""
+        result = self.env.run("python-escpos", "-h")
         assert not result.stderr
-        assert 'usage' in result.stdout
+        assert "usage" in result.stdout
 
     def test_cli_version(self):
-        """ Test the version string """
-        result = self.env.run('python-escpos', 'version')
+        """Test the version string"""
+        result = self.env.run("python-escpos", "version")
         assert not result.stderr
-        assert_equals(escpos.__version__, result.stdout.strip())
+        assert_equal(escpos.__version__, result.stdout.strip())
 
     @nottest  # disable this test as it is not that easy anymore to predict the outcome of this call
     def test_cli_text(self):
-        """ Make sure text returns what we sent it """
-        test_text = 'this is some text'
+        """Make sure text returns what we sent it"""
+        test_text = "this is some text"
         result = self.env.run(
-            *(self.default_args + (
-                'text',
-                '--txt',
+            *(
+                self.default_args
+                + (
+                    "text",
+                    "--txt",
                     test_text,
-            ))
+                )
+            )
         )
         assert not result.stderr
         assert DEVFILE_NAME in result.files_updated.keys()
-        assert_equals(
-            result.files_updated[DEVFILE_NAME].bytes,
-            test_text + '\n'
-        )
+        assert_equals(result.files_updated[DEVFILE_NAME].bytes, test_text + "\n")
 
     def test_cli_text_inavlid_args(self):
-        """ Test a failure to send valid arguments """
+        """Test a failure to send valid arguments"""
         result = self.env.run(
-            *(self.default_args + (
-                'text',
-                '--invalid-param',
-                'some data'
-            )),
+            *(self.default_args + ("text", "--invalid-param", "some data")),
             expect_error=True,
             expect_stderr=True
         )
-        assert_equals(result.returncode, 2)
-        assert 'error:' in result.stderr
+        assert_equal(result.returncode, 2)
+        assert "error:" in result.stderr
         assert not result.files_updated

test/test_function_barcode.py

@@ -1,38 +1,56 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
-from escpos.constants import BARCODE_TYPE_A, BARCODE_TYPE_B
 from escpos.capabilities import Profile, BARCODE_B
-from escpos.exceptions import BarcodeTypeError
+from escpos.exceptions import BarcodeTypeError, BarcodeCodeError
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,data,expected", [
-    ('EAN13', '4006381333931',
-        b'\x1ba\x01\x1dh@\x1dw\x03\x1df\x00\x1dH\x02\x1dk\x024006381333931\x00')
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data,expected",
+    [
+        (
+            "EAN13",
+            "4006381333931",
+            b"\x1ba\x01\x1dh@\x1dw\x03\x1df\x00\x1dH\x02\x1dk\x024006381333931\x00",
+        )
+    ],
+)
 def test_barcode(bctype, data, expected):
-    """should generate different barcode types correctly.
-    """
+    """should generate different barcode types correctly."""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.barcode(data, bctype)
     assert instance.output == expected
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bctype,supports_b", [
-    ('invalid', True),
-    ('CODE128', False),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,supports_b",
+    [
+        ("invalid", True),
+        ("CODE128", False),
+    ],
+)
 def test_lacks_support(bctype, supports_b):
-    """should raise an error if the barcode type is not supported.
-    """
+    """should raise an error if the barcode type is not supported."""
     profile = Profile(features={BARCODE_B: supports_b})
     instance = printer.Dummy(profile=profile)
     with pytest.raises(BarcodeTypeError):
-        instance.barcode('test', bctype)
+        instance.barcode("test", bctype)
 
-    assert instance.output == b''
+    assert instance.output == b""
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("EAN13", "AA"),
+        ("CODE128", "{D2354AA"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_code_check(bctype, data):
+    """should raise an error if the barcode code is invalid."""
+    instance = printer.Dummy()
+    with pytest.raises(BarcodeCodeError):
+        instance.barcode(data, bctype)
+
+    assert instance.output == b""

test/test_function_cashdraw.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import escpos.printer as printer
+from escpos.exceptions import CashDrawerError
+import pytest
+
+
+def test_raise_CashDrawerError():
+    """should raise an error if the sequence is invalid."""
+    instance = printer.Dummy()
+    with pytest.raises(CashDrawerError):
+        # call with sequence that is too long
+        instance.cashdraw([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])

test/test_function_check_barcode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+
+import escpos.printer as printer
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("UPC-A", "01234567890"),
+        ("UPC-A", "012345678905"),
+        ("UPC-E", "01234567"),
+        ("UPC-E", "0123456"),
+        ("UPC-E", "012345678905"),
+        ("EAN13", "0123456789012"),
+        ("EAN13", "012345678901"),
+        ("EAN8", "01234567"),
+        ("EAN8", "0123456"),
+        ("CODE39", "ABC-1234"),
+        ("CODE39", "ABC-1234-$$-+A"),
+        ("CODE39", "*WIKIPEDIA*"),
+        ("ITF", "010203040506070809"),
+        ("ITF", "11221133113344556677889900"),
+        ("CODABAR", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODABAR", "C11221133113344556677889900D"),
+        ("CODABAR", "D0D"),
+        ("NW7", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("NW7", "C11221133113344556677889900D"),
+        ("NW7", "D0D"),
+        ("CODE93", "A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODE93", "+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("CODE93", "D0D"),
+        ("CODE128", "{A2030405060B"),
+        ("CODE128", "{C+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("CODE128", "{B0D"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{A2030405060B"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{C+:$&23-7@$"),
+        ("GS1-128", "{B0D"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "0123456789123"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(9A{A20304+-%&06a0B"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(1 {C+:&23-7%"),
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(00000001234567678"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_check_valid_barcode(bctype, data):
+    assert printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bctype,data",
+    [
+        ("UPC-A", "01234567890123"),  # too long
+        ("UPC-A", "0123456789"),  # too short
+        ("UPC-A", "72527273-711"),  # invalid '-'
+        ("UPC-A", "A12345678901"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("UPC-E", "01234567890123"),  # too long
+        ("UPC-E", "012345"),  # too short
+        ("UPC-E", "72527-2"),  # invalid '-'
+        ("UPC-E", "A123456"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN13", "0123456789"),  # too short
+        ("EAN13", "A123456789012"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN13", "012345678901234"),  # too long
+        ("EAN8", "012345"),  # too short
+        ("EAN8", "A123456789012"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("EAN8", "012345678901234"),  # too long
+        ("CODE39", "ALKJ_34"),  # invalid '_'
+        ("CODE39", "A" * 256),  # too long
+        ("ITF", "010203040"),  # odd length
+        ("ITF", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("ITF", "AB01"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("CODABAR", "010203040"),  # no start/stop
+        ("CODABAR", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("CODABAR", "AB-01F"),  # invalid 'B'
+        ("NW7", "010203040"),  # no start/stop
+        ("NW7", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("NW7", "AB-01F"),  # invalid 'B'
+        ("CODE93", "é010203040"),  # invalid 'é'
+        ("CODE93", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("CODE128", "010203040"),  # missing leading {
+        ("CODE128", "{D2354AA"),  # second char not between A-C
+        ("CODE128", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("GS1-128", "010203040"),  # missing leading {
+        ("GS1-128", "{D2354AA"),  # second char not between A-C
+        ("GS1-128", "0" * 256),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR OMNIDIRECTIONAL", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR TRUNCATED", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "01234567891234"),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "012345678912"),  # too short
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "012345678A1234"),  # invalid 'A'
+        ("GS1 DATABAR LIMITED", "02345678912341"),  # invalid start (should be 01)
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "010203040"),  # missing leading (
+        ("GS1-128", "(" + ("0" * 256)),  # too long
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "(a{D2354AA"),  # second char not between 0-9
+        ("GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED", "IT will fail"),  # first char not '('
+    ],
+)
+def test_check_invalid_barcode(bctype, data):
+    assert not printer.Escpos.check_barcode(bctype, data)

test/test_function_cut.py

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
 import six
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
@@ -13,5 +8,5 @@ def test_cut_without_feed():
     """Test cut without feeding paper"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.cut(feed=False)
-    expected = GS + b'V' + six.int2byte(66) + b'\x00'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = GS + b"V" + six.int2byte(66) + b"\x00"
+    assert instance.output == expected

test/test_function_dummy_clear.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from nose.tools import assert_raises
+from escpos.printer import Dummy
+
+
+def test_printer_dummy_clear():
+    printer = Dummy()
+    printer.text("Hello")
+    printer.clear()
+    assert printer.output == b""

test/test_function_image.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -26,13 +22,13 @@ def test_bit_image_black():
     Test printing solid black bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80"
     # Same thing w/ object created on the fly, rather than a filename
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1), (0, 0, 0))
     instance.image(im, impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_white():
@@ -40,8 +36,8 @@ def test_bit_image_white():
     Test printing solid white bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_both():
@@ -49,8 +45,8 @@ def test_bit_image_both():
     Test printing black/white bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_transparent():
@@ -58,8 +54,8 @@ def test_bit_image_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent bit image (raster)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="bitImageRaster")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="bitImageRaster")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00"
 
 
 # Column format print
@@ -68,8 +64,8 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_black():
     Test printing solid black bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_white():
@@ -77,8 +73,8 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_white():
     Test printing solid white bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_both():
@@ -86,8 +82,10 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_both():
     Test printing black/white bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert (
+        instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
+    )
 
 
 def test_bit_image_colfmt_transparent():
@@ -95,8 +93,10 @@ def test_bit_image_colfmt_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent bit image (column format)
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="bitImageColumn")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="bitImageColumn")
+    assert (
+        instance.output == b"\x1b3\x10\x1b*!\x02\x00\x80\x00\x00\x80\x00\x00\x0a\x1b2"
+    )
 
 
 # Graphics print
@@ -105,8 +105,11 @@ def test_graphics_black():
     Test printing solid black graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_black.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_black.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_white():
@@ -114,8 +117,11 @@ def test_graphics_white():
     Test printing solid white graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/canvas_white.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/canvas_white.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0b\x000p0\x01\x011\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_both():
@@ -123,8 +129,11 @@ def test_graphics_both():
     Test printing black/white graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_white.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_graphics_transparent():
@@ -132,8 +141,11 @@ def test_graphics_transparent():
     Test printing black/transparent graphics
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_transparent.png', impl="graphics")
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002')
+    instance.image("test/resources/black_transparent.png", impl="graphics")
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1d(L\x0c\x000p0\x01\x011\x02\x00\x02\x00\xc0\x00\x1d(L\x02\x0002"
+    )
 
 
 def test_large_graphics():
@@ -141,24 +153,38 @@ def test_large_graphics():
     Test whether 'large' graphics that induce a fragmentation are handled correctly.
     """
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.image('test/resources/black_white.png', impl="bitImageRaster", fragment_height=1)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\xc0\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00')
+    instance.image(
+        "test/resources/black_white.png", impl="bitImageRaster", fragment_height=1
+    )
+    assert (
+        instance.output
+        == b"\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\xc0\x1dv0\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00"
+    )
 
 
-def test_width_too_large():
+@pytest.fixture
+def dummy_with_width():
+    instance = printer.Dummy()
+    instance.profile.profile_data = {"media": {"width": {"pixels": 384}}}
+    return instance
+
+
+def test_width_too_large(dummy_with_width):
     """
     Test printing an image that is too large in width.
     """
-    instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.profile.profile_data = {
-        'media': {
-            'width': {
-                'pixels': 384
-            }
-        }
-    }
+    instance = dummy_with_width
 
     with pytest.raises(ImageWidthError):
         instance.image(Image.new("RGB", (385, 200)))
 
     instance.image(Image.new("RGB", (384, 200)))
+
+
+def test_center_image(dummy_with_width):
+    instance = dummy_with_width
+
+    with pytest.raises(ImageWidthError):
+        instance.image(Image.new("RGB", (385, 200)), center=True)
+
+    instance.image(Image.new("RGB", (384, 200)), center=True)

test/test_function_linedisplay.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
 
@@ -19,17 +15,18 @@ def test_function_linedisplay_select_on():
     """test the linedisplay_select function (activate)"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_select(select_display=True)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x3D\x02')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x3D\x02"
+
 
 def test_function_linedisplay_select_off():
     """test the linedisplay_select function (deactivate)"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_select(select_display=False)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x3D\x01')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x3D\x01"
+
 
 def test_function_linedisplay_clear():
     """test the linedisplay_clear function"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.linedisplay_clear()
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x40')
-
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x40"

test/test_function_panel_button.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
 
@@ -19,11 +15,11 @@ def test_function_panel_button_on():
     """test the panel button function (enabling) by comparing output"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.panel_buttons()
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x63\x35\x00')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x63\x35\x00"
 
 
 def test_function_panel_button_off():
     """test the panel button function (disabling) by comparing output"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.panel_buttons(False)
-    assert(instance.output == b'\x1B\x63\x35\x01')
+    assert instance.output == b"\x1B\x63\x35\x01"

test/test_function_qr_native.py

@@ -7,12 +7,10 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from nose.tools import raises
+import pytest
+
 import escpos.printer as printer
 from escpos.constants import QR_ECLEVEL_H, QR_MODEL_1
 
@@ -21,43 +19,51 @@ def test_defaults():
     """Test QR code with defaults"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 def test_empty():
     """Test QR printing blank code"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("", native=True)
-    assert(instance.output == b'')
+    assert instance.output == b""
 
 
 def test_ec():
     """Test QR error correction setting"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, ec=QR_ECLEVEL_H)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E3\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E3\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 def test_size():
     """Test QR box size"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, size=7)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x07\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A2\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x07\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 def test_model():
     """Test QR model"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, model=QR_MODEL_1)
-    expected = b'\x1d(k\x04\x001A1\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d' \
-        b'(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1d(k\x04\x001A1\x00\x1d(k\x03\x001C\x03\x1d(k\x03\x001E0\x1d"
+        b"(k\x07\x001P01234\x1d(k\x03\x001Q0"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 @raises(ValueError)
@@ -81,17 +87,20 @@ def test_invalid_model():
     instance.qr("1234", native=True, model="Hello")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skip("this test has to be debugged")
 def test_image():
     """Test QR as image"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1", native=False, size=1)
     print(instance.output)
-    expected = b'\x1bt\x00\n' \
-        b'\x1dv0\x00\x03\x00\x17\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f]\xfcA\x19\x04]it]et' \
-        b']ItA=\x04\x7fU\xfc\x00\x0c\x00y~t4\x7f =\xa84j\xd9\xf0\x05\xd4\x90\x00' \
-        b'i(\x7f<\xa8A \xd8]\'\xc4]y\xf8]E\x80Ar\x94\x7fR@\x00\x00\x00' \
-        b'\n\n'
-    assert(instance.output == expected)
+    expected = (
+        b"\x1bt\x00\n"
+        b"\x1dv0\x00\x03\x00\x17\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f]\xfcA\x19\x04]it]et"
+        b"]ItA=\x04\x7fU\xfc\x00\x0c\x00y~t4\x7f =\xa84j\xd9\xf0\x05\xd4\x90\x00"
+        b"i(\x7f<\xa8A \xd8]'\xc4]y\xf8]E\x80Ar\x94\x7fR@\x00\x00\x00"
+        b"\n\n"
+    )
+    assert instance.output == expected
 
 
 @raises(ValueError)
@@ -99,3 +108,13 @@ def test_image_invalid_model():
     """Test unsupported QR model as image"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.qr("1234", native=False, model=QR_MODEL_1)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def instance():
+    return printer.Dummy()
+
+
+def test_center_not_implementer(instance):
+    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
+        instance.qr("test", center=True, native=True)

test/test_function_qr_non-native.py

@@ -8,18 +8,15 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
+import pytest
 import mock
 
 from escpos.printer import Dummy
 from PIL import Image
 
 
-@mock.patch('escpos.printer.Dummy.image', spec=Dummy)
+@mock.patch("escpos.printer.Dummy.image", spec=Dummy)
 def test_type_of_object_passed_to_image_function(img_function):
     """
     Test the type of object that is passed to the image function during non-native qr-printing.
@@ -30,3 +27,12 @@ def test_type_of_object_passed_to_image_function(img_function):
     d.qr("LoremIpsum")
     args, kwargs = img_function.call_args
     assert isinstance(args[0], Image.Image)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def instance():
+    return Dummy()
+
+
+def test_center(instance):
+    instance.qr("LoremIpsum", center=True)

test/test_function_set.py

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
 import six
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
@@ -12,41 +7,46 @@ from escpos.constants import TXT_SIZE
 
 # Default test, please copy and paste this block to test set method calls
 
+
 def test_default_values():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set()
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Size tests
 
+
 def test_set_size_2h():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(double_height=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2h'],  # Double height text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2h"],  # Double height text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_2w():
@@ -54,17 +54,18 @@ def test_set_size_2w():
     instance.set(double_width=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2w'],  # Double width text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2w"],  # Double width text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_2x():
@@ -72,17 +73,18 @@ def test_set_size_2x():
     instance.set(double_height=True, double_width=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['2x'],  # Double text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["2x"],  # Double text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_size_custom():
@@ -91,55 +93,61 @@ def test_set_size_custom():
 
     expected_sequence = (
         TXT_SIZE,  # Custom text size, no normal reset
-        six.int2byte(TXT_STYLE['width'][8] + TXT_STYLE['height'][7]),
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        six.int2byte(TXT_STYLE["width"][8] + TXT_STYLE["height"][7]),
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Flip
 
+
 def test_set_flip():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(flip=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][True],  # Flip ON
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][True],  # Flip ON
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
+
 
 # Smooth
 
+
 def test_smooth():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(smooth=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][True],  # Smooth ON
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][True],  # Smooth ON
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Type
@@ -150,17 +158,18 @@ def test_set_bold():
     instance.set(bold=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][True],  # Bold ON
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][True],  # Bold ON
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_underline():
@@ -168,17 +177,18 @@ def test_set_underline():
     instance.set(underline=1)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][1],  # Underline ON, type 1
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][1],  # Underline ON, type 1
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_set_underline2():
@@ -186,95 +196,102 @@ def test_set_underline2():
     instance.set(underline=2)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][2],  # Underline ON, type 2
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][2],  # Underline ON, type 2
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert (instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Align
 
+
 def test_align_center():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.set(align='center')
+    instance.set(align="center")
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['center'],  # Align center
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["center"],  # Align center
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 def test_align_right():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.set(align='right')
+    instance.set(align="right")
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['right'],  # Align right
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["right"],  # Align right
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Densities
 
-def test_densities():
 
+def test_densities():
     for density in range(8):
         instance = printer.Dummy()
         instance.set(density=density)
 
         expected_sequence = (
-            TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-            TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-            TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-            SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-            TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-            TXT_STYLE['density'][density],  # Custom density from 0 to 8
-            TXT_STYLE['invert'][False]  # Inverted OFF
+            TXT_NORMAL,
+            TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+            TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+            TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+            SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+            TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+            TXT_STYLE["density"][density],  # Custom density from 0 to 8
+            TXT_STYLE["invert"][False],  # Inverted OFF
         )
 
-        assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+        assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)
 
 
 # Invert
 
+
 def test_invert():
     instance = printer.Dummy()
     instance.set(invert=True)
 
     expected_sequence = (
-        TXT_NORMAL, TXT_STYLE['size']['normal'],  # Normal text size
-        TXT_STYLE['flip'][False],  # Flip OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['smooth'][False],  # Smooth OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['bold'][False],  # Bold OFF
-        TXT_STYLE['underline'][0],  # Underline OFF
-        SET_FONT(b'\x00'),  # Default font
-        TXT_STYLE['align']['left'],  # Align left
-        TXT_STYLE['invert'][True]  # Inverted ON
+        TXT_NORMAL,
+        TXT_STYLE["size"]["normal"],  # Normal text size
+        TXT_STYLE["flip"][False],  # Flip OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["smooth"][False],  # Smooth OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["bold"][False],  # Bold OFF
+        TXT_STYLE["underline"][0],  # Underline OFF
+        SET_FONT(b"\x00"),  # Default font
+        TXT_STYLE["align"]["left"],  # Align left
+        TXT_STYLE["invert"][True],  # Inverted ON
     )
 
-    assert(instance.output == b''.join(expected_sequence))
+    assert instance.output == b"".join(expected_sequence)

test/test_function_softbarcode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import escpos.printer as printer
+import barcode.errors
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def instance():
+    return printer.Dummy()
+
+
+def test_soft_barcode_ean8_invalid(instance):
+    """test with an invalid barcode"""
+    with pytest.raises(barcode.errors.BarcodeError):
+        instance.soft_barcode("ean8", "1234")
+
+
+def test_soft_barcode_ean8(instance):
+    """test with a valid ean8 barcode"""
+    instance.soft_barcode("ean8", "1234567")
+
+
+def test_soft_barcode_ean8_nocenter(instance):
+    instance.soft_barcode("ean8", "1234567", center=False)

test/test_function_text.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import pytest
 import mock
@@ -20,13 +16,12 @@ from escpos.printer import Dummy
 
 
 def get_printer():
-    return Dummy(magic_encode_args={'disabled': True, 'encoding': 'CP437'})
+    return Dummy(magic_encode_args={"disabled": True, "encoding": "CP437"})
 
 
 @given(text=st.text())
 def test_text(text):
-    """Test that text() calls the MagicEncode object.
-    """
+    """Test that text() calls the MagicEncode object."""
     instance = get_printer()
     instance.magic.write = mock.Mock()
     instance.text(text)
@@ -36,30 +31,32 @@ def test_text(text):
 def test_block_text():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.block_text(
-        "All the presidents men were eating falafel for breakfast.", font='a')
-    assert printer.output == \
-        b'All the presidents men were eating falafel\nfor breakfast.'
+        "All the presidents men were eating falafel for breakfast.", font="a"
+    )
+    assert (
+        printer.output == b"All the presidents men were eating falafel\nfor breakfast."
+    )
 
 
 def test_textln():
     printer = get_printer()
-    printer.textln('hello, world')
-    assert printer.output == b'hello, world\n'
+    printer.textln("hello, world")
+    assert printer.output == b"hello, world\n"
 
 
 def test_textln_empty():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.textln()
-    assert printer.output == b'\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n"
 
 
 def test_ln():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.ln()
-    assert printer.output == b'\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n"
 
 
 def test_multiple_ln():
     printer = get_printer()
     printer.ln(3)
-    assert printer.output == b'\n\n\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\n\n\n"

test/test_functions.py

@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ from escpos.printer import Dummy
 def test_line_spacing_code_gen():
     printer = Dummy()
     printer.line_spacing(10)
-    assert printer.output == b'\x1b3\n'
+    assert printer.output == b"\x1b3\n"
 
 
 def test_line_spacing_rest():
     printer = Dummy()
     printer.line_spacing()
-    assert printer.output == b'\x1b2'
+    assert printer.output == b"\x1b2"
 
 
 def test_line_spacing_error_handling():

test/test_image.py

@@ -15,57 +15,67 @@ def test_image_black():
     """
     Test rendering solid black image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('canvas_black.' + img_format, 1, 1, b'\x80', [b'\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img("canvas_black." + img_format, 1, 1, b"\x80", [b"\x80"])
 
 
 def test_image_black_transparent():
     """
     Test rendering black/transparent image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('black_transparent.' + img_format, 2, 2, b'\xc0\x00', [b'\x80\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img(
+            "black_transparent." + img_format, 2, 2, b"\xc0\x00", [b"\x80\x80"]
+        )
 
 
 def test_image_black_white():
     """
     Test rendering black/white image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('black_white.' + img_format, 2, 2, b'\xc0\x00', [b'\x80\x80'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img(
+            "black_white." + img_format, 2, 2, b"\xc0\x00", [b"\x80\x80"]
+        )
 
 
 def test_image_white():
     """
     Test rendering solid white image
     """
-    for img_format in ['png', 'jpg', 'gif']:
-        _load_and_check_img('canvas_white.' + img_format, 1, 1, b'\x00', [b'\x00'])
+    for img_format in ["png", "jpg", "gif"]:
+        _load_and_check_img("canvas_white." + img_format, 1, 1, b"\x00", [b"\x00"])
 
 
 def test_split():
     """
     test whether the split-function works as expected
     """
-    im = EscposImage('test/resources/black_white.png')
+    im = EscposImage("test/resources/black_white.png")
     (upper_part, lower_part) = im.split(1)
     upper_part = EscposImage(upper_part)
     lower_part = EscposImage(lower_part)
-    assert(upper_part.width == lower_part.width == 2)
-    assert(upper_part.height == lower_part.height == 1)
-    assert(upper_part.to_raster_format() == b'\xc0')
-    assert(lower_part.to_raster_format() == b'\x00')
+    assert upper_part.width == lower_part.width == 2
+    assert upper_part.height == lower_part.height == 1
+    assert upper_part.to_raster_format() == b"\xc0"
+    assert lower_part.to_raster_format() == b"\x00"
 
 
-def _load_and_check_img(filename, width_expected, height_expected, raster_format_expected, column_format_expected):
+def _load_and_check_img(
+    filename,
+    width_expected,
+    height_expected,
+    raster_format_expected,
+    column_format_expected,
+):
     """
     Load an image, and test whether raster & column formatted output, sizes, etc match expectations.
     """
-    im = EscposImage('test/resources/' + filename)
-    assert(im.width == width_expected)
-    assert(im.height == height_expected)
-    assert(im.to_raster_format() == raster_format_expected)
+    im = EscposImage("test/resources/" + filename)
+    assert im.width == width_expected
+    assert im.height == height_expected
+    assert im.to_raster_format() == raster_format_expected
     i = 0
     for row in im.to_column_format(False):
-        assert(row == column_format_expected[i])
+        assert row == column_format_expected[i]
         i += 1

test/test_load_module.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
 
@@ -18,4 +14,4 @@ import escpos.printer as printer
 def test_instantiation():
     """test the instantiation of a escpos-printer class and basic printing"""
     instance = printer.Dummy()
-    instance.text('This is a test\n')
+    instance.text("This is a test\n")

test/test_magicencode.py

@@ -8,10 +8,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import pytest
 from nose.tools import raises, assert_raises
@@ -28,17 +24,17 @@ class TestEncoder:
     """
 
     def test_can_encode(self):
-        assert not Encoder({'CP437': 1}).can_encode('CP437', u'€')
-        assert Encoder({'CP437': 1}).can_encode('CP437', u'á')
-        assert not Encoder({'foobar': 1}).can_encode('foobar', 'a')
+        assert not Encoder({"CP437": 1}).can_encode("CP437", "€")
+        assert Encoder({"CP437": 1}).can_encode("CP437", "á")
+        assert not Encoder({"foobar": 1}).can_encode("foobar", "a")
 
     def test_find_suitable_encoding(self):
-        assert not Encoder({'CP437': 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u'€')
-        assert Encoder({'CP858': 1}).find_suitable_encoding(u'€') == 'CP858'
+        assert not Encoder({"CP437": 1}).find_suitable_encoding("€")
+        assert Encoder({"CP858": 1}).find_suitable_encoding("€") == "CP858"
 
     @raises(ValueError)
     def test_get_encoding(self):
-        Encoder({}).get_encoding_name('latin1')
+        Encoder({}).get_encoding_name("latin1")
 
 
 class TestMagicEncode:
@@ -61,50 +57,50 @@ class TestMagicEncode:
                 MagicEncode(driver, disabled=True)
 
     class TestWriteWithEncoding:
-
         def test_init_from_none(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding=None)
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro."
 
         def test_change_from_another(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP437')
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP437")
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x13\xd5 ist teuro."
 
         def test_no_change(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP858')
-            encode.write_with_encoding('CP858', '€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\xd5 ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP858")
+            encode.write_with_encoding("CP858", "€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\xd5 ist teuro."
 
     class TestWrite:
-
         def test_write(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver)
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x0f\xa4 ist teuro.'
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x0f\xa4 ist teuro."
 
         def test_write_disabled(self, driver):
-            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding='CP437', disabled=True)
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'? ist teuro.'
+            encode = MagicEncode(driver, encoding="CP437", disabled=True)
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"? ist teuro."
 
         def test_write_no_codepage(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(
-                driver, defaultsymbol="_", encoder=Encoder({'CP437': 1}),
-                encoding='CP437')
-            encode.write(u'€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'_ ist teuro.'
+                driver,
+                defaultsymbol="_",
+                encoder=Encoder({"CP437": 1}),
+                encoding="CP437",
+            )
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"_ ist teuro."
 
     class TestForceEncoding:
-
         def test(self, driver):
             encode = MagicEncode(driver)
-            encode.force_encoding('CP437')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x00'
+            encode.force_encoding("CP437")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x00"
 
-            encode.write('€ ist teuro.')
-            assert driver.output == b'\x1bt\x00? ist teuro.'
+            encode.write("€ ist teuro.")
+            assert driver.output == b"\x1bt\x00? ist teuro."
 
 
 try:
@@ -123,5 +119,5 @@ class TestKatakana:
         encode_katakana(text)
 
     def test_result(self):
-        assert encode_katakana('カタカナ') == b'\xb6\xc0\xb6\xc5'
-        assert encode_katakana("あいうえお") == b'\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5'
+        assert encode_katakana("カタカナ") == b"\xb6\xc0\xb6\xc5"
+        assert encode_katakana("あいうえお") == b"\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5"

test/test_printer_file.py

@@ -8,41 +8,39 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import six
 
 import pytest
-from hypothesis import given
+from hypothesis import given, settings
 from hypothesis.strategies import text
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
 
 if six.PY3:
-    mock_open_call = 'builtins.open'
+    mock_open_call = "builtins.open"
 else:
-    mock_open_call = '__builtin__.open'
+    mock_open_call = "__builtin__.open"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skip("this test is broken and has to be fixed or discarded")
 @given(path=text())
 def test_load_file_printer(mocker, path):
     """test the loading of the file-printer"""
-    mock_escpos = mocker.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+    mock_escpos = mocker.patch("escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__")
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
     printer.File(devfile=path)
     assert mock_escpos.called
     mock_open.assert_called_with(path, "wb")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skip("this test is broken and has to be fixed or discarded")
 @given(txt=text())
 def test_auto_flush(mocker, txt):
     """test auto_flush in file-printer"""
-    mock_escpos = mocker.patch('escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__')
+    mock_escpos = mocker.patch("escpos.escpos.Escpos.__init__")
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
-    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, "device")
 
     p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
     # inject the mocked device-object
@@ -57,11 +55,12 @@ def test_auto_flush(mocker, txt):
     assert mock_device.flush.called
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skip("this test is broken and has to be fixed or discarded")
 @given(txt=text())
 def test_flush_on_close(mocker, txt):
     """test flush on close in file-printer"""
     mock_open = mocker.patch(mock_open_call)
-    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, 'device')
+    mock_device = mocker.patch.object(printer.File, "device")
 
     p = printer.File(auto_flush=False)
     # inject the mocked device-object

test/test_printer_network.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import escpos.printer as printer
+import pytest
+import mock
+import socket
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def instance():
+    socket.socket.connect = mock.Mock()
+    return printer.Network("localhost")
+
+
+def test_close_without_open(instance):
+    """try to close without opening (should fail gracefully)
+
+    Currently we never open from our fixture, so calling close once
+    should be enough. In the future this might not be enough,
+    therefore we have to close twice in order to provoke an error
+    (if possible, this should not raise)
+    """
+    instance.close()
+    instance.close()

test/test_profile.py

@@ -4,35 +4,33 @@ from escpos.capabilities import get_profile, NotSupported, BARCODE_B, Profile
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def profile():
-    return get_profile('default')
+    return get_profile("default")
 
 
 class TestBaseProfile:
-    """Test the `BaseProfile` class.
-    """
+    """Test the `BaseProfile` class."""
 
     def test_get_font(self, profile):
         with pytest.raises(NotSupported):
-            assert profile.get_font('3')
+            assert profile.get_font("3")
         assert profile.get_font(1) == 1
-        assert profile.get_font('a') == 0
+        assert profile.get_font("a") == 0
 
     def test_supports(self, profile):
-        assert not profile.supports('asdf asdf')
+        assert not profile.supports("asdf asdf")
         assert profile.supports(BARCODE_B)
 
     def test_get_columns(self, profile):
-        assert profile.get_columns('a') > 5
+        assert profile.get_columns("a") > 5
         with pytest.raises(NotSupported):
-            assert profile.get_columns('asdfasdf')
+            assert profile.get_columns("asdfasdf")
 
 
 class TestCustomProfile:
-    """Test custom profile options with the `Profile` class.
-    """
+    """Test custom profile options with the `Profile` class."""
 
     def test_columns(self):
-        assert Profile(columns=10).get_columns('sdfasdf') == 10
+        assert Profile(columns=10).get_columns("sdfasdf") == 10
 
     def test_features(self):
-        assert Profile(features={'foo': True}).supports('foo')
+        assert Profile(features={"foo": True}).supports("foo")

test/test_raise_arbitrary_error.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+"""test the raising of errors with the error module
+
+:author: `Patrick Kanzler <patrick.kanzler@fablab.fau.de>`_
+:organization: `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:copyright: Copyright (c) 2017 `python-escpos <https://github.com/python-escpos>`_
+:license: MIT
+"""
+
+
+import pytest
+import escpos
+import escpos.exceptions
+
+
+def test_raise_error_wrongly():
+    """raise error the wrong way
+
+    should reproduce https://github.com/python-escpos/python-escpos/issues/257
+    """
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
+        raise escpos.Error("This should raise an AttributeError.")
+
+
+def tests_raise_error():
+    """raise error the right way"""
+    with pytest.raises(escpos.exceptions.Error):
+        raise escpos.exceptions.Error("This should raise an error.")

test/test_with_statement.py

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 :license: MIT
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import escpos.printer as printer
 import escpos.escpos as escpos
@@ -20,5 +16,5 @@ def test_with_statement():
     """Use with statement"""
     dummy_printer = printer.Dummy()
     with escpos.EscposIO(dummy_printer) as p:
-            p.writelines('Some text.\n')
+        p.writelines("Some text.\n")
     # TODO extend these tests as they don't really do anything at the moment

tox.ini

@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
 [tox]
-envlist = py27, py34, py35, docs, flake8
+envlist = py37, py38, py39, py310, py311, docs, flake8
+
+[gh-actions]
+python =
+    2.7: py27
+    3.6: py36
+    3.7: py37
+    3.8: py38
+    3.9: py39
+    3.10: py310
+    3.11: py311
 
 [testenv]
 deps = nose
@@ -7,19 +17,22 @@ deps = nose
        coverage
        scripttest
        mock
-       pytest!=3.2.0
+       pytest!=3.2.0,!=3.3.0
        pytest-cov
        pytest-mock
-       hypothesis
-       viivakoodi
-commands = py.test --cov escpos
+       hypothesis>4
+       python-barcode
+commands = pytest --cov escpos
+passenv = ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_PICKLE_DIR, ESCPOS_CAPABILITIES_FILE, CI, TRAVIS, TRAVIS_*, APPVEYOR, APPVEYOR_*, CODECOV_*
 
 [testenv:docs]
 basepython = python
 changedir = doc
-deps = sphinx>=1.5.1
+deps = sphinx>=3.0.0
        setuptools_scm
-       viivakoodi
+       python-barcode
+       sphinxcontrib-spelling>=7.2.0
+       sphinx_rtd_theme
 commands = sphinx-build -W -b html -d {envtmpdir}/doctrees .  {envtmpdir}/html
 
 [testenv:flake8]